CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF THE DEVELOPED PROTOCOL FOR THE POSTOPERATIVE INTRODUCTION OF THE EXTRACTED TOOTH SOCKET IN A COMPARATIVE ASPECT

Author(s):  
Нахид Тофик-оглы Алиев ◽  
Наталия Владимировна Чиркова ◽  
Елена А. Лещева ◽  
Наталия Геннадьевна Деревнина ◽  
Сергей Владимирович Мушенко

Операции удаления зубов это травматическое повреждение тканей, ведущее к ответной реакции организма общего и местного генеза. Организм каждого пациента индивидуален и это отражается в огромном количестве вариантов течения регенерации и репарации, что сказывается на затруднении в предсказании результата планируемого лечения. Предупредить возникновение послеоперационных осложнений возможно при соблюдении ряда основных принципов. Для необходимого восстановления тканей операционной поверхности нужно воссоздать условия для ее первичного заживления. Анализ состояния пациентов после проведения операционного вмешательства, а именно изучение температурной реакции, реакции со стороны периферической крови, исследование гидротопического отека, болевого синдрома, постинъекционной контрактуры жевательных мышц, несомненно, влияет на принятие правильного решения о повторном вмешательстве или внесении изменений в состав поддерживающей терапии. Исследования, которые были направлены на изучение раневого процесса в лунках удаленных зубов, а также совершенствование их послеоперационного ведения, достаточно продолжительно проводятся во всем мире. Задача изучения выбора протокола послеоперационного ведения лунки, необходимого для той или иной клинической ситуации до настоящего времени практически не решена. В статье представлены исследования, которые были направлены на изучение раневого процесса в лунках удаленных зубов, а также совершенствование их послеоперационного ведения. Применен разработанный протокол послеоперационного ведения лунки удаленного зуба в зависимости от клинической ситуации; в основе протокола включены замена классических коллагеновых гемостатических губок на желатиновые губки, импрегнированные 5%-м коллоидным серебром «Gelatamp» Dental extraction surgery is a traumatic tissue injury leading to a response of the body of general and local origin. The body of each patient is individual and this is reflected in a huge number of options for the course of regeneration and repair, which affects the difficulty in predicting the outcome of the planned treatment. Prevent the occurrence of postoperative complications is possible subject to a number of basic principles. For the necessary restoration of tissues of the operating surface, it is necessary to recreate the conditions for its primary healing. The analysis of the patient's condition after surgery, namely the study of the temperature reaction, the reaction from the peripheral blood, the study of hydrotopic edema, pain, post-injection contracture of the masticatory muscles, undoubtedly affects the adoption of the correct decision about re-intervention or making changes to the composition of maintenance therapy. Studies that were aimed at studying the wound process in the wells of extracted teeth, as well as improving their postoperative management, have been conducted for quite a long time all over the world. In this regard, the task of studying the choice of the protocol for postoperative maintenance of the hole required for a particular clinical situation has not yet been practically solved. The article presents studies that were aimed at studying the wound process in the wells of extracted teeth, as well as improving their postoperative management. The developed protocol of postoperative management of the extracted tooth socket was applied depending on the clinical situation; the protocol is based on the replacement of classical collagen hemostatic sponges with gelatin sponges impregnated with 5% gelatamp colloidal silver

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Emad Hazim Mhmood

Tramadol may lead to the accumulation of toxic components in the body. This study aims to detect the toxic effect of tramadol on brain tissues. The clinical experiment was carried out at the Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Sina Hospital. Ten rats of both sex weighing (180-300 g) were selected from the veterinary house. Brain tissues were immediately removed and put into 10% neutral buffer formalin for fixation, then stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain. A significant decrease in the brain weight in rats when given the tramadol in dose 50 mg/ kg. Changes included a mild degree of tissue injury in the cerebral cortex, increase in vacuolar degeneration, with atrophy and degeneration of neurons. There are toxic effects when tramadol describes for a long time on the brain tissues.


1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
R. Rohrich ◽  
P. B. Fodor ◽  
J. J. Petry ◽  
P. Vash

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pires Miranda

Resumo O osso é um tecido conjuntivo especializado, vascularizado e dinâmico que se modifica ao longo do organismo. Quando lesado, possui uma capacidade única de regeneração e reparação sem a presença de cicatrizes, mas em algumas situações devido tamanho do defeito ósseo não se regenera por completo. Assim, se faz necessária a realização de procedimentos de regeneração óssea guiada. Para isso, o implantodontista deve conhecer as bases biológicas da regeneração óssea guiada alveolar e suas indicações. Nesta revisão foram abordadas indicações, vantagens e tipos de biomateriais utilizados para preenchimento do alvéolo dentário imediatamente após a extração dentária sempre que o objetivo for à reabilitação através da instalação de implantes. Mesmo este, biomateriais, apresentando inúmeras qualidades, estudos ainda devem ser feitos a fim de obter a cada dia, um material sintético compatível com o tecido ósseo perdido em quantidades adequadas sem necessitar de cirurgias extra-bucais.ABSTRACT Bone is a specialized vascularized connective tissue that dynamic changes throughout the body. When injured, it has a unique ability to regenerate and repair without the presence of scars, but in some situations due to size of the bone defect does not regenerate completely. Thus, it is necessary to perform guided bone regeneration procedures. For this, the implant dentistry must know the biological bases of alveolar guided bone regeneration and its indications. In this review were addressed indications, advantages and types of biomaterials used for filling the tooth socket immediately after the tooth extraction whenever the goal is rehabilitation through implants installation. Even this, biomaterials, having several qualities, further studies must be done to obtain each day, a synthetic material compatible with the bone tissue lost in proper amounts without the need of extra-oral surgery.


Author(s):  
Robert Laumbach ◽  
Michael Gochfeld

This chapter describes the basic principles of toxicology and their application to occupational and environmental health. Topics covered include pathways that toxic substances may take from sources in the environment to molecular targets in the cells of the body where toxic effects occur. These pathways include routes of exposure, absorption into the body, distribution to organs and tissues, metabolism, storage, and excretion. The various types of toxicological endpoints are discussed, along with the concepts of dose-response relationships, threshold doses, and the basis of interindividual differences and interspecies differences in response to exposure to toxic substances. The diversity of cellular and molecular mechanisms of toxicity, including enzyme induction and inhibition, oxidative stress, mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and teratogenesis, are discussed and the chapter concludes with examples of practical applications in clinical evaluation and in toxicity testing.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Dolinina ◽  
Elena V. Parfenyuk

Powerful antioxidant α-lipoic acid (LA) exhibits limited therapeutic efficiency due to its pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the ability of silica-based composites of LA as well as its amide (lipoamide, LM), as new oral drug formulations, to control their release and maintain their therapeutic concentration and antioxidant activity in the body over a long time. The composites synthesized at different sol–gel synthesis pH and based on silica matrixes with various surface chemistry were investigated. The release behavior of the composites in media mimicking pH of digestive fluids (pH 1.6, 6.8, and 7.4) was revealed. The effects of chemical structure of the antioxidants, synthesis pH, surface chemistry of the silica matrixes in the composites as well as the pH of release medium on kinetic parameters of the drug release and mechanisms of the process were discussed. The comparative analysis of the obtained data allowed the determination of the most promising composites. Using these composites, modeling of the release process of the antioxidants in accordance with transit conditions of the drugs in stomach, proximal, and distal parts of small intestine and colon was carried out. The composites exhibited the release close to the zero order kinetics and maintained the therapeutic concentration of the drugs and antioxidant effect in all parts of the intestine for up to 24 h. The obtained results showed that encapsulation of LA and LM in the silica matrixes is a promising way to improve their bioavailability and antioxidant activity.


Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Morozkina ◽  
Thi Hong Nhung Vu ◽  
Yuliya E. Generalova ◽  
Petr P. Snetkov ◽  
Mayya V. Uspenskaya

For a long time, the pharmaceutical industry focused on natural biologically active molecules due to their unique properties, availability and significantly less side-effects. Mangiferin is a naturally occurring C-glucosylxantone that has substantial potential for the treatment of various diseases thanks to its numerous biological activities. Many research studies have proven that mangiferin possesses antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular, neuroprotective properties and it also increases immunity. It is especially important that it has no toxicity. However, mangiferin is not being currently applied to clinical use because its oral bioavailability as well as its absorption in the body are too low. To improve the solubility, enhance the biological action and bioavailability, mangiferin integrated polymer systems have been developed. In this paper, we review molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer action as well as a number of designed polymer-mangiferin systems. Taking together, mangiferin is a very promising anti-cancer molecule with excellent properties and the absence of toxicity.


Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Futoshi Okada ◽  
Runa Izutsu ◽  
Keisuke Goto ◽  
Mitsuhiko Osaki

Inflammation-related carcinogenesis has long been known as one of the carcinogenesis patterns in humans. Common carcinogenic factors are inflammation caused by infection with pathogens or the uptake of foreign substances from the environment into the body. Inflammation-related carcinogenesis as a cause for cancer-related death worldwide accounts for approximately 20%, and the incidence varies widely by continent, country, and even region of the country and can be affected by economic status or development. Many novel approaches are currently available concerning the development of animal models to elucidate inflammation-related carcinogenesis. By learning from the oldest to the latest animal models for each organ, we sought to uncover the essential common causes of inflammation-related carcinogenesis. This review confirmed that a common etiology of organ-specific animal models that mimic human inflammation-related carcinogenesis is prolonged exudation of inflammatory cells. Genotoxicity or epigenetic modifications by inflammatory cells resulted in gene mutations or altered gene expression, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines/growth factors released from inflammatory cells promote cell proliferation and repair tissue injury, and inflammation serves as a “carcinogenic niche”, because these fundamental biological events are common to all types of carcinogenesis, not just inflammation-related carcinogenesis. Since clinical strategies are needed to prevent carcinogenesis, we propose the therapeutic apheresis of inflammatory cells as a means of eliminating fundamental cause of inflammation-related carcinogenesis.


1894 ◽  
Vol 54 (326-330) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  

For a long time I have adopted a process for separating the glycogen of the liver consisting in boiling with potash, pouring into alcohol, and collecting the precipitate. For the purpose of estimation, the precipitated glycogen was converted by means of sulphuric acid into glucose, the determination of which gave the information required. I afterwards applied the process to blood, and the various organs and tissues of the body, with the result that a more or less notable amount of cupric oxide reducing product was obtained, which I at the time looked upon as taking origin, as in the case of the liver, from glycogen.


2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-261
Author(s):  
O.G. Sukhovjova ◽  
◽  
I.A. Ivanova ◽  
N.A. Kalugina ◽  
E.S. Zholobova ◽  
...  

The purpose of this publication is to describe the CANDLE syndrome (its etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations) and present a clinical observation. CANDLE syndrome is a rare genetically inherited disease caused by impaired assembly by of the protease, which leads to the accumulation of abnormal (ubiquitinated) proteins in B-lymphocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages and some other cells of the body. As a result, an excessive activation of interferon synthesis occurs and a systemic inflammatory reaction develops with symptoms such as febrile fever, skin syndrome, represented by nodules and maculopapular rash, hepatosplenomegaly, lipodystrophy, amyotrophy, delayed physical development, as well as high laboratory activity. The article describes a clinical observation of a female patient with typical symptoms of CANDLE syndrome. However, due to the rarity of the disease and lack of publications describing it, it has not been possible to diagnose the child for a long time.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661
Author(s):  
Roshna Sukheoji Bhutada ◽  
Kritika Umate

The need of the day is a brisk lift to the resistant framework to keep it fit, battling today pandemic infections, for example, Covid — 19. One should get the right amount of nutrients from the diet, supplementation regimen to boost the immune system. These spices are always there to make tasty food as well as to protect the body from infectious diseases by building the immunity strong Ayurveda approaches to develop physiological reactions to facilitate immunity. Planning of diet is most important to boost immunity. As per many types of research to provide supplementary food which contains Zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin D and immunity boosting food such as dealing with plenty of spices for a very long time. These spices include some rare to very common spices which we can found near us. The concern is that these viral infections are very prone to attack weak immunity and take the chance to affect the country to the globe. So the very common spices available will be always helpful to get through this Regular use of a few spices in the very simple form proves its importance as a medicine. In this article a review of spices is done which we are available near us, we are using it in our daily life and we are getting the benefit of these which a common people might not be fully aware of about role of immunity building of the body. 


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