scholarly journals EVALUATION THE EFFICINCY OF SUBSTRATE IN YIELD CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITIES OF Flammulina velutipes

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrazzaq & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Palm Waste

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the substrate on the productivity and quality for Flammulina velutipes. Results of the effect of different agro-waste sawdust (SD), wheat straw (WS) and palm waste (PW). on the mean fungal mycelium growth shows that Flammulina velutipes gave the highest mean fungal mycelium growth on SD culture media amended with 2, 3, 4% lime at 30c. evaluation the efficiency of the above  agro-waste  substrate morphological and productivity showed that, the shortest period for the full growth of F. velutipes mycelium was on SD substrate, the shortest period for the pinhead formation 8.6days on  the fungus gave highest yield on WS which was 152.3 gm/ bag with 61.1% biological efficiency. The shortest time for full growth of F. velutipes was achieved in PW amended with wheat bran, the highest yield was in WS enriched with wheat bran which 306.7 gm/ bag with 129.3% biological efficiency. Results showed differences in quality characteristics in fruit bodies  of fungi by effect of substrate. 

scholarly journals EVALUATION THE EFFICIENCY OF SUBSTATE AND CASING IN YIELD CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITIES OF FUNGI Pleurotus eryngii

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrazzaq & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Palm Waste

Evaluation the efficiency different agro-waste sawdust (SD) , wheat straw (WS) and palm waste (PW)  substrate on  morphological and productivity of the P. eryngii showed that the shortest period for the full growth was on PWs which reached 53.3 days , the shortest period of pinhead formation was 8.7days on SD , the fungus gave the   maximum yield and biological efficiency on WS which reached 138.3 gm/bag and 37.7 % . the shortest period of full growth of P. eryngii in SD supplemented with alfalfa was 20.6 days , the shortest period of pinhead formation was 12days  on treatments  WS enriched with wheat bran , WS amended with sugarcane and SD amended with wheat bran The fungus gave the highest yield in WS enriched with wheat bran which246.3 gm/bag in the same substrate with 74.5 % biological efficiency. The general mean growth for P. eryngii was 1cm / day on different examined soil which achieved the highest general mean growth 3 cm after 3 days of inoculation  on Peatmoss + clay soil (1:1, the highest yield 790 gm / container in WS enriched with wheat bran with 119% biological efficiency by peatmoss alone.

scholarly journals Effect of different agro-wastes, casing materials and supplements on the growth, yield and nutrition of milky mushroom (Calocybe indica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Hasan Sardar ◽  
Muhammad Akbar Anjum ◽  
Aamir Nawaz ◽  
Safina Naz ◽  
Shaghef Ejaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Peat Moss

AbstractAgricultural waste disposal is one of the main concerns in today's world that can cause environmental pollution. Utilisation of agro-waste materials to grow mushrooms is an eco-friendly method to reduce pollution. Therefore, various agricultural waste materials, such as wheat straw, rice straw and cotton waste, were utilised for the production of milky mushroom. Among the substrates used in this study wheat straw showed superior substrate for the production of milky mushroom. The agronomic traits studied such as total yield, number of fruiting bodies, the maximum diameter of pileus and stalk length, biological efficiency, protein contents, phosphorous and potassium contents were observed on wheat straw substrate. Peat moss, loam soil and spent mushroom substrate were used as casing materials. Among the casing materials used, the highest yield and biological efficiency were observed on peat moss. The results also indicated that the addition of supplements with the substrate improved yield and yield contributing characteristics. Among the tested supplements (wheat bran and rice bran), wheat bran was the best supplement for wheat straw substrate to cultivate milky white mushroom.

scholarly journals Composted versus Raw Olive Mill Waste as Substrates for the Production of Medicinal Mushrooms: An Assessment of Selected Cultivation and Quality Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios I. Zervakis ◽  
Georgios Koutrotsios ◽  
Panagiotis Katsaris
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

Two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW, “alperujo”) is a highly biotoxic sludge-like effluent of the olive-oil milling process with a huge seasonal production. One of the treatment approaches that has so far received little attention is the use of TPOMW as substrate for the cultivation of edible mushrooms. Fifteen fungal strains belonging to five species (Basidiomycota), that is,Agrocybe cylindracea,Pleurotus cystidiosus,P. eryngii,P. ostreatus, andP. pulmonarius, were evaluated for their efficacy to colonize media composed of TPOMW, which was used either raw or composted in mixtures with wheat straw in various ratios. Qualified strains exhibited high values of biological efficiency (e.g., 120–135% forPleurotusspp. and 125% forA. cylindracea) and productivity in subsequent cultivation experiments on substrates supplemented with 20–40% composted TPOMW or 20% raw TPOMW. Only when supplementation exceeded 60% for raw TPOMW, a negative impact was noted on mushroom yields which could be attributed to the effluent's toxicity (otherwise alleviated in the respective composted TPOMW medium). Earliness and mushroom size as well as quality parameters such as total phenolic content and antioxidant activity did not demonstrate significant differences versus the control wheat-straw substrate. The substrates hemicellulose content was negatively correlated with mycelium growth rates and yields and positively with earliness; in addition, cellulose: lignin ratio presented a positive correlation with mycelium growth and mushroom weight forA. cylindraceaand with earliness for all species examined. TPOMW-based media revealed a great potential for the substitution of traditional cultivation substrates by valorizing environmentally hazardous agricultural waste.

scholarly journals Influence of enriched soaking water on shiitake (Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer) mushroom yield and properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ebrahim RANJBAR ◽  
Jamal Ali OLFATI ◽  
Masoumeh AMANI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Shiitake Mushroom ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Shiitake Mushrooms ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Mushroom Yield ◽  
Rice Bran Extraction

<p><em></em>Shiitake is an edible mushroom native to East Asia. In the present research, the soaking water was targeted as the vehicle to enrich the substrate. The amount of nutrients in the substrate is severely reduced by mycelium growth and development during spawn running and browning period. Some part of this reduction can be compensated by soaking the substrate in the enriched soaking water. In this study, soaking water was enriched by some complement materials and enrichment effects on some important properties of shiitake mushroom were evaluated. The highest biological efficiency (69.88 %) was gained with soaking the blocks in wheat bran extraction suspension. The highest dry matter of mushroom was obtained by rice bran extraction suspension as the enriched soaking water. The results of this research showed that some important properties of shiitake mushroom can be improved by soaking the blocks with enriched soaking water. According to the results, wheat bran extraction suspension was the best enriched solution to increase productivity of shiitake mushrooms and rice bran extraction suspension was suitable to improve quality of mushrooms.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Optimization of agro-residues as substrates for Pleurotus pulmonarius production

AMB Express ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wu ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
Odeshnee Moodley ◽  
Bing Song ◽  
Chuanwen Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Pleurotus Pulmonarius ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Agro Residues

AbstractThe “replacing wood by grass” project can partially resolve the conflict between mushroom production and balancing the ecosystem, while promoting agricultural economic sustainability. Pleurotus pulmonarius is an economically important edible and medicinal mushroom, which is traditionally produced using a substrate consisting of sawdust and cottonseed hulls, supplemented with wheat bran. A simplex lattice design was applied to systemically optimize the cultivation of P. pulmonarius using agro-residues as the main substrate to replace sawdust and cottonseed hulls. The effects of differing amounts of wheat straw, corn straw, and soybean straw on the variables of yield, mycelial growth rate, stipe length, pileus length, pileus width, and time to harvest were demonstrated. Results indicated that a mix of wheat straw, corn straw, and soybean straw may have significantly positive effects on each of these variables. The high yield comprehensive formula was then optimized to include 40.4% wheat straw, 20.3% corn straw, 18.3% soybean straw, combined with 20.0% wheat bran, and 1.0% light CaCO3 (C/N = 42.50). The biological efficiency was 15.2% greater than that of the control. Most encouraging was the indication that the high yield comprehensive formula may shorten the time to reach the reproductive stage by 6 days, compared with the control. Based on the results of this study, agro-residues may be used as a suitable substitution for sawdust and cottonseed hulls as the main cultivation substrates of P. pulmonarius. These results provide a theoretical basis for the “replacing wood by grass” project on edible mushroom cultivation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MAGNESIUM (Mg) SOURCE ON THE Cordyceps militaris (L.) MUSHROOM MYCELIUM GROWTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Melinda Rózsa ◽  
Dănuț-Nicolae Măniuțiu ◽  
Emese Egyed
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Magnesium (Mg) is an element with a role in oxidation processes. The optimal concentration of magnesium for the development of fungi is associated with an optimal concentration of phosphorus (P), which through its essential constituents, is an important element for the existence of biological systems in nature through nucleic acids, phospholipids, phosphoglycerides, phytin and phosphates. Magnesium has a role in the activity of certain enzymes and in respiration, being a component of protein substances with a special importance for microorganisms being included in reducing and phosphorylating enzymes and for protein synthesis. In this study, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), which is an accessible source of both magnesium and sulphur, as well as magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) were used as sources of magnesium, both being used in different concentrations in the growth medium. The culture medium or substrate influences the growth of the fungal mycelium, through the mineral, nutritive and stimulating substances in their composition. Using experimental culture media, an isolated tissue culture was performed from 2 strains of Cordyceps militaris (L.) fungus. The culture was performed in Petri dishes, incubated at a temperature of 24 ° C, aiming to increase the mycelium for 15 days. The highest increase was recorded by strain CI 32 with the addition of magnesium sulphate.

scholarly journals Sunflower Seed Hulls as Substrate for the Cultivation of Shiitake Mushrooms

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Néstor Curvetto ◽  
Débora Figlas ◽  
Silvia Delmastro
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Mycelium Growth Rate ◽  
Poplar Sawdust

Nutritive agar formulations with additions of poplar (Populus alba) sawdust, wheat (Triticum durum) bran, or milled sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed hulls (SSH) were evaluated for mycelium cultivation of shiitake (Lentinula edodes), in petri dishes. Sawdust, 2, 3 and 4 g·L-1 (0.27, 0.40 and 0.53 oz/gal) added to MYA (malt, yeast extract and agar) medium did not improve the mycelium growth rate, while media that included 1, 2, and 3 g·L-1 (0.13, 0.27, and 0.40 oz/gal) wheat bran or 2, 3, and 4 g·L-1 (0.27, 0.40, and 0.53 oz/gal) milled SSH exhibited a significant increase in the mycelium growth rate, at 25 °C (77 °F). The use of SSH obtained directly from the oil industry was evaluated as a substrate for the cultivation of shiitake mushroom via synthetic logs in plastic bags. A linear growth test was used to previously assay the mycelium growth rate in substrate compositions with different contents of SSH, wheat bran, and poplar sawdust, at 25 °C. The largest mycelial growth rates were 2.75, 2.88, and 2.93 mm·d-1 (0.108, 0.113, and 0.115 inch/day) for the substrates formulated with 8 SSH: 2 wheat bran, 9 SSH: 1 poplar sawdust, and 8 SSH: 1 wheat bran: 1 poplar sawdust by weight, respectively. The synthetic logs showed a daily production rate of 2 kg shiitake/100 kg dry substrate for a 55 days cycle production with a simple formula containing 37.5% SSH, 0.5% calcium carbonate (CaCO3), 2% calcium sulfate (CaSO4), and 60% water. Addition of wheat bran to the SSH-based synthetic log produced no significant differences on biological efficiency, mushroom production, or productivity.

Yield Performance of Calocybe indica on Different Agricultural Subatrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Pinkal Patel ◽  
Ratna Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Calocybe Indica

The Milky mushroom, Calocybe Indica was cultivated on different agricultural substrate, paddy straw, wheat straw, sugarcane trace and mango dry leaves. The spawning was done by sterilization of all the four substrate. The bags were kept in mushroom growing room with the maintenance of temperature and humidity 30̊ c-35̊ c and 70-80 % respectively. The minimum days requires for completion of spawn run (18.4 days), primordial formation (25.2 days) and days for first harvest (32.4 days) was first observed on cultivation with Paddy straw.  The maximum yield on fresh weight basis and biological efficiency (134.86 %) was also found to be as the same treatment with the Paddy straw as a substrate. The biological efficiency of wheat straw was at par with Sugarcane trace as substrate which was 85.07 % and 85.02 % respectively.

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