scholarly journals A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE IN NON-INSULIN DEPENDED DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ketan Prajapati ◽  
Ravi Surani ◽  
Samirdan Tapariya ◽  
M J Sonagara ◽  
U S Gediya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia. Several distinct types of DM are caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environmental factors. Depending on the aetiology of the DM, factors contributing to hyperglycaemia include reduced insulin secretion, decreased glucose utilization, and increased glucose production. The metabolic dysregulation associated with DM causes secondary pathophysiologic changes in multiple organ systems that impose a tremendous burden on the individual with diabetes and on the health care system.In India,DM is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD),nontraumatic lower extremity amputations,and adult blindness.It also predisposes to cardiovascular diseases. With an increasing incidence worldwide,DM will be likely a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the future. Methodology: This study conducted in medicine Dept. of C U Shah medical college, Surendranagar on patients (selected on basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria's). This study conducted between February 2018 to September 2019.This study was done after approval of THE INSTITUTIONAL ETHICS COMMITTEE (HUMAN RESEARCH) of C U Shah medical college,Surendranagar. Result:There is significant correlation between triglyceride level and diabetes mellitus.60% of diabetic patients have more than optimal levels. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia are highly prevalent in diabetic patients particularly more in poorly controlled diabetes.Lipid profile should be done annually in all diabetic patient. Out of 100 patients 34 have high LDL/HDL ratio which was proved statistically significant.

scholarly journals Retinopathy and Neuropathy in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease on Haemodialysis- A Hospital Based Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Nazneen Mahmood ◽  
Shaila Safia Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Neurological Manifestation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Bacground: Chronic renal failure is irreversible and progressive process that results in end stage renal disease (ESRD) where the patient has to be dependent on renal replacement therapy for survival. Retinopathy and neuropathy are often asymptomatic in their most treatable stage; delay in diagnosis can result in significant increase in the patient's risk of visual loss and disability. Ocular condition is also an indicator of the metabolic control of the disease process. This study is an attempt to access the ocular status/complications as well as neurological manifestation associated with end stage renal disease on haemodialysis.Methodology: This is a cross sectional descriptive type of observational study on patients of end stage renal disease getting haemodialysis in Medical College for Women and Hospital. Duration of study was 3 years from January 2011 to December 2013. This study is an attempt to access the ocular status/complications as well as neurological manifestation associated with end stage renal disease on haemodialysis.Result: Among 81 patients, 42 patients had hypertension (HTN) and 19 had diabetes mellitus (DM) and 20 had other causes of chronic kidney disease(CKD). In our study, out of 19 patients of diabetes mellitus, 73.68%(14) had diabetic retinopathy(DR) and 26.32%(5) had normal fundus. All the 42 patients had hypertensive retinopathy(HR). Regarding fundal examination of patients with hypertensive retinopathy(HR), 32.26% had gradel, and 17.74%, 43.55% and 6.45% were of grade ll, lll, lV respectively. It was found that non-proliferative changes in ocular fundal examination in diabetic patients were the commonest abnormality. On fundal examination of diabetic retinopathy (DR), 26.32% had normal fundus, 26.32% had dot and blot haemorrhages, 21.05% had hard exudates and cotton wool, 21.05% had new vascularization while 5.26% had retinal detachment.The following types of neuropathy were seen among our patients; 48.15% had symmetrical distal sensory motor polyneuropathy, 19.75% had a symmetrical polyneuropathy, 19.75% had mononeuropathy and cranial nerve palsies were detected in 12.35%.Conclusion: Detailed ocular and neurological examination should be undertaken in patients of end stage renal disease(ESRD) on maintenance haemodialysis(HD) for early diagnosis and treatment of the complications. Awareness is needed of the potential ocular and neurological complications of the disease process.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 6, No. 1: January 2015, Pages 14-19

Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Approaches for Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siska Darmayanti ◽  
Ronny Lesmana ◽  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Rizky Abdulah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Damage And Failure ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: There is a continuous rise in the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) worldwide and most patients are unaware of the presence of this chronic disease at the early stages. T2DM is associated with complications related to long-term damage and failure of multiple organ systems caused by vascular changes associated with glycated end products, oxidative stress, mild inflammation, and neovascularization. Among the most frequent complications of T2DM observed in about 20-40% of T2DM patients is Diabetes Nephropathy (DN). Method: Literature search was done in view of highlighting the novel application of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, as the new prospective strategy for predicting DN in T2DM patients. Results: The complexity of DN requires a comprehensive and unbiased approach to investigate the main causes of disease and identify the most important mechanisms underlying its development. With the help of evolving throughput technology, rapidly evolving information can now be applied to clinical practice. Discussion: DN is also the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and comorbidity independent of T2DM. In terms of the comorbidity level, DN has many phenotypes; therefore, timely diagnosis is required to prevent these complications. Currently, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are gold standards for assessing glomerular damage and changes in renal function. However, GFR estimation based on creatinine is limited to hyperfiltration status; therefore, this makes albuminuria and eGFR indicators less reliable for early-stage diagnosis of DN. Conclusion: The combination of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics assays as suitable biological systems that can provide new and deeper insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes, as well as to discover prospects for developing suitable and targeted interventions.

Alexithymic Characteristics of Bulimia Nervosa in Diabetes Mellitus with End-Stage Renal Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Fukunishi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

This study examined the clinical characteristics including stress-related factors of eating disorders in a sample of 312 diabetic patients with end-stage renal failure. The prevalence rate of bulimia nervosa was 5.1% (16 of 312 patients). The 16 patients with bulimia nervosa were 8 men and 8 women over 58 years old. Looking at the subjects by cause of end-stage renal failure, those with diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly higher prevalence rate of bulimia nervosa than two nondiabetic groups (diabetes 10%; nephritis 1.6%; others 1.9%). As for the association of bulimia nervosa and stress-related factors, end-stage renal failure patients with diabetes who exhibited bulimia nervosa showed significantly higher scores on a measure of alexithymia. These results suggest that, when liaison psychiatrists see diabetic patients with end-stage renal failure who exhibit bulimia nervosa, they should pay close attention to stress-related symptoms including alexithymia.

scholarly journals End stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis profiled epidemiologically at medical college of sub-Himalayan region of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Heart Damage ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Mostly, end organ damage becomes the reason for morbidity and mortality among patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) due their chronicity. Derangement of renal function along with brain and heart damage are considered to be a significant problem of NCDs. The objectives of this study were on this background of end stage renal disease (ESRD) as a common complication for common NCDs, present study was planned to study the distribution of responsible NCDs.Methods: Over three-year period, all the cases reported GFR <15ml/min/1.73m2 were studied.Results: Total 100 patients (male:65) were studied with mean age of 51.0±13.0 years. Diabetes mellitus (38.0%), hypertension (28.0%), and glomerulonephritis (16.0%) were three leading cause for ESRD. Idiopathic cause was observed among 12.0% patients. Fifteen percent patients could not survive.Conclusions: NCDs mainly diabetes mellitus and hypertension observed to be most common cause for ESRD.

scholarly journals Etiology of Renal Replacement Therapy in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Morovatdar ◽  
Gholamreza Tayebi Nasrabad ◽  
Konstantinos Tsarouhas ◽  
Ramin Rezaee
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Registry ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Introduction. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the most common life-threatening diseases. In the past two decades, several factors were held responsible as the cause of this condition. The present study aimed to determine the causes of ESRD in the province of Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2404 ESRD patients who referred to 39 hemodialysis centers in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran, and were registered in the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), between 2000 and December 2018. Sociodemographic data and causes of ESRD were extracted from data registry. Results. The mean age at onset of hemodialysis for 2404 patients was 52.8 ± 16.4 years, and 57.1% of the patients were male. Clinical profile of hypertension (28.3%) and diabetes mellitus (24.8%) were the most common known causes of ESRD in our patients. Hypertension was more prevalent in male patients compared with females (30 vs 25%, respectively) while diabetes was more prevalent in females compared with males (25.4 vs 24.4%, respectively), p=0.009. Educational level was significantly associated with the cause of ESRD (p<0.001). Age of onset of ESRD in hypertensive patients was significantly lower compared with diabetic patients (51.5 ± 16.3 vs 58.28 ± 12.9 years, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusions. In the current study, the most common causes of ESRD were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Primary prevention of hypertension and diabetes and proper treatment must be considered to reduce the burden of ESRD in Iran.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Patschan ◽  
G. A. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Glomerular Damage

Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases the overall morbidity and mortality, particularly by elevating the cardiovascular risk. The kidneys are severely affected as well, partly as a result of intrarenal athero- and arteriosclerosis but also due to noninflammatory glomerular damage (diabetic nephropathy). DM is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease in our society. Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a clinical and prognostic problem of fundamental importance since incidences have been increased in recent years while mortality has not substantially been improved. As a matter of fact, not many studies particularly addressed the topic “AKI in diabetes mellitus.” Aim of this article is to summarize AKI epidemiology and outcomes in DM and current recommendations on blood glucose control in the intensive care unit with regard to the risk for acquiring AKI, and finally several aspects related to postischemic microvasculopathy in AKI of diabetic patients shall be discussed. We intend to deal with this relevant topic, last but not least with regard to increasing incidences and prevalences of both disorders, AKI and DM.

scholarly journals Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Anesthetic Management in the Ambulatory Setting. Part 1: Pathophysiology and Associated Disease States

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryant W. Cornelius
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Ambulatory Setting ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ambulatory Anesthesia ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the general population has many implications for the ambulatory anesthesia provider. Complications, particularly associated with poor glycemic control, can affect multiple organ systems and jeopardize the safety of any planned anesthetic. It is essential that anesthesiologists and sedation providers have in-depth knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and the comorbid conditions that commonly accompany it. Anesthesiologists and sedation providers must also understand certain surgical and anesthetic considerations when planning an effective and safe anesthetic for diabetic patients. This is a 2-part series concerning perioperative glycemic control for patients with diabetes mellitus. Part 1 will focus on the physiology of diabetes and its associated disease states. Part 2 will address the pharmacology associated with the wide variety of medications used to treat the disorder and the most recent guidelines for blood glucose management in ambulatory surgical patients.

STUDY OF ANAEMIA & IRON PROFILE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE DIALYSIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Sandeep Chavda ◽  
Shaila Shah ◽  
Jay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Iron Profile

Most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have anaemia, the cause of which is erythropoietin and iron deciency. Anaemia in patients on haemodialysis is associated with poor patient outcomes. Diabetes remains one of the predominant aetiologies of CKD all over the world. The study was undertaken to study the iron prole in haemodialyzed patients and its corelation with diabetes mellitus. Sixty-six patients were enrolled in the study with the aim to study the prevalence of anaemia and diabetes in haemodialyzed patients as well as the iron prole in these patients. Patients were studied as a single group as well as divided into two groups, a non-diabetic group comprising of 36 patients and a diabetic group comprising of 30 patients. Anaemia was found to be prevalent in 56(84.84%) patients out of which 28(50%) were diabetics. Also, diabetics comprised of 45.45% of the study group. Various parameters like haemoglobin with blood indices and iron prole was studied and compared in both groups. There was no signicant difference in the various parameters in both groups except a signicantly low MCH and MCHC and signicantly high ferritin levels in the diabetic group. We concluded that the low MCH and MCHC might be suggestive of an increased cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients while higher levels of serum ferritin may suggest sub-clinical inammation rather than iron overload. In conclusion diabetes remains to be the single most important aetiology for the causation of end stage renal disease and appropriate management of anaemia in terms of EPO and iron therapy remains the mainstay of therapy in haemodialyzed patients.

A study on evaluating blood urea and serum creatinine in diabetes mellitus patients

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
S L V Sankeerthi C H ◽  
Sai Ravi Kiran Biri ◽  
Sandhya Rani T ◽  
Rajkumar Gundu ◽  
Aravind Vadlakonda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Ideal

Diabetes is one of the leading causes for end stage renal disease and nephropathy. Increases of blood urea and serum creatinine are due to abnormal renal function and also reduction in glomerular filtration rate. So, Urea and Creatinine are the ideal biomarkers to correlate the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Aim of the study is to evaluate the blood urea & serum creatinine with HbA1C in Diabetes mellitus patients.: A total of 50 cases and 30 controls were selected in our study. Blood samples were collected for blood urea, serum creatinine, HbA1C, Fasting plasma glucose and Post prandial blood sugar with age limit of 35-65 years. Mean ±SD was calculated for all these parameters. Blood urea and Serum creatinine are statistically significant in Diabetic patients when compared to the controls.Our study shows that blood urea and serum creatinine can be used as biomarkers in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy. These parameters help in reducing the severity of renal failure.

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