scholarly journals Rekognisi dan Reposisi Aktor dalam Asimilasi Hukum Lama di Nagari (Baru) Sumatera Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Aulia Rahmat

Nagari as a system of local wisdom that lives in the Minangkabau society has a long way in it relation to national law and international values, especially in the era of transnationalization of law. The regulations have been always led to a shifted the structure and function of the customary government structure in Minangkabau. This article is an evaluation of existing Nagari Government regulations in West Sumatra. The paradigm used is constructivist with a socio-legal approach. The result indicate that there is a shift in the order, structure, and function of cultural actors in society in the established local laws. The formation of local laws regarding Nagari as a response to the opportunities provided by the Village Law reaffirms the independence of the nagari through the existence of the Adat Salingka Nagari. The discussion to results leads to the use of the old legal assimilation in the legislation of Nagari Regulation has not succeeded to present a representative local law in protecting local wisdom in West Sumatra. So it is deemed necessary to minimize the state's domination of the people's needs in creating a balanced and comprehensive democracy.

Author(s):  
Yana Syafriyana Hijri ◽  
Wahyudi Kurniawan ◽  
Yusuf Adam Hilman

Abstract Disaster management (DM) gets a new dimension with the ratification of Law No. 24 (2007) on disaster management followed some related rules. DM as an thorough effort is started by disaster risk reduction, emergency, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Based on the authority, DM needs to be in a comprehensive policy level ranging from national, regional, up to the village scope as a front guard of the government, though DM is not only the responsibility of government, where the people have to also actively participate. Pujiharjo Village, Tirtoyudo District, Malang, is one of villages potentially affected by natural disasters, ranging from erosion and flooding. This village as the smallest government unit interacting with the community, has policies that are poured into village regulations (Perdes) about the disaster management with local knowledge to reduce disaster risk. Thus, the community is expected to be tougher because they can anticipate and minimize the disaster risk by breakthrough adaptation, ability to handle and keep the structure, and function certain basic in times of disasters. Even if affected by any disaster, they would quickly rebuild into normal or at least can independently recover. Desa Tangguh (Tough Village) as a national program of BNPB, can also act as the responsibility of a government against people in the disaster management.  Keyword : Disaster Management, Regulations, Village       Abstrak   Penanggulangan bencana (PB) mendapat dimensi baru dengan diterbitkannya UU No. 24 (2007) tentang penanggulangan bencana yang diikuti beberapa aturan terkait. PB sebagai upaya menyeluruh dan proaktif dimulai dari pengurangan risiko bencana, tanggap darurat, rehabilitasi, dan rekonstruksi. Berdasarkan kewenangannya, PB perlu memiliki kebijakan komprehensif mulai dari tingkat nasional, regional, hingga ruang lingkup desa sebagai ujung tombak pemerintahan, meski PB bukan hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah, di mana rakyat juga harus ikut aktif. Desa Pujiharjo, Kecamatan Tirtoyudo, Malang, adalah salah satu desa yang berpotensi terkena bencana alam, mulai dari erosi hingga banjir. Desa ini sebagai unit pemerintah terkecil yang berinteraksi dengan masyarakat, memiliki kebijakan yang dituangkan ke dalam peraturan desa (Perdes) tentang manajemen bencana dengan pengetahuan lokal untuk mengurangi risiko bencana. Dengan demikian, masyarakat diharapkan lebih tangguh karena mereka dapat mengantisipasi dan meminimalkan risiko bencana dengan melakukan terobosan adaptasi, kemampuan menangani dan menjaga struktur, dan fungsi dasar tertentu pada saat bencana. Bahkan jika terdampak bencana, mereka akan dengan cepat membangun kembali hingga normal atau setidaknya dapat pulih secara mandiri. Desa Tangguh sebagai program nasional BNPB, juga dapat berperan sebagai tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap masyarakat dalam manajemen bencana.  Kata kunci: Penanggulangan Bencana, Paraturan, Desa


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Faula Ismi ◽  
Ermanto Ermanto

This study  aimed to determine the structure and social function of folklore legend naming Batunabontar Batang Natal district Mandailing Natal district. The method used in this research was descriptive method. The data source of this research was the people who inhabit Batunabontar village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The instrument used in this study was the researcher himself and the informant based on the understanding of the structure and social function of the naming legend of a place. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation by observation and to strengthen the data obtained, direct interviews were carried out to the authorities in research on the Social Structure and Function of the Legend of the Naming of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The results of this study indicate that the Social Structure and Function of Naming Legend of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District has a unique history and structure and function in the village. The uniqueness of this Batunabontar makes the writer want to know the importance of the structure and function of the Batunabontar in Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Revika Revika ◽  
Yenni Hayati

The purpose of this study is to determine the categories, structure, and functions of folklore in the MuaroPaitiNagari community. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The results showed that of the 12 folklore found in the Nagari community of MuaroPaiti, there are myths, myths, and fairy tales. The structure of folklore in the village of MuaroPaiti includes plot/plot, character/character, setting, language style, and theme. Meanwhile, the function contained in the folklore of the MuaroPaitiNagari community is as entertainment, projection systems, equipment validating institutions and cultural institutions, and educational tools.


Author(s):  
Anita Lubis ◽  
Muhammad Arif Nasution ◽  
Heri Kusmanto

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><h1>The village is the smallest area in the Indonesian government structure that currently has a significant role and function in every social activity, both in the political, social, economic and legal contexts. The purpose of this study is to explain how the role of the village head and village apparatus in the implementation of regional head elections. This research uses a qualitative method with case studies. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with village heads, village officials, community leaders, and also through literature studies. This study draws the conclusion that the role of the village head is very important in the implementation of regional head elections, particularly in relation to increasing the number of participation and managing potential conflicts in the community in the contestation of the campaign by the campaign team even though the election was carried out by only one pair of candidates against the empty box. The campaign will still be carried out by the winning team of candidates, at the same time the process of socialization and the program to increase voter turnout will also continue to be carried out by village officials in collaboration with election commision.</h1></td></tr></tbody></table>


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Atika Batubara ◽  
Nurizzati Nurizzati

This study  aimed to determine the structure and social function of folklore legend naming Batunabontar Batang Natal district Mandailing Natal district. The method used in this research was descriptive method. The data source of this research was the people who inhabit Batunabontar village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The instrument used in this study was the researcher himself and the informant based on the understanding of the structure and social function of the naming legend of a place. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation by observation and to strengthen the data obtained, direct interviews were carried out to the authorities in research on the Social Structure and Function of the Legend of the Naming of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The results of this study indicate that the Social Structure and Function of Naming Legend of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District has a unique history and structure and function in the village. The uniqueness of this Batunabontar makes the writer want to know the importance of the structure and function of the Batunabontar in Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency.  


Author(s):  
Peter Sterling

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.


Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.


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