COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME OF COVID POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN FIRST AND SECOND WAVE

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
V. Radha Lakshmi ◽  
K. Anusha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Postpartum Woman ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Second Wave

Introduction: Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19), produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV2), has become a global pandemic, giving rise to a serious health threat globally. In India we have seen a two wave pattern of reported cases with peak of rst wave in September 2020 and peak of second wave in May 2021.Women undergoing pregnancy and those at the time of child birth and puerperium constitute potentially vulnerable populations for covid-19. Aims And Objectives: To evaluate differences in clinical presentation, co-morbidities, pregnancy complications and outcomes in women with covid-19 during rst wave and second wave of covid-19 pandemic. Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of all hospitalized pregnant and postpartum woman with SARS-CoV2 infection in Government General Hospital, Kurnool. All the patients admitted from 1st May to 31st October 2020 were considered to be in the rst wave and those admitted from 1st April to 31st June were considered to be in second wave. Results: Incidence of cases has increased from 14.18 to 16.8%.There was two fold increase in the symptomatic cases from 4.2 to 8%patients in the second wave were younger in the age group of 16-25yrs.The number of pregnant women delivered by Caesarean section have increased from 57.5 %to 61.1 %.ICU admissions have signicantly increased from 2.7% to 3.1% Case fatality rate has increased from 0.4%-1.1%. As observed from the above results there is higher frequency of severe Covid 19,increased ICU ad Conclusion: missions and maternal deaths in second wave of Covid 19 pandemic as compared to the rst wave .Although the exact causes of increase in severity and mortality are unknown ,but probably due to emergence of most pathological strains of SARS-Co2.

UPDATE ON CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLICATIONS OF COVID 19

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Gayathri Ananyajyothi Ambat ◽  
Roshini Ambat ◽  
Syed Ilas Basha ◽  
Hema Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Acute Myocardial Injury ◽  
Exercise Induced

On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human transmission mode.ACE 2 receptors facilitate cellular entry and has been implicated in direct and indirect myocardial damage. Myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, arrhythmias and thromboembolism dominates the clinical picture. Role of imaging must be dened in relation to relevant clinical ndings. With arrival of vaccine and widespread vaccination global programs, we can look forward to understanding and managing long term complications of this disease. Prognostic implications of a resolved disease need to be evaluated by future studies.

scholarly journals The Effect of COVID-19 on Hospitalized Cancer Patients and Their Healthcare

2021 ◽  
pp. 699-703
Author(s):  
Jahnvi Garg ◽  
Ranjit S. Ambad ◽  
Nandkishor Bankar
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Staying At Home

Introduction: This article includes the effect of Corona virus disease on cancer patients and their healthcare facilities. The global pandemic mentioned around the world has impacted the most vulnerable group of patients- cancer. With the assistance of RT PCR tests and HRCT, oncologists and doctors have tried to provide treatment to Covid-19 patients. Cancer patients are more susceptible to Covid-19 than non-cancer or non-survivor patients, according to reports. To avoid the prevalence and infection of cancer victims, WHO has suggested staying at home and continuing their treatment through telemedicine unless the situation is critical for which they might require therapy and/or surgery. Covid-19 is here to stay so we should practice with utmost care and precaution.

scholarly journals Health Awareness Program to Pregnant Women Regarding Corona virus Disease (Covid 19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1285-1303
Author(s):  
Hend Hassan Ali ◽  
Amira Morsy Yousif ◽  
Sabah Abdo Abd El-Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Awareness Program ◽  
Corona Virus

scholarly journals Genomic variation and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 importation and early circulation in Israel

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0243265
Author(s):  
Neta S. Zuckerman ◽  
Efrat Bucris ◽  
Yaron Drori ◽  
Oran Erster ◽  
Danit Sofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Acute Respiratory Disease ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Whole Genomes

Severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes corona virus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since led to a global pandemic. Importations of SARS-CoV-2 to Israel in late February from multiple countries initiated a rapid outbreak across the country. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 whole genomes were sequenced from 59 imported samples with a recorded country of importation and 101 early circulating samples in February to mid-March 2020 and analyzed to infer clades and mutational patterns with additional sequences identified Israel available in public databases. Recorded importations in February to mid-March, mostly from Europe, led to multiple transmissions in all districts in Israel. Although all SARS-CoV-2 defined clades were imported, clade 20C became the dominating clade in the circulating samples. Identification of novel, frequently altered mutated positions correlating with clade-defining positions provide data for surveillance of this evolving pandemic and spread of specific clades of this virus. SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and mutate in Israel and across the globe. With economy and travel resuming, surveillance of clades and accumulating mutations is crucial for understanding its evolution and spread patterns and may aid in decision making concerning public health issues.

scholarly journals 402. COVID-19 Infection in Nepal: Epidemiological Analysis from April 2020 to March 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S302-S303
Author(s):  
Hai V Le
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Early Implementation ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background In December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged from Wuhan, China. A global pandemic quickly unfolded, infecting >137 million people and causing >2.9 million deaths globally as of April 13, 2021. Before April 1, 2020, there were only five confirmed COVID-19 cases in Nepal. Like many countries around the world, the COVID-19 situation quickly escalated in Nepal. The purpose of this study was to determine the trends in COVID-19 cases and deaths in Nepal from April 2020 to March 2021. Methods We utilized epidemiological data from daily Situation Reports published by the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) of Nepal. Data were extracted or calculated from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021. Primary variables of interest were national and provincial daily cases, total cases, daily deaths, and total deaths. Results Between April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021, there were 277,304 cases. October 2020 had the highest monthly cases with 92,926 cases. During the one-year study period, the infection rate was 915 cases per 100,000 people. The largest single-day new cases was October 21, 2020 with 5,743 cases, which is calculated to 19 cases per 100,000 people. There were a total of 3,030 deaths. The largest daily new deaths was November 4, 2020 with 43 cases. June 10, 2020 had the highest number of people in quarantine with 172,266 people. October 23, 2020 had the highest number of active cases with 46,329 cases. By March 31, 2021, the percent of mortality was 1.1%, active infection was 0.5%, and recovery was 98.4%. Conclusion Nepal had lower COVID-19 infection and case-fatality rates compared to other countries most affected by the pandemic. This was due to several factors, most notably early implementation of strict lockdown measures and closing of international borders on March 24, 2020 after the second confirmed COVID-19 case. As lockdown restrictions were lifted on July 7, 2020, COVID-19 cases and deaths in Nepal rose rapidly. As vaccination begun on January 27, 2021, cases started to slow down until the most recent outbreak coinciding with the second wave in its neighboring country, India. Now, infection and case-fatality rates in Nepal are at an all-time high, prompting further lockdowns on April 29, 2021. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Maternal and child awareness about Covid -19 among pregnant women and their children with counseling during the pandemic to reduce Women and child infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Adel ◽  
Hesham Goudah ◽  
Hossam Elshenoufy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Living Children ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (covid 19) is a virus that affect the respiratory tract with a recently identified coronavirus emerged as a zoonotic virus that infect human. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the level of awareness between pregnant women about the corona virus and how to deal with the coming new born, their children and relatives and their level of knowledge about symptoms and methods of prevention and to counsel them how to prevent the spread of the disease and when to seek a medical advice for better maternal, neonatal and child health. Patients and methods: A prospective descriptive study was made in the period from 25 march to 25 May 2020, 324 multigravida pregnant women who have previous living children were included into this study, every pregnant woman was asked questions in a questionnaire form to assess the women awareness regarding symptoms of covid 19 and how to prevent themselves and their children and relatives from infection with corona virus. Results: The questionnaire that was made to women attending antenatal care clinic revealed a high degree of knowledge about symptoms of covid-19, with the highest level for dyspnea (98.5%) in between tem, wile for cough 97.5% of the women knows that cough is one of its symptoms, Also 95.4% of these ladies are aware that fever is one of the alarming criteria of the disease. Conclusion: Pregnant women included in the present study have a high level of awareness regarding covid-19 symptoms and how to avoid virus transmission. We tried to increase the level of awareness between Pregnant women and their children, so we made a thorough counseling to these pregnant ladies regarding crucial points to follow during the pandemic to prevent their exposure and their children exposure to infection, when to seek medical help and how to follow up their pregnancy during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its potential therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Alam Khan ◽  
Nazeem Ishrat Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

A series of acute and atypical serious respiratory illnesses were reported in December 2019 from Wuhan, a city of China. It spread to other places and became a global pandemic involving more than 200 countries of the world. Soon, it was discovered that this atypical respiratory illness was caused by a novel corona virus. It was named as the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease caused by it as corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). Since COVID-19 is a new viral disease, world is still struggling to find out a permanent remedy to control this serious health problem. It seems prudent to study or have a look on the pathophysiology of SARS CoV-2 in the light of available research. Further, a review on pathophysiology may give an insight on the potential therapeutic options. Being a new virus and having potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality in short span of time various approved drugs are being repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 430-432
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi C. Ghate ◽  
Swapnil Borage ◽  
Priyanka Shelotkar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an emerging disease with rapid increases in cases. COVID-19 is a single-stranded RNA virus which can produce diseases in Humans and Animals also. As COVID-19 is a developing health issue in the World, Experts also remain unsure whether pregnant women are having a higher risk of COVID-19 or not. The emergency of acute health care, it is particularly deadly in large populations and communities in which health care providers are insufficiently prepared to manage the COVID-19 infection. And cases have increased in other countries around the world day by day. It has increased the possibility of vertical transmission of the virus from the mother to the fetus—the WHO the total confirmed cases as of 12th April as 1,836,041. Total death 113,233and pregnant women having positive corona cases is 38, as of 1st April 2020. Partial suppression of the immune system in pregnancy can increase the chances of a viral infection such as flu (influenza) in pregnant women. World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that there is no specific evidence exists that pregnant women are more prone to severe COVID-19 symptoms than other general people. Physiologic and immunologic changes in pregnant women have systemic effects which in an increased risk of respiratory infections, various other changes like cardiovascular system, Respiratory system, increased heart rate and decreased lung capacity. Pregnant women become infected with two pathogenic corona virus infections, one as a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and other one is Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).

scholarly journals Pregnant women and corona virus disease-2019 outbreaks: What they need to know

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
SaurabhRamBihariLal Shrivastava ◽  
Prateek Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Corona Virus

Severe COVID-19 infection in a 32 weeks pregnant woman successfully treated with convalescent plasma therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Ashraful Hoque ◽  
Talukder Mohammad Al Amin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Women Experiences

From the beginning of corona virus disease 19(COVID-19) pandemic, there has been concern how to protect vulnerable group like pregnant women from severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Historically, pregnant women experiences increased mortality during any pandemic situation. Pregnant women show almost the similar clinical features as that of non-pregnant adults with COVID-19 infection. Different systematic reviews have begun to focus light on pregnancy outcomes in COVID-19 patients, but knowledge is very limited and still the basis is case series and individual experiences. Apart from the scientifically proven therapeutic options used in COVID-19 such as steroid, low molecular weight heparin, the role of convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) has never been evaluated. We present a case of a pregnant woman of 32 weeks of conception, treated with CPT with favourable outcome in a private hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 64-66

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