scholarly journals Is Growth Immiserizing in Nigeria?

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musibau Adetunji Babatunde ◽  
T. Ademola Oyejidee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Simple Point ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Resource Misallocation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Employment Elasticity ◽  
Household Incomes

Nigeria has experienced quite significant growth over the past one decade, but the incidence of poverty has also increased suggesting that the growth is immiserizing. The immiserizing nature of the growth was supported by the estimates from the growth elasticity of poverty, the employment elasticity of growth and the quality of the growth spells. The determinants of immiserizing growth cut across economic, social, political and institutional factors that include dysfunctional behaviour, structure of the economy, rising inequality and resource misallocation. However, this does not imply that, at the margin, economic growth is not beneficial to the poor. The simple point is that there are many other factors other than economic growth that help explain the weak or missing linkages between macro-economic growth and household incomes. Domestic policies are necessary to reduce the various constraints inherent in the economy that makes growth immiserizing.

scholarly journals Identification of strategies for enhancing member commitment in Greek agricultural cooperatives: The opinion of cooperative experts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e3777
Author(s):  
Tilemachos Manousakis ◽  
Panagiota Sergaki ◽  
Gert Van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Member Commitment ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Poor Management

In the era of globalization, where competition is growing intensively, the cooperation between small scale farmers can assist them to be sustainable and survive. However, the situation with cooperatives in Greece is found to be on a downward trend due to their poor economic performance, which is later expressed by the diminished commitment of their members. In order to address the described problem we employed a qualitative study consisted of 10 guided interviewees with “cooperative experts”. Through the interviews the participants were asked to clarify their opinions on two major themes: 1) Common Greek cooperative issues, and 2) Suggestions on strategies employed by cooperatives to enhance members’ commitment. Through our analysis we identified the issues related to the poor management of the cooperatives of the past as the major problems of cooperative in Greece. Regarding the strategies for enhancing commitment of members, the majority of participants highlighted the importance of improving the communication and quality of information provided by the coop to its members for building strong bond of trust and ultimately enhancing their commitment. Although, the improvement of communication takes time and requires consistent effort. Hence, cooperatives may act on employing the appropriate experts in order to improve their process of production and marketing. Strengthening the levels of expertise in the economic activities of the cooperative may assist on the satisfaction of members and enhance their commitment to the coop.

Evolution of the Structure of the American Economy

2005 ◽  
pp. 84-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Porokhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Economy

The author pays special attention to the USA leading positions in the world economy. The basic significance of traditional industries, first of all manufacturing, in the structure of the American economy and its evolution are underlined. The article analyzes in detail the increasing role of services including finance. Information technologies create new economic structure and new quality of economic growth. A reader learns from the article about sustainable reproduction role of business cycle in the past and present.

The Impact of Universal Suffrage: A Comparison of Popular and Property Voting

1967 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth N. Vines ◽  
Henry Robert Glick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Crucial Element ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Universal Suffrage ◽  
The Impact

The attainment of universal suffrage over various forms of voting restrictions has been one of the major accomplishments in the development of modern democratic institutions. Struggles for the vote have had to overcome restrictions based on factors such as sex, race and tenure of property. While gaps in the exercise of the franchise still remain, formal restrictions on voting in the United States have been largely removed.However, an important question, largely uninvestigated, concerns the “costs” of the universal franchise in terms of the quality of government and its impact upon policy decisions. Do the disadvantages of universal suffrage offset advantages said to be gained, particularly in Western nations, such as increased legitimization of decisions and stability of regimes? Many of the past and present opponents of the extension of voting have argued that the poor results to be expected from the impact of universal suffrage far outweigh the advantages. Clearly, the problem of “costs” is important, for it is a crucial element in the argument over democracy and the vote.

Environmental quality: impact of economic growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Quality Attribute ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Regulatory Measure

AbstractUsing a vertically differentiated product model, the paper aims to investigate the effects of economic growth on market provision of product quality. The quality attribute considered is the environmental friendliness of products. Economic growth is modeled as a shift in income distribution. It shows that the effect of economic growth depends on the form it takes. A growth in income that is uniform across consumers improves the cleanup levels adopted by both firms. However, a growth in income that is accompanied by changes in income inequality may result in the lowering of one of the two qualities. More specifically, if the growth in income is accompanied by increased disparities in income distribution, the quality of the (environmentally) inferior variant is reduced. This has serious implications for the poor consumers if the product has safety or health hazards. The paper suggests a regulatory measure to prevent such deterioration in the quality of the inferior variant.

scholarly journals The Vietnamese financial economy: reforms and development, 1986-2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sustainable Fashion ◽  
Financial Economy

In an age of reform, Vietnam’s financial systems have come to a critical stage in which the quality of policy-making, independence of the central banking operations and over-risk controls will ultimately be required if the country is set to move forward in a sustainable fashion. Analysts may have different views about Vietnam’s financial economy, but all agree that it has evolved and grown fast over the past three decades. The next course of development will depend on how Vietnamese society views raison d’être of its financial systems and financial health. But the process will much depend on the economic growth of the economy as a whole. Failing to support a sustained growth puts VFS’s existence at risk as economic growth helps mitigate higher risk-taking behavior and contain instability in less competitive markets.

scholarly journals Prosedur Pelatihan Kerja Karyawan Dalam Membangun Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Pada Perusahaan Jasa Cataliz Research Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Windry Setyaning Warsito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure

The purpose of this research is to know employee job training procedure to build quality of human resources in increasing economic growth at service company Cataliz Research Jakarta. Subjects in this study were Manager, HRD staff and SPV Project at Cataliz Research Jakarta office. With the number of informants three people with details of one manager, one HRD staff and one SPV Project. This study uses a descriptive research approach using a qualitative approach. The results of this study have a significant relationship between employee job training to build the quality of human resources in improving economic growth where employees can have an income that will impact on the reduction of unemployment and improve the country's economic growth because of the methodology used by the WEF to determine the competitiveness index of a particular State in ASEAN is the first, basic requirements such as institutional, infrastructure, macroeconomic conditions (stability) and the level of education and public health. Second, factors that can improve economic efficiency or productivity such as higher education and training to improve the quality of human resources need a training strategy to increase worker productivity. If worker productivity increases, then economic growth will increase. On the other hand, a rise in productivity is defined as an increase income. So it is always assumed that the benefits of an aggregate increase in education will be greater for the poor. Thus, if the level of productivity increases, then the income of the poor will also grow faster and eventually the inequality will shrink.

Manpower, Education, and Economic Growth

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Notable Feature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Rate

PERHAPS the most notable feature of the literature of economic development and planning over the past decade has been the discovery—or the belated rediscovery—that capital investment is not the sole source of economic growth; that the quality of the labour force is intimately connected with the (potential) rate of economic growth; that this quality is based on, and can be affected by, the education that members of the labour force received; and that consequently manpower and educational planning is a necessary part of over-all economic planning. Indeed so thoroughly has this new orthodoxy been accepted that some countries now have manpower and educational plans even though they may have no over-all development plan worth speaking of.

Comparative analysis of costs of some selected infrastructure components across Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Chinganya ◽  
Abdoulaye Adam ◽  
Marc Kouakou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Cost

The economic growth and development of a country depend on a solid infrastructure and the robustness of systems that have been put in place. Together, these constitute a nation’s “engine of growth” and include housing, water, electricity, transportation, communication, and construction. It is postulated that the cost of doing business in Africa is much higher than in other regions, largely because of the poor quality of its infrastructure and to accessibility constraints. The distribution of price levels of these economic drivers, which contribute to the cost of doing business in Africa. Price level indices (PLIs) have been calculated to provide a comparison of the cost of selected infrastructure components across African countries. The data were collected from the 2005 round of the International Comparison Program (ICP) in Africa, covering 48 out of a total of 52 countries and 22 major aggregates of the national accounts.

scholarly journals CCD Astrometry of the Solar System

1997 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
J.-E. Arlot ◽  
F. Colas
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Star Catalogue ◽  
Small Fields ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Guide Star

Astrometry in the solar system made more progress during the past ten years than it did during the seven or eight decades before. In fact, the development of large refractors with micrometers, and after the improvement of the photographic technique, allowed one to get very accurate positions at the end of the 19th century. After that, relatively little progress was made. Astronomers faced several difficulties: first, was the poor sensitivity of the photographic plates leading to long exposures and therefore to low accuracy for faint objects; second, was the poor quality of the catalogues of stars which depended upon a very small number of available astrometric reference stars.New receptors appeared around the 1950, such as electronic cameras or T.V. tubes. But, most of these new receptors were not interesting for astrometry, mainly because of the field of view – which was too small – and of the difficulty of using such receptors. However, the development of a new technique based upon the CCD targets changed most of the astrometric observational programs. In fact, CCD receptors were made for small fields, but the CCDs were easy to use; the images were numerical, allowing processing by computers, and the sensitivity was much more important. Because of that, the accuracy increased and relative astrometry was developed. The recent development of new catalogues, such as the Guide Star Catalogue and Tycho, permits astronomers to reduce small fields, which was not possible earlier.

scholarly journals Growing Fat on Reform: Obesity and Nutritional Disparities among China's Children, 1979–2005

2014 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 1033-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
School Age ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chinese School ◽  
Household Incomes

AbstractEconomic growth over the past three decades has greatly improved the nutrition and living standards of people in China. However, increasingly, the Chinese are becoming heavier. As many as a quarter of Chinese school-age urban boys are overweight or obese, yet a third of Chinese children remain underweight. Drawing on six national surveys of children's health conducted since 1979, the article reports on trends in nutritional status and regional disparities. It shows that the drivers behind the increase in mean body mass and in nutritional inequality are associated with rising household incomes and associated inequalities between provinces.

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