MANAGEMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION – AN AYURVEDA PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Shetti U. M. ◽  
Nandigoudar S.S. ◽  
Kalanghot P. S.
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Urine Examination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections are the second most widespread infection and are elaborated in Ayurveda classical texts. The aim of the study is to compare the effect of the two well recognised and practised Ayurveda preparations in the treatment of urinary tract infection. 34 patients with proven UTI complaints in the age group of 20 to 60 years were randomly selected from out-patient and in-patient departments as per randomization chart and were divided into Group A and group B. Respectively in group A and group B, patients were advised 15 mL of Ardhabilwa kashaya and Brihatyadi kashaya before food thrice daily with equal quantity of water. After seven days follow up, assessment was done based on the clinical signs and symptoms. Urine examination at base th th line, 7 and at 15 day was performed.Study proved both drugs were clinically efcacious and statistically signicant in the management of urinary tract infection.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens associated with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) among Patients attending Kam Medical Consult Clinic, Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gerald Turyatunga
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: A urinary tract infection (UTIs) is a common type of infection caused by bacteria that travel up the urethra to the bladder. Globally, it is reported that 150 million people are diagnosed with a UTI annually, costing the world economy over 6 million US dollars in treatment and work loss. Studies conducted in the in-patients pediatric ward of Muhimbili Hospital in Tanzania and Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda between five to ten years reported the prevalence of UTI to be 16.8% and 14.6% respectively. On average at Kam Medical Consult Clinic, patients who turn up in the laboratory are about 20%, and 50% of patients present with recurring UTIs clinically. Therefore,  there is a need to establish and investigate the prevalence of bacterial pathogens associated with UTI and multiple pathogens that are not known. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried out at Kam medical consult clinic (KMCC) located in Kafeero zone Mulago II Kawempe division. The study population was adults and children presenting with symptoms of urinary tract infection. 120 Midstream urine Samples were collected from patients presenting clinical signs of UTI. The diagnosis was done through macroscopy dry chemistry, microscopy, and culture. Results Among the sampled population, 33% of males had urinary tract infections while 67% of females had urinary tract infections.  88.5% were outpatients while 11.5 % were in-patients The overall prevalence of UTI among patients was 63.3% with children aged (1-10) having a prevalence of 5.8 %. Conclusion and recommendation: E.coli is an etiological agent causing UTIs in male and female patients presenting UTI at Kam Medical Consult Clinic. Other etiological agents included Klebsiella, Coliform, Enterococcus species, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, and candida species. There is a need to monitor the profile of etiological bacteria of UTI through culture and sensitivity regularly. 

scholarly journals Clinical, Epidemiological and Bacteriological Profile of Culture Positive Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Children – A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 522-526
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankar Rokkam ◽  
Chowdary Babu Menni ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Deepak Kumar Alikana
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Culture Positive

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTI) constitute a common cause of morbidity in infants and children. When associated with abnormalities of urinary tract, they may lead to long-term complications including renal scarring, loss of function and hypertension. Most urinary tract infections remain undiagnosed if investigations are not routinely performed to detect them. Prompt detection and treatment of urinary tract infections and any complicating factors are important. The objective of the study is to know the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile (i.e. clinical signs and symptoms, age, sex, family history, associated urinary tract abnormalities, & causative organisms) of urinary tract infections in febrile children with culture positive urinary tract infection. METHODS This descriptive, cross sectional observational study was conducted at outpatient clinics of our “child health clinics” between May 2016 and April 2017 (one year). All children aged 0 to 12 years with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile. RESULTS A total of 69 children with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study. Out of 69 children included in this study, 36 (52.2 %) were females and 33 (47.8 %) were males. Overall female preponderance was seen and the M: F ratio was 0.9:1. But during first year of life in our study group we had more boys (10, 14.49 %) affected with urinary tract infection than girls. 49.3 % of urinary tract infections in the present study belonged to lower socio-economic status. Most common organism causing urinary tract infection in our group was E. coli (56.5 %). Fever (100 %), anorexia or refusal of feeds (52.2 %), dysuria (46.4 %), vomiting (46.4 %) and abdominal pain (39.1 %) were the predominant clinical manifestations observed in our study. CONCLUSIONS Urinary tract infection is a common medical problem in children and it should be considered as a potential cause of fever in children. As febrile children with urinary tract infection usually present with non-specific signs and symptoms, urine culture should be considered as a part of diagnostic evaluation. KEYWORDS Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Febrile Children, Bacteriological Profile, Urine Culture

scholarly journals Efficacy of Tamsulosin in the Medical Management of Juxtavesical Ureteral Stones: A Randomized Control Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Sayeed Md. Feroz Mustafa ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Muhammad Syeef Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Dose Titration ◽  
Ureteral Stones ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Urolithiasis is the third most common disease of the urinary tract. Among all urinary tract stones, majorities are ureteral stones located in the distal part of the ureters. At present, multimodalities of treatment are available to the urologists. The purpose of the present study was to observe the efficacy of Tamsulosin in conventional treatment of juxtavesical ureteric stone having size up to 8 mm. This was a single centered, parallel randomized control trial carried out in the outpatient department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from July 2007 to June 2008. The patients with unilateral, juxtavesical ureteral stone with normal functioning kidney and absence of clinical and laboratory signs of urinary tract infection and stone size up to 8 mm were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the computer generated simple random sampling. Patients of Group-A  were given conventional hydrotherapy treatment and patients of Group-B were given Tamsulosin 0.4mg/day along with the conventional hydrotherapy. Each patient was followed-up weekly until stone expulsion for 4 weeks. In Group-A and Group-B, the mean age with SD was 38.55±10.05 and 37.7±9.33 years. Expulsion occurred in 32 (53.33%) of 60 patients in Group-A and 51 (85%) of 60 patients in Group-B (p <0.05). The number of pain episodes in this study was statistically significantly lower in Group-B patients compared to Group-A (p <0.05). Urinary tract infection was encountered in 12 (20%) patients of Group-A and 2 (3.33%) patients of Group-B (p <0.05) during four weeks therapy which was treated by appropriate antibiotics. No side effects of Tamsulosin were encountered in any patients of Group-B which could require the cessation of the medication or might need for dose titration. Findings of the study revealed that the Tamsulosin supplemented conventional therapy is more effective than conventional hydrotherapy alone in management of juxtavesical ureteral stones.

A Comparative Clinical Study on Phalatrikadi Kwata and Darvyadi Kwatha in the management of Kamala w.s.r. to Jaundice

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kallanagouda H. ◽  
S. C. Sarvi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Group B

Background: Jaundice (Kamala) is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, the conjunctival membranes over the sclera (whitish of the eyes), and other mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia (increased levels of bilirubin in the blood). Today’s lifestyle with unhygienic and poor dietary habits and alcoholic habits etc. are responsible factors to promote hepatic damage which clinically reflects as Kamala Roga. The incidence of such causes resulting in Jaundice. In India it is 2.37-3.15 per 1000 population. The effect of Ayurvedic treatment was assessed in relation to improvement in overall clinical signs and symptoms. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Phalatrikaadi Kwatha and Darvyadi Kwatha in Kamala Roga. Methodology: A comparative clinical study was conducted on Kamala for period of 15 days. The patients were divided into 2 groups. In Group A 20 patients were administered with Phalatrikadi Kwatha internally and in Group B 20 patients were administered with Darvyadi Kwatha internally. Results: Group A and Group B have shown statistically significant result. Group B treated with Darvyadi Kwatha showed better result compared with Group B treated with Phalatrikadi Kwatha.

Undiscovered Urinary Tract Infections

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
MELVYN H. WOLK
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
In Infants And Children

The occurrence of urinary tract infections in children has become an increasing problem. Pediatricians, especially those experiencing the "unhappy pediatric syndrome," should delight in investigating the manifold signs and symptoms with which these children may present. We have been taught that urologic symptoms, such as dysuria and frequency, may indicate an underlying urinary tract infection. However we must look further, for signs rather than symptoms in infants and children, for they may not be the best historians.

scholarly journals Host Cathelicidin Exacerbates Group B Streptococcus Urinary Tract Infection

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Patras ◽  
Alison Coady ◽  
Priyanka Babu ◽  
Samuel R. Shing ◽  
Albert D. Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes frequent urinary tract infection (UTI) in susceptible populations, including individuals with type 2 diabetes and pregnant women; however, specific host factors responsible for increased GBS susceptibility in these populations are not well characterized. Here, we investigate cathelicidin, a cationic antimicrobial peptide, known to be critical for defense during UTI with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). We observed a loss of antimicrobial activity of human and mouse cathelicidins against GBS and UPEC in synthetic urine and no evidence for increased cathelicidin resistance in GBS urinary isolates. Furthermore, we found that GBS degrades cathelicidin in a protease-dependent manner. Surprisingly, in a UTI model, cathelicidin-deficient (Camp−/−) mice showed decreased GBS burdens and mast cell recruitment in the bladder compared to levels in wild-type (WT) mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of mast cells reduced GBS burdens and histamine release in WT but not Camp−/− mice. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice had increased bladder cathelicidin production and mast cell recruitment at 24 h postinfection with GBS compared to levels in nondiabetic controls. We propose that cathelicidin is an important immune regulator but ineffective antimicrobial peptide against GBS in urine. Combined, our findings may in part explain the increased frequency of GBS UTI in diabetic and pregnant individuals. IMPORTANCE Certain populations such as diabetic individuals are at increased risk for developing urinary tract infections (UTI), although the underlying reasons for this susceptibility are not fully known. Additionally, diabetics are more likely to become infected with certain types of bacteria, such as group B Streptococcus (GBS). In this study, we find that an antimicrobial peptide called cathelicidin, which is thought to protect the bladder from infection, is ineffective in controlling GBS and alters the type of immune cells that migrate to the bladder during infection. Using a mouse model of diabetes, we observe that diabetic mice are more susceptible to GBS infection even though they also have more infiltrating immune cells and increased production of cathelicidin. Taken together, our findings identify this antimicrobial peptide as a potential contributor to increased susceptibility of diabetic individuals to GBS UTI.

scholarly journals Urinary tract infection and subclinical bacteriuria in cats: A clinical update

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roswitha Dorsch ◽  
Svenja Teichmann-Knorrn ◽  
Heidi Sjetne Lund
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Tract Infections

Practical relevance: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important cause of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD), particularly in female cats older than 10 years of age. In addition to cats with typical clinical signs of FLUTD or upper UTI, many cats have subclinical bacteriuria, but the clinical relevance of this is currently uncertain. UTIs are one of the most important indications for antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine and contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Adherence to treatment guidelines and confinement to a few first-line antimicrobial agents is imperative to avoid further deterioration of the antimicrobial resistance situation. The decision to treat with antimicrobials should be based on the presence of clinical signs, and/or concurrent diseases, and the results of urine culture and susceptibility testing. Clinical challenges: Distinguishing between cats with bacterial cystitis, and those with idiopathic cystitis and concurrent clinical or subclinical bacteriuria, is challenging, as clinical signs and urinalysis results may be identical. Optimal treatment of subclinical bacteriuria requires clarification as there is currently no evidence that demonstrates a beneficial effect of routine treatment. Management of recurrent UTIs remains a challenge as evidence for most alternatives used for prevention in cats is mainly anecdotal, and no preventive treatment modality is currently recommended. Evidence base: This review draws on an extensive literature base in veterinary and human medicine, including the recently updated guidelines of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. Where published evidence is lacking, the authors describe their own approach; notably, for the bacteriuric cat with chronic kidney disease.

Effect of Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis Against Group B Streptococcal Infection on Comparisons of Rates of Endometritis and Urinary Tract Infection in Multicenter Surveillance

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Dumas ◽  
Raphaëlle Girard ◽  
Louis Ayzac ◽  
Geneviève Beaumont ◽  
Emmanuelle Caillat-Vallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective.To establish whether antibiotic prophylaxis against group B streptococcal infection may be a confounding factor in comparisons of rates of endometritis and urinary tract infection after vaginal delivery.Design.Prospective study.Setting.Maternity units at 48 hospitals in a regional surveillance network in France during 2001-2004.Methods.The maternity units used a common protocol to establish whether antibiotic prophylaxis was indicated. Risk factors for endometritis and urinary tract infections were evaluated using multiple logistic regression.Results.We analyzed 49,786 vaginal deliveries. The percentage of women receiving antibiotic prophylaxis varied widely and significantly among the maternity units (range, 4.4%-26.0%; median, 15.8%; 25th percentile, 12.1%; 75th percentile, 19.0%) (P < .001, by Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test). The incidence rate of endometritis was significantly reduced from 0.25% to 0.11% by antibiotic prophylaxis (P = .001). There was a decrease in the incidence of urinary tract infection from 0.37% to 0.32%, but it was not statistically significant (P = .251).Conclusions.A reduction in the incidence of endometritis was observed when intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against group B streptococcal infection was used. However, the proportion of women considered to be at risk of infection varied widely among institutions. Comparisons of rates of endometritis among maternity units, but not urinary tract infection rates, should take into account antibiotic prophylaxis as a significant confounding factor.

scholarly journals Optimization of methods for the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections in pregnant women

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Khudovekova ◽  
Elena V. Mozgovaya
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tract Infections

A urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy remains one of the most important problems of obstetrics, urology, and nephrology. Pregnancy as physiological process contributes to UTI. This is caused by urinary clinical signs changing during pregnancy, approaches to diagnosis and treatment, as well as to the risk of developing urological, obstetric and neonatal complications. This article analyzes contemporary literature over the past 10 years.

Design and Evaluation of an Electronic Educational Multimedia Package for Patients with Pyelonephritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Shahmoradi ◽  
Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Jebraeil Farzi ◽  
Sorayya Rezayi ◽  
Mahsa Biglari
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Usability Evaluation ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Educational Multimedia ◽  
Educational Package ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim: Pyelonephritis is a subset of urinary tract infections that occurs by the ascent of bacteria from the lower urinary tract to the upper tract, such as kidneys. The purpose of this study is to create an introductory multimedia educational package for pyelonephritis. Method: The required information was retrieved from Medline (through PubMed), Web of sciences, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases by searching "Educational package" or "Training package" and "Pyelonephritis" keywords. In the next step, AutoPlay Media Studio software was selected to build an electronic educational multimedia package, considering the features of different Autoruns. In the usability evaluation stage, the isometric questionnaire 9241 part 10 was used. Four kidney and urinary tract specialists and eight experts in health information technology gave their views to us by completing the stated questionnaire. The results collected from the questionnaires were entered into SPSS-23 software for analysis using descriptive statistics. Results: The content of the educational multimedia package, i.e., the definition of pyelonephritis, types of pyelonephritis, the causes of pyelonephritis, the underlying factors, clinical signs and symptoms, and methods of diagnosis and treatment are presented on different pages of the electronic package, respectively. The results of this usability evaluation showed that the items; "after not using the system for a long time, it is easy for the user to re-learn how to use the system" and "the user can use the system properly without asking his/her colleagues for help" had the lowest mean value (4.2) and the item; "explanations provided help the user to use the system more skillfully" had the highest mean value (4.9). Conclusion: The use of educational multimedia packages by patients can improve awareness and affect public health. Our educational multimedia package is superior to traditional training due to easy access and not being limited to a specific time and place, increasing the quality of learning and awareness.

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