scholarly journals An Analysis of Percentage Share of Foreign Exchange Earnings from Tourism in Balance of Payments of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3537-3542
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Current Account Balance ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Foreign Tourist ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Percentage Share ◽  
Backward Linkages

Tourism is a rapidly growing industry of the world and it is gaining universal acceptance as an engine because of its forward and backward linkages which helps in overall development of a country. Like any other countries, India is also recognizing the tourism sector’s ability to push the economy upward. India is now able to attract a huge amount of foreign tourists, which is giving rise to the number of foreign tourist arrivals (FTAS) in India, which in turn giving rise to the foreign exchange earnings. According to Ministry of Tourism (Government of India), during 2018, foreign tourist arrivals (FTAs) in India stood at 10.56 million and it is contributing US $ 28585 million as a Foreign Exchange to the economy. This is also providing helping hand to stabilize the Balance of Payments (BoP) of the country. The tourism sector of India is the second largest contributor among the services to the current account balance of the country. India is a net exporter of travel as foreigners visiting India spend more money than Indians visiting foreign countries. As International tourism usually does not require high value imports for every single unit of foreign currency coming into the economies of developing countries, it can be used for the development of the economy of the country. However, this paper is trying to analyze the growth of the tourism sector as well as its percentage share as Foreign Exchange Receipts to the Balance of Payments (BoP) of the country India.

scholarly journals Analysis of Determinants The Foreign Exchange Earnings of Tourism Sector In Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Dyike Adella Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Dollar Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Tourist ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Tourism Sector

This research aims to analyze determinants of the number of foreign tourist, average foreign tourist expenditure, average length of stay foreign tourist, and dollar exchange rate against rupiah on foreign exchange earnings of tourism sector in Indonesia 2009 – 2013 periods. The data is secondary from Indonesia Statistical Agency, Bank of Indonesia, Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, articles, journal, and result of previous researches. This research uses panel data regression analysis. The result shows that the number of foreign tourist, average foreign tourist expenditure, average length of stay foreign tourist and dollar exchange rate against rupiah are giving positive effect on foreign exchange earnings of tourism sector in Indonesia 2009 – 2013 periods. Average length of stay foreign tourist is a variable that mostly affecting on open foreign exchange earnings in Indonesia 2009 – 2013 periods. Based on the result, the government is targeting foreign tourist arrivals to Indonesia for foreign tourists bringing foreign currency so that the rupiah demand will rise and increase tourism foreign exchange. Government, investors and communities leveraging existing infrastructure so that the average length of stay of foreign tourists continues to increase so Enhancing tourism foreign exchange. Stability of rupiah should always be maintained.

scholarly journals Tourism Demand Analysis Using Probabilistic Travel Model: A Study In Pokhara

Pravaha ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Dila Ram Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Demand Analysis ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
Currency Exchange ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World

Tourism is now one of the largest industries in the world that has developed alongside the fascinating concept of eco-tourism. Nepal Tourism Policy 2009 identifies tourism sector as an important vehicle for economic and social development. Revenue from tourism sector is observed from foreign currency exchange made by tourists and tourism industries as proxy of income. According to Tourism Towards 2030, the number of international tourist arrivals worldwide is expected to increase by an average of 3.3% a year over the period 2010 to 2030. At the projected rate of growth, international tourist arrivals worldwide are expected to reach 1.4 billion by 2020, and 1.8 billion by the year 2030. Nepal aims to transform its tourism sector into one of the largest foreign exchange earners in 2016 by attracting 2.5 million high spending tourists. Tourism was ranked as the fifth largest source of foreign exchange earnings in 2012 and third largest in 2013 contributing 5.2 percent to total foreign earnings of the country. This study shows the tourism infrastructure as well as seasonal arrival of tourists in Nepal and to develop the probabilistic travel model on the basis of tourist perception which will help the tourism department for the further economic development of the area. R-Studio based on data from the sample period from 2008 to 2016. The formula presented in this study can be used by policy makers to calculate future foreign exchange earnings, employment, arrivals and prices related to tourism in Nepal. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 58-63

The Role and Importance of Tourism Sector in Economy of Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolkun Zhumakunova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Developments

Since the second half of the 20th century tourism has become one of the fast developing and expanding sectors in the world economy. The tourism sector plays an important role in alleviating issues related with the balance of payments, reducing unemployment, creating tax incomes and contributing to economic developments by providing a large foreign exchange inflow to the country, therefore, we can say that this sector has larger impact on economic growth than other sectors. As it is in developing and underdeveloped countries, in Kyrgyzstan the tourism industry is one of the most important sectors in the economy. The tourism sector in Kyrgyzstan plays an important role in in economic development by reducing the level of unemployment and generating the income by providing mass foreign exchange inflow to the country. In this context the aim of this paper is to analyze the role and importance of tourism in Kyrgyzstan’s economy by using methods of statistical analysis. The results show that the total number of tourists coming to Kyrgyzstan, thus the tourism revenues increased. In other words, when tourism revenues increase, this fosters economic development, by receiving a larger share of tourism revenues. In this study, the literature review method was used.

scholarly journals Cottage Resort Simalem Park (Traditionalism)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
Firman Eddy ◽  
Rini Oktarine S
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Foreign Tourist ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Foreign Countries

Tourism will be producing foreign exchange in Indonesia. Indonesia has a tourism appeal that manifests itself in traditional homes and village. In promoting Indonesian tourism to foreign countries, traditional architecture is a better choice, but fewer relics of traditional building art are worth a visit. Sumatera is an ethnically diverse island. Sumatera has become a tourist attraction that is often visited by foreign tourist. Resort attractions are becoming tourist attractions and lodging that is frequented by foreign tourist. There are several problems, namely how to realize the planning and design of resort cottages by considering traditional architecture and having planning standards that need to consider based on comparative studies carried out, then how to process the appearance of the building to fit the atmosphere in Taman Simalem Resort. With the aim of the design is to realize the concept of designing Resort Cottages and supporting facilities such as restaurants and spas by applying the principles of Traditional architecture. The design method used in the object design includes two aspects, namely the approach to the design theme, location, and environmental studies.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ON MONETARY POLICY

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342
Author(s):  
Vesna Korunoska ◽  
Biljana Mitrovic ◽  
Pavle Trpeski
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
The Impact

The paper monitors the balance of payments in the Republic of N. Macedonia, which determines the amount of the exchange rate through the supply and demand of foreign currency, as well as the impact of the exchange rate on the balance of payments movements. Real exchange rates are essentially equilibrium exchange rates. exchange rate that will keep the balance of payments in balance without taking measures for foreign exchange control, without pronounced inflation and deflationary tendencies and without constant expectation of monetary and foreign exchange reserves.There are several methods by which balance of payments can be established: by devaluation, by currency control and by deflation. When considering the relationship between the national currency exchange rate and the balance of payments of a national economy in terms of their interconnections, one should depart from their causal link of impacts. The exchange rate affects the balance of payments, as well as the balance of payments affects the exchange rate.The first part of the paper elaborates in detail the key activities of the balance of payments adjustment and the exchange rate adjustment, as well as their mutual impact.We use the adjustment mechanism to restore balance once the initial equilibrium has been disturbed. The payment adjustment process takes two different forms. One, under certain conditions, has adjustment factors that automatically contribute to balancing. Second, in the event that automatic adjustment fails to strike a balance, the government adopts a discretionary policy to achieve this goal.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Ekonomi Indonesia Berbasis Wisata Halal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Fitrianto Fitrianto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Foreign Tourist ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Islamic Values

<p><em>This paper describes the development of Indonesian economy based on halal tourism. The tourism sector is Indonesia's mainstay in gaining foreign exchange. Tourism can be used as an engine of economic growth for the country. The Indonesian government targets 20 million foreign tourist visits in 2019. Foreign tourist visits to Indonesia have increased during 2017 to 2018. The Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) released the number of foreign tourist visits to Indonesia during 2018 to reach 15.81 million or an increase of 12.58%. In 2018, foreign exchange from the tourism sector accounted for US $ 17 M, an increase of 11.8%.</em></p><p><em>Halal tourism is a tourism concept that matches Islamic values. Indonesia has a great opportunity in developing the halal tourism sector. Bank Indonesia (BI) states that halal tourism also supports the development of Islamic economics. Halal tourism can strengthen the country's economy. In April 2019 Indonesia was ranked first in the category of the world's best halal tourism destinations based on the Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI) standard.</em></p>

TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT IS INCREASING, NEW JOBS WILL INCREASE INCOMES AND LIVING STANDARDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
N.T. Sattarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
New Jobs

One of the important issues of today is the development of the tourism industry with great potential for solving in the near future.The development of the tourism sector will create new jobs, diversify the economy,accelerate the development of regions, increase foreign exchange earnings, increase incomes and living standards

Foreign Direct Investment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
High Profit

Recent years have also seen increased openness of EDEs to foreign direct investment (FDI) in search for faster growth and greater stability. However, FDI is one of the most ambiguous and least understood concepts in international economics. Common debate is confounded by several myths regarding its nature and impact. It is often portrayed as a stable, cross-border flow of capital that adds to productive capacity and meets foreign exchange shortfalls. However, the reality is far more complex. FDI does not always involve inflows of financial or real capital. Greenfield investment, unlike mergers and acquisitions, makes a direct contribution to productive capacity, but can crowd out domestic investors. FDI can induce significant instability in currency and financial markets. Its immediate contribution to balance-of-payments may be positive, but its longer-term impact is often negative because of high-profit remittances and import contents.

PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT AND FOREIGN CURRENCY DENOMINATED BONDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 763-770
Author(s):  
SILVIA CECCACCI ◽  
ALESSANDRO MARCHESIANI ◽  
LORENZO PECCHI
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Bond Type ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
Public Debt Management ◽  
Percentage Share ◽  
Increasing Function

Foreign-currency denominated securities are introduced in a stochastic model à la Missale [13]. It is shown that the percentage share of this bond type, as compared to total debt, is an increasing function of the covariance between the output and the rate of depreciation, but it may or may not be a decreasing function of the volatility of the rate of depreciation.

THE CURRENT GROWTH EFFECT OF HEALTH TOURISM MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN TURKEY FOR THE EVALUATION ON CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 220-240
Author(s):  
Mustafa IŞIK ◽  
Yakup ÖZSEZER ◽  
Fikriye IŞIK
Keyword(s):  
Current Account ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Current Account Balance ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Tourism Sector

Tourism sector is one of the major driving forces to develop the Turkish economy which provides the positive contributions with new employment opportunities and the national income and payments. With aid of this developments in economy by tourism, it has also increased the interaction with alternative areas. Health Tourism is also one of the special areas in which provides to the country high added value and foreign currency exchange income. Since the revenue outcome by health tourism is reaching up to 100 billion dollars, the national policy of health tourism enable countries has been undertaken as a high interested point of investment needed area. The critical threshold of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is 4 to 5 percent as a current account balance and this deficient outcome in Turkey mostly takes on 5 to 4 percent which is a considered as a critical threshold. Health Tourism is expected to play a key role in bringing the values to the positive levels and therefore the focus is becoming on this area by health sector. Developing countries such as India, Singapore, and Thailand meet their foreign trade deficits with the income where they have obtained from this specific sector and the level of growth in this sector is at certain rate every year. The health Tourism is very crucial and significant sector for such a country Turkey, who has current budget deficit, and it is real economic sense. With Covid-19 crisis, the plans related with health tourism is re-evaluated by the coordination between Turkish Ministry of Health, Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Economy. Especially, with the infrastructure works carried for public and city hospitals has been capable of providing health tourism services within the organization which is called “USHAŞ (International Health Services)”. The health tourism sector offers significant opportunities for Turkey during Covid-19 pandemic effects on our current account deficit and the decline in economic recovery of our tourism industry and losses. With health tourism created opportunities is already in an increasing trend, to contribute to the country’s economy much faster by increasing target markets with public-private cooperation.

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