scholarly journals FINNISH MISSION HISTORY: A STUDY ON SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS MADE BY FINNISH MISSIONARIES IN THE NORTH-EASTERN HIMALAYAS, INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Noel Giri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Indian Territory ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Winston Churchill ◽  
The North ◽  
Education Community ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Mission History

Once Winston Churchill rightly said and I quote: “Those that fail to learn from history are doomed to repeat it.” History is not just a past to remember but history is an opportunity to explore new things and learn from it. With a great vision and mission-heart, Finnish missionaries came in the Himalayan belt in the early nineteenth century. They had a vision of entering Tibet as soon as they set foot on Indian territory. They stayed and lived difficult lives since India is riven by caste, creed, and regional backwardness, which a few of them (missionaries) correctly termed as "darkness." The Himalayan people are living considerably more comfortable lives after several decades, yet the efforts and services of Finnish missionaries are still mostly unknown among Himalayan natives. Few of numbers of published articles and books are here to describe their major contributions and chronological evidences of Finnish missionaries’ arrival to India. In this article, a thorough analysis of the socio-economic repercussions of Finnish missionaries in the Himalayan belts and Buxaduars regions of Indian states West Bengal and Sikkim was conducted using collected primary and secondary data. Therefore, this article carry out this study by collecting data (qualitative and quantitative) and information from various sources viz. Published and unpublished articles and notes, collection of primary data/information from various sources remained in India and Finland and through analysis of historical documents of Finnish Mission History. KEYWORDS:Finnish missionaries, Himalayas, Socio-economic, mission history, education, community, Scandinavian Alliance Mission, Education, Livelihood, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Buxaduars.

scholarly journals A comparative study of BRTV and NTA Maiduguri regarding their compliance with Nigeria Broadcasting Code on religious programming

INFORMASI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Uba Yusuf ◽  
Musa Usman ◽  
Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Broadcast Stations

The regulation of broadcast religious programming is a critical challenge the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) is facing in Nigeria. In Maiduguri, the capital of the north-eastern Nigerian state of Borno where religion forms a core part of the people’s culture, a great deal of Borno Radio Television (BRTV) and Nigerian Television Authority Maiduguri’s (NTA Maiduguri) airtime is allocated to Islamic preaching during the Muslim’s annual Ramadan fasting. However, there is a dearth of research on whether the airtime those broadcast stations allocate to Islamic programming complies with the NBC code on religious programming. This research gap formed the main research question of this study which was conducted during the second quarter of 2019. Primary data were collected using key informant interviews with five personnel from the two broadcast stations and the Maiduguri office of NBC, while secondary data were obtained through the review of official documents. Key findings showed that the airtime allocatedto religious programmes exceeded the 10% NBC limit, BRTV allocated more airtime to religious programmes than NTA Maiduguri and Islamic programmes were allocated more airtime than programmes of other religions. Recommendations on how to improve compliance to NBC’s regulations were offered at the end.Peraturan program siaran keagamaan merupakan tantangan bagi NationalBroadcasting Commission (NBC)/Komisi Penyiaran Nasional di Nigeria. Maiduguri, ibukota Negara bagian Borno, Nigeria Timur Laut di mana agama merupakan bagian inti dari budaya masyarakat, banyak Radio Televisi Borno (BRTV) dan Otoritas Televisi Nigeria Maiduguri (NTA Maiduguri) mengalokasikan jam tayang untuk khotbah Islam selama Ramadhan. Namun, ada kelangkaan penelitian tentang apakah jam tayang yang disiarkan oleh stasiun-stasiun siaran itu untuk program Islami. Kesenjangan penelitian ini membentuk pertanyaan penelitian utama yang dilakukan selama kuartal kedua 2019. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara informan kunci dengan lima personel dari keduanya stasiun siaran dan kantor Maiduguri NBC, sementara data sekunder diperoleh melalui telaah dokumen resmi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa “airtime” (jam tayang) dialokasikan untuk program keagamaan yang melebihi batas 10% NBC, BRTV mengalokasikan lebih banyak “airtime” ke program keagamaan dari NTA Maiduguri dan program Islam dialokasikan lebih banyak “airtime” daripada program agama lain. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya kepatuhan terhadap peraturan NBC.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Complex Dynamics of LULC Change of Tanguar Haor, a Ramsar Site in the Northeastern Part of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inzamul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ramsar Site ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

The bowl-shaped depressions between the natural levees of rivers, mostly found in the wetland of the north-eastern part of Bangladesh are locally known as Haor. This study has tried to find out the dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) change of Tanguar Haor, a Ramsar Site of Bangladesh between 1989 and 2017. Satellite data from Landsat archive have been used to determine the LULC change and collected primary data through a questionnaire survey used to identify the factors and impacts of LULC change. Post-classification change detection techniques have been applied to evaluate the LULC change, and descriptive statistics are applied for qualitative analysis of primary data as well as other secondary data

Women Trafficking Problem in Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-40
Author(s):  
Rupamjyoti Nath ◽  
Manjit Das
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Common People ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Government ◽  
Women Trafficking ◽  
Do So

The increasing numbers of newspaper reports on disappearing women from the north eastern state of Assam and especially from the economically backward areas of the state in recent years deserve close attention from both researchers' points of view as well as policy-level intervention of the larger community along with the government. This study makes an attempt to operate upon the menace area through the scalpel of game theory under the light of both primary and secondary data collected from the study area. It is an attempt to outline conscious human behaviour that leads to crimes such as women trafficking and identify the parameters controlling or affecting which types of crimes can be controlled. In order to do so, different distinct entities associated with the problem have been considered as different players leading to the concluding indication of prevailing flaws in the legal system of the country along with lack of employment opportunities and mass ignorance about the problem in hand among common people as the major reasons.

scholarly journals Development of Medan Labuhan Train Station

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Indah Sekarini ◽  
Nelson M Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
City Center ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The North ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The City

Development of the city center of Medan Labuhan area requires public infrastructure to support community needs activities. One of the most needs is a train station. A train station is an important part in a contemporary urban area for living, entertaining and working. Trains assessed can cope with transportation problems that occur between regions. With the above considerations, it is necessary to make efforts that can improve the condition of Medan Labuhan Train Station. The approach of a design of Medan Labuhan Station Development is the theme of Neo Vernacular Architecture so that it can be aligned with the old station and surrounding buildings and support conservation activities in Chinatown Medan Labuhan. Improvement can be done by the development of Labuhan Station is a passenger station that can accommodate all the required activities and provide services as much as possible, so that service users feel well served and support various activities center and sub-center services Medan City in the North located in Medan Labuhan The method of study there are two approaches to this approach, the observation method, and the literature method. Observation method is done with several times to survey to the location of design. While the literature method is done by collecting data, both secondary data and primary data

scholarly journals Analysis of Full Time Driver Grab Income Comparison and City Minimum Wage (Case Study in Medan City)

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Audrey M. Siahaan ◽  
Mei Diana N. Siahaan ◽  
Victor H. Sianipar ◽  
Oloan Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Net Income ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
The City

This study aims to determine the income of fulltime Grab drivers above or below the UMK applicable in Medan City. Based on the attachment to the Decree of the North Sumatra Governor in Decree Number 188.44 / 674 / KPTS / 2019 to determine the Provincial Minimum Wage and become a reference for determining the City Minimum Wage, the 2020 Medan City Minimum Wage is determined based on the Provincial Minimum Wage reference of IDR 3,222,556.This type of research is a case study conducted in the city of Medan. This study uses primary data in the form of interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data in the form of regulations on the official Grab website. The questionnaire was given to 60 Grab drivers who were at the grab station. The data analysis method used is descriptive comparative method. The results showed that the net income received by fulltime Grab drivers was above the UMK prevailing in Medan City.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of Humanitarian Policies to AID Displaced Population in Nigeria and Africa through Coordination, Collaboration and Integration Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oaikhena Igbelokoto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
The North ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Integration Mechanism ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Open The Doors ◽  
North Eastern Part

Humanitarian programmes within Africa should be collaborative and integrative in nature, this would easily address the issue of displacement and abandonment, as it shall aid the promotion of the instrumentality of integration within Member states in Africa. Nigeria has over the years played a leading role in Africa affairs based on its foreign policy objectives. The servitude of brotherhood being demonstrated by Nigeria in Africa is a way of uplifting and promoting humanitarian aids in Africa. The problems of displacement of persons, who then becomes refugees in other climes within Africa cannot be overemphasized. People still bear the brunt of the conflict in the north-eastern part of Nigeria, which has resulted in widespread displacement, lack of protection, destruction of infrastructure and collapsed of basic services. The neglect for a concerted effort towards promoting humanitarian services within Africa, has open the doors for the United Nations or International communities to averred that aids and humanitarian services can only be sourced within their domain, thus making African states to be dependent. This study explores the possibilities of enhancing and promoting humanitarian policies in Africa through collaboration and integration. The study further identified areas of neglect in humanitarian services, as policies geared towards humanitarian services has to be sustained, to meet desired objectives. The study employed the secondary data analysis, and adopted the humanitarianism approach. The study recommended that existing humanitarian policies should be strengthened, sustained and adequately implemented to address the issues of humanitarian problems in Africa, while adequate measures are also put in place to monitor its’ implementation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Livestock Extension on the Livelihood of Mbororo Fulani Women in the North West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Loveline Enjoh Forbang ◽  
Tohnian Nobert Lengha ◽  
Fonteh Athanasius Amungwa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
The Impact

Mbororo Fulani women are experiencing transformation in their livelihood through livestock farming. This paper investigates the contributions of livestock farming to the wellbeing of the Mbororo Fulani women of the North West region of Cameroon. Mbororo women in the North West region play different roles to contribute to the growth of the livestock sector in Cameroon but lack technological knowledge and extension services to improve on their livestock activities. The study used primary data gotten through structured questionnaires and secondary data from journals, books and work from other researchers. The simple random sampling was used to select 400 Mbororo women for the study and SPSS was used for data analysis. The study reveals that 61% of Mbororo women are engage in livestock farming. 20.4% of the women keep different categories of livestock extension (sheep, goat, poultry etc). 89% of the women do livestock farming for income generation and as a means to increase proteins needs for their families. Therefore, livestock is an important source of revenue to Mbororo Fulani women in the North West region of Cameroon thus Cameroon government should put more efforts to assist these Mbororo women in livestock farming by providing them with modern innovations through extension services and resources needed to expand on livestock farming.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM ME’DASENG DI KECAMATAN TABUKAN UTARA, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Yerry Efendi Budiman ◽  
Daud Markus Liando ◽  
Donald K. Monintja
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Online Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the Me'Daseng program. Measurement of effectiveness used four elements in accordance with Budiani (2009) concept namely: the accuracy of target, socialization, objectives, and monitoring. The research was conducted in the North Tabukan Sub-district, Sangihe Islands Regency. The selection of informants was carried out purposively with a total of 12 informants. The data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected by conducting interviews with informants and making direct observations. Secondary data were collected by conducting literature studies and searching online data related to the theme of this research, namely program effectiveness. The data analysis technique used descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. The results showed that (1) the Me'Daseng program was not yet fully effective, in terms of target accuracy. The community was still less involved or served when the Me'Daseng program was implemented. (2) Socialization of the Me'Daseng program has been carried out, but it has not been very good, especially the direct socialization carried out in communities. (3) The effectiveness of the Me'Daseng program when viewed from the objectives of the Me'Daseng program and compared to the results achieved, has not been very effective. (4) The government has made efforts to make improvements in the implementation of the Me'Daseng program, as an effort to pay attention to the community receiving services from the Me'Daseng program, but the impact felt by the community is still not as expected.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA ALAM AIR TERJUN TAHAPAN TELU BERDASARKAN POTENSI BIOFISIK

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Fernando P Londong ◽  
Fabiola B. Saroinsong ◽  
Maria Y. M. A. Sumakud
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi

This study aims to analyze the biophysical potential of the Kali Tahapan Telu Waterfall area. The research was conducted in August 2020 at Kali Tahapan Telu Waterfall, Kali Village, Pineleng District, North Sulawesi. This study uses a survey method for primary data collection, namely by conducting interviews with parties related to the management of this natural tourism area, as well as direct observation in the tourist area of Kali Tahapan Telu Waterfall and the surrounding environment on aspects of tourist attraction, accessibility, accommodation, and facilities. and tourism support infrastructure. Secondary data were obtained from existing references and agencies. Data analysis used in this study was the scoring technique. The results showed that this natural tourism area has biophysical potential which is the ability, strength of the biotic and physical environment that the area has which allows it to be developed into. The attraction for visitors to come and enjoy this tourist area is as follows. The tourist area of Kali Tahapan Telu Waterfall has 2 (two) types of fauna that are endemic to North Sulawesi and 4 (four) types of flora that characterize the North Sulawesi area. In addition, there are several good views towards the outside of the tourist attraction and an attractive good view between parts of the tourist attraction. Based on the results of the biophysical potential analysis using the scoring technique, it was found that the results of the biophysical potential of Kali Tahapan Telu Waterfall were in the medium category. The development of biophysical potential can be done by planting several types of endemic plants in and around tourist areas to increase attractiveness by increasing the diversity of natural resources that can be enjoyed, especially endemic species that have characteristics in tourist areas while carrying out conservation efforts, as well as being a vehicle for education about sources. local power. In addition, the development of biophysical potential can also be done by adding infrastructure in the form of viewing posts or gazebo with local architectural, as well as attractive landscape designs to add beauty and support the potential view. Regarding the increase in the use value of agricultural land indirectly, the existence of community agricultural land around the area planted with plants that have regional characteristics of North Sulawesi, namely cloves, coconut, palm and nutmeg are utilized and supported by landscape designs in natural tourism areas that frame and strengthen the scenery so that it adds to tourist attraction. In addition, the increase in the use value of agricultural land is directly and simultaneously in line with community empowerment, namely the processing of parts of community agricultural land products that are not traded to be developed into souvenirs which have not been provided until now. Community empowerment is also carried out by involving the surrounding community in increasing tourist attractions, namely by tourist attractions, especially regional cultural attractions.

Socio-economic correlates of internal migration in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Shazia Shazia ◽  
◽  
Jabir Hasan Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Southern States ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The present paper is an attempt to analyse the spatial patterns of migration, variations in the level of socio-economic development and the relationship between total migration (dependent variable) and selected variables of development (independent variables) among the states of India. The entire research work is based on secondary sources of data, collected from Census of India publications (2011), Migration Table – D Series, Handbook of Statistics of Indian States, Primary Census Abstract of India and Basic Road Statistics of India. The boundary of a state has been taken as the smallest unit of the study. The present study reveals that, from the southern part of the country, the level of migration changes rapidly from high to low grade towards the north. On the other hand, the states lying in the western and eastern part experienced medium to high level of migration in comparison to the north-eastern states having a low level of migration in India. The level of development is high or medium in northern, western and southern states in comparison to the states, lying in the eastern and north-eastern parts of the country.

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