scholarly journals PROCEDURES FOR PUBLIC CONTROL OF REPRESENTATIVE AUTHORITIES IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kuleshov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control Process ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Control ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Process Observation

In today's world, one of the indicators of the level of development of democracy is the level of organization and exercise of public control over public authorities. It should be noted that in Ukraine there is no special law, which establishes the law and determines the mechanism of exercising civil control over the activities of representative authorities, which significantly complicates the procedure for its implementation. Scholars consider the legal basis of public control in the context of legislative and regulatory acts, pointing out their imperfection and expediency of making changes. At the same time, there is no definition of public control in legal documents, and accordingly, the methodology of public control is not defined and therefore there are no methods of its implementation. In scientific and applied publications on the organization of public control of representative authorities in the context of decentralization, it is considered as a component of public participation. The aim of the article: to generalize and systematize foreign scientific and applied research on effective procedures for public control of representative authorities in comparison with the domestic practice. The object of research: implementation of the procedure for public control of representative authorities in foreign countries and in Ukraine. The research methodology: review of foreign and Ukrainian literary sources on the implementation of the procedure for public control of representative authorities in the world and in Ukrainian practice. The obtained results: an analysis of the procedures for public control of representative bodies of power in the countries of the world demonstrates the diversity of approaches to its implementation; forms of public control are enshrined in legal norms and are reflected in the legislation in the form of governmental documents, programs, strategies, standards, or are effectively used without governmental support through e-platforms, panels, etc. As for the Ukrainian scientists, there is no established opinion about the procedures for public control: some identify them with forms of control, others - with the conditions of its effectiveness, some authors place components (stages) of the control process (observation, evaluation, analysis, forecasting) as its methods. The practical significance: adoption of a special law will enable to define general principles of the procedure for public control of representative authorities, and a clear definition will make it possible to determine the nature and set of forms and methods for its implementation.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF PREVENTION CORRUPTION

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention Measures ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Control ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Ethical Education ◽  
Program Strategy ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Corruption Prevention

All countries of the world, without any exception, are concerned about the existence and the proliferation of such a destructive phenomenon as corruption, which harms the activities of public authorities, weighed down the economy and distorts society's consciousness. In this context, each country introduces its own anti-corruption program, strategy or conducts appropriate policies. In this article, the corruption prevention measures applied by individual foreign countries are considered directly in order to ascertain the possibility of borrowing such experience for Ukraine. The article analyzes the anti-corruption activities of three countries - Finland, Denmark and Sweden. This choice is due to the low level of corruption in the proposed countries. Analyzed the experience of Finland, Denmark and Sweden, we made conclusion that the measures of prevention of corruption implemented in the studied countries, in the majority, coincide with the anti-corruption’s measures in Ukraine. Such measures include, inter alia, the adoption of anti-corruption legislation, the ratification of international treaties, the introduction of public control, the establishment of stricter penalties for the commission of corrupt acts, etc. However, in the studied countries there is a certain feature that decrease the level of corruption - this is the openness of the activities of authority, moral and psychological citizens' denial of corruption , increased transparency and facilitating the involvement of population to the implementation of anti-corruption measures, namely using a number of ethical (for employees) and moral (for the whole of society) principles that stop citizens to commit corruption's acts. It could also be concluded one of the priority basic can influence the reduction of corruption is citizens’ moral and ethical education which Ukraine should strive for.

scholarly journals UKRAINE TRANSPORT COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT MAIN ASPECTS ACCORDING TO THE INTEGRATION CRITERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Kateryna Kuzmenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transport System ◽  
System Integration ◽  
System Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Potential

The transport system is one of the basic spheres of the economy, the stable and efficient functioning of which provides the necessary conditions for national security and economy, increasing living standards of the population, as well as it also provides revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine. Maritime transport has paramount importance for the foreign international economic relations.The national transport system development level is one of the most important sign for its technological progress.The transport system becomes the basis for Ukraine's effective entrance into the world community.At the same time the world economy development is characterized by processes of globalization and regionalization. Based on this facts, the object of research is the process of the maritime complex components development according to the criteria of effective positioning in the transport system integration processes.The aim of the investigation is to improve the efficiency of maritime transport integration technologies using, as well as to develop recommendations for the strategic approaches formation to the maritime transport potential components development. Special attention is paid to the main trends in integration processes and multimodal technologies.The study proved that for Ukraine, which economy depends on effective participation in the international labor division, the problem solving of country's maritime potential developing as a factor of its economic growth is extremely important.The need to recover transport potential requires from Ukraine to do some points such as to create its own strategy for the national transport network development, to building infrastructure, to replenish country's fleet and to attract new transit cargo flows.The obtained results practical significance is that the developed and scientifically substantiated main provisions, conclusions and recommendations can be used in practice by public authorities, as well as by private enterprises which are involved in the field of maritime transport.Keywords: integration technologies, transport potential, economic growth, multimodal transportation, international transport corridors

scholarly journals TERMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BASIC DEFINITIONS OF STUDYING VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE JUNIOR SPECIALISTS IN NURSING IN COLLEGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
М. R. Demianchuk
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
World Health ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

The article argues that nowadays a well-established conceptual and terminological apparatus, whose origins have deep historical roots, in modern vocational training of future specialists in nursing of different qualification levels, is used. On the basis of theoretical analysis of scientific literary sources and conceptual and terminological synthesis has been established that definition of “nurse” comes from Latin “nutricius”,which means caring for those who suffer. On the basis of comparative analysis the comparative-historical way of becoming nurse profession has been reflected.The basis is a five-stage periodization of the formation and development of nursing (by M. Shehedyn). It has been concretized that in the prehistoric period, which lasted from ancient times to the V century AD, work that reflected some of the functions of modern nurse was regarded as a spontaneous care, not as a profession; the period of the Middle Ages was marked by the functioning of specialized institutions for the care of sick people; during the Classical period the nursing and Sisters of Charity were born; the Neoclassical period was marked by the development of scientific concepts for the organization of the system of training nurses; in the Modern period the degree nursing education was introduced. In different historical periods, to indicate the functional characteristics of persons who determine the modern professional activity of nurse, the following terms were used: “deaconess”, “caregiver”, “Sister of Mercy”, “Daughter of Charity”, “nurse”. The recognition of nursing staff by the World Health Organization in 1983 as independent and equal in the health care system, as well as the official definition of “nursing”, which was considered as an activity aimed at addressing individual and public health problems in a changing environmental conditions, became an extremely important event in development of the world nursing.

scholarly journals DOOMED TO DEATH: ABORTIONS AND ABORTION TOURISM

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Nina Myronets ◽  
Oksana Romaniv ◽  
Oksana Yaromenko
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the study is to group the countries of the world according to the availability and legality of abortion and to identify patterns of development of tourist flows of abortion tourism. The research methodology includes a system of methods and techniques: monographic method (used to process materials from literary sources and Internet resources), statistical method (used to assess the prevalence of abortion), cartographic method (used to visualize the legality and availability of abortion around the world), classification method (used to group countries according to the criterion of the level of availability and legality of abortion). Research results. The geography of tourist flows of one of the types of medical tourism (abortion tourism) was analyzed. It arose as a result of the possibility of obtaining medical procedures abroad, prohibited or restricted in their own country. Attention was focused on the factors of legality and accessibility of these medical services in the countries. There are four groups of countries on the availability of abortion: 1) freedom of abortion; 2) abortion for medical and socio-economic reasons; 3) abortion for medical reasons and in other exceptional cases; 4) complete ban. The right to terminate a pregnancy at the woman's request is guaranteed in 71% of developed countries and in 16% of developing countries. Most countries that restrict abortion throughout the territory or in its separate administrative units - this is the state of Africa and South Asia and Latin America. But abortion tourism is the most intensive in Europe. The controversy over abortion has not abated. The two main groups in discussion call themselves "for choice" (with an emphasis on women's right to choose) and "for life" (with an emphasis on the unborn child's right to life). The scientific novelty of the work is that the proposed grouping of countries according to the legality and availability of abortion, outlines the factors of abortion tourism. The main directions of tourist flows of abortion tourism in Europe are determined. The practical significance of the results of the work is that they can be used to shape the tourism policy of Ukraine, as the state is involved in the field of abortion tourism as a recipient of tourist flows. The results of the study also contribute to solving social and demographic problems in the context of depopulation and deteriorating public health. After all, abortions are factors that negatively affect the reproduction of the population and women's health.

Criminal offenses of terrorist direction in criminal legislation of foreign countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Serhii Repetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Special Part ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Criminal Legislation

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to study the criminal offenses of terrorism in the criminal law of foreign countries and to outline the limits of the use of its positive assets. The methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of existing scientific and theoretical material and formulation of relevant conclusions. The following methods of scientific cognition were used during the research: comparative-legal, logical-grammatical, system-structural, modeling. Results In the course of the research it was recognized that in the criminal legislation of foreign countries there is no single approach to the definition of criminal offenses of terrorist orientation. In most European countries, prosecution is provided not only in the criminal code, but also in special laws to combat this phenomenon. At the same time, increased attention is paid to the fight against terrorist financing and incitement to terrorism. Also noteworthy is the attribution to terrorism of a significant number of illegal acts, which without a terrorist purpose constitute independent criminal offenses (murder, bodily harm, riots, robbery, damage to important public buildings, kidnapping, etc.). Scientific novelty. In the course of the research it is scientifically substantiated to divide the legislation on liability for criminal offenses of terrorist orientation into three models: 1) complex (combination of criminal law and specially defined for counter-terrorism legislation); 2) criminal law; 3) criminological, in which the fight against terrorism is reflected only in specialized legislation. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities in further improving the national criminal law on terrorist offenses, as well as in the educational process during the teaching and study of disciplines "Special part of criminal law of Ukraine" and "Criminology".

LEGAL PROTECTION OF “KNOW-HOW” IN certain FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Kipriyanov ◽  
Elnur Baharov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Trade Secrets ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Know How ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The article considers approaches to understanding “know-how” in certain foreign countries. The provisions of international documents regulating production secrets are described. The author describes several theories of understanding trade secrets, considers some features of the protection of production secrets in the United States, France, and Switzerland. It is concluded that the legal protection of “know-how” in the EU countries is very effective, and the legislation of these countries regulating this issue is quite developed. The legal norms meet all the criteria established by the World Intellectual Property Organization.

scholarly journals TENDENCIES AND ART TECHNIQUES IN CONTEMPORARY COMIC BOOK GRAPHIC DESIGN

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
O. V. Kolisnyk ◽  
L. V. Ocheretna ◽  
M. I. Yakovlev ◽  
O. V. Kolosnichenko ◽  
K. L. Pashkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compositional System

Purpose.  Exploring  of  the  distinctive  features  of  modern  comics,  their  artistic  and  compositional solutions, types, main trends in American, European and Asian culture. Definition of the original formation of modern Ukrainian comics. Methodology.  The  basis  of  the  research  methodology  includes  integrated  use  of  historical  and comparative methods, system analysis, synthesis, generalization.  Results. Basing on the analysis of modern comic book content, the history of comics and its perception by the audience as a modern media text are revealed, characteristics of individual elements in comics are systematized.  The  specifics  of  the  artistic  and  compositional  system  of  modern  comics,  the  nature  of figurative  and  stylistic  techniques,  graphic  features  of  American,  European,  Asian,  Ukrainian  comics  are determined. Patterns which are inherent in comics as visual narratives of different socio-cultural parts of the world, as well as aspects that shape modern Ukrainian comics, are considered.  Scientific novelty. Characteristics of comics as an object of graphic design are determined: features of artistic and compositional design solutions in different regions of the world are systematized; leading trends in the development of specific types of comics in the United States, Europe, Asia and Ukraine are revealed.  Practical significance. Based on art analysis of comic book types and by identifying trends in their development within modern art the specifics of the further development of comics are determined and ideas for future creative projects are presented, features that have both artistic and commercial value are indicated.

scholarly journals Use of express container train as optimization method of rubber export carriage

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Anton V. Shklyaev ◽  
Yuliya S. Pasynkova ◽  
Yelena S. Sivertseva ◽  
Nadezhda V. Saks
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Transport Component ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World

Aim: The article is devoted to the issue of optimizing the export carriage of synthetic rubber produced in Russian, using the service of express container trains. Methods: The analysis of volumes distribution of synthetic rubber production between the main Russian producers was made and an alternative option was proposed for the delivery of the products of the largest plant for the production of this raw material to foreign countries. To assess the economic efficiency of the carriage variant by express container trains, a comparison was made with the most commonly used method of rubber transportation by transport costs. Results: Based on the results of the calculations, it was found that when transporting rubber in containers as part of express container trains, significant savings in transportation costs arise. Practical significance of the work: The relevance of the proposed variant is due to the growth of cars production and the development of container transportations in the world. As a result, the transport component is reduced in the final cost of production, which allows suppliers to be more competitive in the market for the production of this raw material.

scholarly journals Modern approaches to the crisis management of hotel enterprises, used in world practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
B. Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Finance Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Financial Market Crisis

The concept of "crisis management" entered into everyday use among the managers of hotel enterprises relatively recently. As a practical discipline, crisis management began to actively develop in the 1990s. It was at this time that the objects and subjects of crisis management were determined, different approaches to definition were outlined, tasks, methods, and methods for solving them were formed. The article considers the existing approaches to the definition of crisis management, proposed by Russian and foreign scientists. The most interesting definitions of crisis management, which are used in the hotel business, are indicated. In the framework of the above definitions, examples are given on the implementation of crisis management in practice (in Russia and in foreign countries). Particular attention is paid to the classification of crises that affect the activities of hotel enterprises. Internal and external factors influencing the development of the hotel business are highlighted, and their ranking has been carried out. According to the results of the study, the shortcomings of the approaches to crisis management are presented, and a personal interpretation of the definition is proposed. World experience shows that crisis management was interested in scientists and practitioners from various fields: management, economics, finance, law, mathematical modeling, econometrics, programming, etc. Moreover, interest in crisis management arose most often at times when the world economy underwent a number of negative impacts. Currently, these phenomena have become quite frequent. Due to the fact that the markets and industries of the world have become interconnected, the financial market crisis leads to a decline in the development of the tourism industry, which in turn affects the hotel business.

scholarly journals Public control as a factor of democratization of public administration in the conditions of implementation of state reforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
N. Nadvirnianska ◽  
M. Chicherina
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Public Control ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Logical Semantic

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to formulate author's approaches to understanding the legal nature of public control in the field of public administration in the context of building a civil society and the rule of law. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and a synthesis of available scientific and theoretical information. It is includes the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Such methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, systemic-structural, logical-normative. Results: it was determined, that the main tasks of public control should be the organization of consideration of applications, appeals of citizens interested in providing them with assistance to public control bodies; promoting prevention or elimination of previously committed violations of the Constitution of Ukraine, laws, state discipline objects of public control; Determination of social evaluation of violations or safety due to certain activities. Scientific novelty. It is relevant in the conditions of reforming the system of public administration is to intensify the decentralized type of control as a variety of control, which is based on social norms, values, traditions and corporate culture. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used during the development of provisions, conclusions and recommendations for public control over the activities of public authorities, which can be realized and constitute a basis for public control as a means of optimizing the system of public administration of Ukraine.

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