scholarly journals HISTORIC MEMORY IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATION STRUGGLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 360-366
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Historic Memory

The article considers the causes of actualization of the problem of preserving historical memory in modern society. The characteristics of categories "historical memory" and "historical consciousness" are given. The peculiarities and contradictions of formation historical memory, its function and importance in the conditions of information struggle are considered

scholarly journals Contemporary information social risks in the post-modern era

Upravlenie ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
L. V. Tcerkasevich ◽  
E. A. Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Depth Study

The article analyses the global social risks related to the expansion of information technologies, mass digitalisation, and the accessibility of sources of all information. The possibility of risky situations arising in different areas of society under postmodern conditions has been demonstrated. This is due to the massive spread of information and Internet technology, global changes in the structure of values of modern society, and the reassessment of a number of historical events and characters by some social groups. The focus is on the destruction of traditional mechanisms for transmitting social experience and memory and the transformation of perceptions of history through the use of virtual forms of communication. A different, own interpretation of historical events, the liberation of historical knowledge from politicisation and mythologisation can lead to risks of distortion of historical memory and even to conflicting situations of interpretation of the past. Case studies show that this, in turn, can lead to a set of risks in the economic sphere, for example: the risk of a situation of global redistribution of economic resources, the risk of losing the source of legitimacy of an economic resource, the risk of loss the reputation of a memory entity. These processes negatively affect social stability in society and distort the integrity of historical memory.Particular attention is paid to the topic of cognitive transformation risk related to the mass use of virtual media in the educational process. On the one hand, they are an effective teaching tool based on rapid search, transformation and storage of learning information. But, on the other hand, practice shows that knowledge loses its consistency and becomes “mosaic”, “clichéd”. The consequences of these processes are of a lasting nature and require further in-depth study by the scientific community, including psychologists, educators, and sociologists.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DEPICTION THE SECOND WORLD WAR EVENTS IN THE XXTH CENTURY RUSSIAN, AMERICAN AND HUNGARIAN PROSE (BASED ON THE NOVELS «LIFE AND FATE» BY VASILIY GROSSMAN, «FATELESSNESS» BY IMRE KERTÉSZ, «FROM HERE TO ETERNITY» BY JAMES JONES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 433-447
Author(s):  
Adalbert BARAN
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
James Jones ◽  
History Of ◽  
From Here To Eternity ◽  
Second World

The present article deals with the comparative analysis of the methodological bases of depicting the authenticity, features, and character of ideological-thematic reflection of the Second World War events on the pages of the novel by Russian writer Vasily Grossman (1905-1964) «Life and Fate» (1960), the masterpiece by the American novelist James Jones (1921-1977) «From here to eternity» (1953) and the work by the Hungarian novelist Imre Kertész (1929-2016) «Fatelessness» (1975). The novels' authors did not need to interpret historical events by other people's memories and strive for a documentary. The original document in the novels was the life and unique memory of the writers themselves, and not only in the sense of the artistic reproduction of the true sides of the survived and seen, but also in terms of serious thoughts about the relationship of the past with the present in their moral, social, philosophical and ethical aspects. The article highlights the events and circumstances that predetermined the formation of features of the writers' worldview and led to the writing of the novels on military topics. The novels «Life and Fate», «Fatelessness», and «From here to eternity» can be considered as deeply personal works by the writers who have not declared, magnified the events of the history in context, but through the image system of the novels deeply examined, analyzed their roots. The authors of the novels have shown the history of the 20th century not on the background of exaggerated, politically agitating, heroic pictures, but from the point of view of the true significance of historical events for modern society. Keywords: documentary, historical memory, regime, literary tradition, writer’s consciousness, historical concreteness.

scholarly journals The historical consciousness of student youth and evaluation of the events of the Great Patriotic War

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Sergei P. Kostrikov ◽  
Andrey A. Kolchin ◽  
Yuliya P. Nadekhina ◽  
Elena V. Kryukova ◽  
Stanislav S. Kostrikov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
First Year ◽  
State University ◽  
Historical Responsibility ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Historical Education ◽  
Second World

It is not the first year that the information space has been marked by trends in the revision of evaluations of the events of the Great Patriotic War. Student youth are actively and rapidly developing, adapting to the new social realities. That is why the issues of preserving historical memory and developing the historical consciousness of contemporary young people have become so relevant. The present work is based on the analysis of the survey results of the 1st and 2nd-year students conducted at the State University of Management (SUM, Moscow, Russia), and is a continuation of the research devoted to the evaluation of the end results of the Great Patriotic War in the perception of University students. An attempt was made to determine the level of students’ knowledge about the main facts of the Great Patriotic War. Within the framework of this study, the results of similar works by domestic and foreign authors were considered. As a rule, in Russia, the problem of awareness of the importance of the Great Patriotic War is emphasized in terms of its results, including the perception of these issues by student youth. At the same time, several foreign authors put forward the issue of reevaluating the results of the Second World War and make it with clear politicization of the proposed conclusions, primarily, in determining the historical responsibility for war unleashing. The authors of the present study propose to strengthen the role of archival documents, memoirs, chronicles, and testimonies of direct participants and victims of the wartime events in military-historical education, which should not allow distorting the historical feat of the USSR and its decisive contribution to the defeat of Nazi Germany.

scholarly journals Memory of the Students About the Great Patriotic War: Сommon and Special

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-330
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Ustinkin ◽  
◽  
Natalia M. Morozova ◽  
Pavel I. Kukonkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Young Students ◽  
State Educational

Changes in Russian society, happened in the last three decades, determine the contradictory process of socialization of the younger generation. The blurry of perceptions about the type of personality demanded by society and the state, in many ways, determines the chaotic process of forming the values of young people, which proceed under the influence of random and sometimes divergent factors. Changing objective living conditions in modern Russian society leads to a significant complication of social self-determination processes, the formation of the problematic identity of various youth groups. The authors of the article focused on identifying local-territorial and sociocultural features of the memory of the Great Patriotic War of the students of the large regional centers of the Volga Federal District. The dynamics of this process are analyzed on the basis of data obtained during the research of historical memory of students of Nizhny Novgorod region and cities of the Volga Federal District in 2005–2015. The Volga branch of FCTAS RAS and LUNN, as well as the all-Russian sociological study of the Russian society of sociologists in 2020. The authors of the article substantiate the conclusion that the structure of the historical memory of young students is very selective, often without sufficient justification fixes attention on some events and ignores others, contributing to the mythologization of historical consciousness, disorienting it and creating a favorable ground for the emergence and strengthening of social destruction. The authors’ conclusion is convincing that without special eff orts of society, the state, educational institutions aimed at forming the historical consciousness of young students, it is impossible to maintain the attitude to the Great Patriotic War, as a landmark event in world and national history.

scholarly journals Reception as a Unity of Cultural and Historical Memory, Oblivion, and Imagination

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (4–5) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
N.A. Tereshchenko ◽  
◽  
T.M. Shatunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
The University ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Outstanding Representative

This article is dedicated to the memory of Evgenii Aleksandrovich Chiglintsev, a brilliant historian, an outstanding representative of the university intelligentsia, and a wonderful comrade with the best human qualities. E.A. Chiglintsev’s works are interdisciplinary, useful for practically all humanities, and certainly important from the philosophical and socio-philosophical perspectives. The study aims to analyze and evaluate the phenomenon of cultural reception in the context of E.A. Chiglintsev’s writings. The main problematic field of the article is the meanings, boundaries, and prospects of the phenomenon of reception, which has become one of the main subjects of E.A. Chiglintsev’s research interest. E.A. Chiglintsev focused mostly on the universal meaning of reception, whereas this article also considers its historical backgrounds, as well as the possibilities and meanings of cultural and historical receptions in the modern culture and society. The research is relevant due to the practical need to develop an adequate attitude to the past in the modern society, i.e., because of the need to distinguish what and in what forms should be remembered, what and how to forget, how to take fire from the past, not ashes. Today, every person who considers himself or herself modern must constantly undergo the path of rethinking his or her historical past, and thus participate in the reception of past cultures. The conclusion is made about the historicity of reception, the classical forms of which are developing in the modern culture, about the problematic nature of this phenomenon in the postmodern culture. The problem of further development of the meaning of reception in the modern culture and its limits is posed.

scholarly journals Transformation of historical discourse and the problem of time

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Problem Of Time ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of historical discourse in modern writing of history and its relationship with the problem of historical time. The author shows that since the second half of the 20th century, the representation of the past has been gradually shifting from scientific historiography, as it was formed in the 19th century, to the memory studies. Unlike distancing from the past inherent in historical science, historical memory is characterized by emotional and existential tension, the involvement of the past in the present. This became possible not only as a result of the tragic events of the 20th century, but also due to changes in the temporal regime of modern society. The linear perception of time, peculiar to a modern man, is giving way to post-historical time characterized by non-linearity and reversibility, which makes it possible to actualize the past with the help of memorial policy. A change in the historical time perception gives rise to changes in the perception of the past and, as a result, leads to a transformation of historical discourse.

scholarly journals Exogenous factors of memory formation about the great soviet era in contemporary Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Larionov ◽  
Vardan Baghdasaryan ◽  
Sergey Fedorchenko ◽  
Eduard Shults
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
High Degree

This article is devoted to the analysis of exogenous factors in the formation of the historical memory of Russian society about the Soviet era. The author refers to those components of the Russian information and cultural space that are created and broadcast into the consciousness of Russian society with direct influence and interest of foreign entities external to Russia. On the basis of facts and texts, conclusions are made about the systematic and consistent nature of attempts to influence the historical memory of Russian society in order to radically transform Russian national-historical consciousness and a sense of historical identity. The diversity of such effects is also noted. Despite the long and cumulative nature of attempts at external influence on the Russian memorial culture and social memory, a high degree of stability of the collective memory of Russian society should be stated. Not least, this is achieved thanks to the thoughtful historical policy of the Russian state over the past 15-20 years.

The historical memory of Russians in sociological surveys: foundations, reality, problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-54
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Fadeev
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Science Study ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Future Vision

The publication presents an analysis of the materials of the surveys of the FCTAS RAS, the Interregional Social Science Study "The Future of Russia", the Levada Center and the Public Opinion Foundation for the last two decades, covering historical topics. The aim of the study was to identify the main characteristics of the historical consciousness and the state of the historical memory of Russians at present. Studies by sociological centres in recent years show that the historical knowledge of a large part of Russians is fragmentary, comes from different sources, and is not always correct. Many events and personalities are mixed up in consciousness, or even forgotten altogether. Moreover, this phenomenon refers not only to distant events in history, known exclusively from textbooks, but also to decades directly related to the person´s life. Choosing between various historical alternatives of the country's future vision, Russians to a greater extent are focused on neutral ideas of strengthening Russia's position in the external and internal arena, whilst the ideas of an “Orthodox state”, a turn towards Europe or Eurasianism do not find major support among the population. With major contribution by the authorities the Great Patriotic War at present is the main historical event, overshadowing all the others. At the same time, the constant emphasis on the war theme and on heroic moments, combined with the levelling of tragic ones, causes a distorted perception of the event among a part of the population. In addition, the interpretation of history (especially during the Great Patriotic War) becomes the arena of a "political war." Various political forces give their own interpretation of events, that can both confuse some citizens and, on the other hand, form irreconcilable ideological opponents. The memory of the war is becoming more and more mythologised as a consequence of the fact that its real participants are gradually passing away. In connection with all above, current and future generations will have to look for grains of truth in a highly politicised and sometimes deceptive information field. The correct perspective of raising the awareness of the Russian population, “clarifying historical consciousness” is seen in a multifaceted historical discourse with the participation of professional historians, openness to any discussion, and broader media coverage.

Common Belief and the Cultural Curriculum: An Intergenerational Study of Historical Consciousness

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Wineburg ◽  
Susan Mosborg ◽  
Dan Porat ◽  
Ariel Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Defining Moments ◽  
Intergenerational Study ◽  
Parents And Children

How is historical knowledge transmitted across generations? What is the role of schooling in that transmission? The authors address these questions by reporting on a thirty-month longitudinal study into how home, school, and larger society served as contexts for the development of historical consciousness among adolescents. Fifteen families drawn from three different school communities participated. By adopting an intergenerational approach, the authors sought to understand how the defining moments of one generation—its “lived history”—becomes the “available history” to the next. In this article, the authors focus on what parents and children shared about one of the most formative historical events in parents’ lives: the Vietnam War. Drawing on notions of collective memory, as articulated by the French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs, the authors sought to understand which stories, archived in historical memory and available to the disciplinary community, are remembered and used by those beyond its borders. In contrast, which stories are no longer widely shared, eclipsed by time’s passage and unable to cross the bridge separating generation from generation? The authors conclude by discussing the forces that act to historicize today’s youth and suggest how educators might marshal these forces—rather than spurning or simply ignoring them—to advance young people’s historical understanding.

scholarly journals Social reproduction of generations in the face of digital challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 10022
Author(s):  
Oleg Sirotkin ◽  
Raisa Chumicheva ◽  
Irina Kulikovskaya ◽  
Liudmila Kudinova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergenerational Ties

The article describes the global processes that are transforming the world (migration and integration processes, inclusive education, digitalization of education, socio-psychological gap between generations, etc.). Global tendencies have changed the social space of people's life - “cultural gaps”, “social bottom”, “spiritual crisis of parent-child relations and intergenerational ties”, etc. have appeared, as modern challenges of society, affecting the social reproduction of generations. The problem of social reproduction, the significance of which is associated with the need for the development of sociality, the construction of the social world in the event chronotope, has been actualized; preservation of the social and historical memory of the people, the self-identity of the national community, the “core” of the spiritual image of the nation, etc. A powerful challenge in modern society is digitalization, which has changed the forms of communication and social roles, created a new virtual space for self-presentation, self-expression, while the risk is the loss of cultural identity, blurring the lines between generations, etc. The article presents the mechanisms of integration of traditional and digital technologies of social reproduction of generations, the difference of which lies in the actualization of children's interest in the historical and cultural values of the people, in the organization of joint activities to create virtual historical museums, etc. Social reproduction of generations is a complex and long-term process, the success of which depends on the unity of activities in the professional, parenting and children's community.

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