scholarly journals PROCESSING ECHO SIGNALS REFLECTED FROM UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES AND RECEIVED BY RADAR

T-Comm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Ivan D. Petrov ◽  
◽  
Viacheslav P. Shkodyrev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Deep Integration

In the modern world, with the surge of usage of the unmanned aerial vehicles many tasks related to detection of aerial objects have arisen and also the determination of their type within the cities and the countryside. Such tasks are the recognition and classification of aerial objects using radar stations. Aerial objects that need to be detected usually are unmanned aircraft and birds. Processing the signal received by radar from the aerial object to obtain a proper spectral signature is needed to solve such tasks. The most informative detail for determining the type of the aerial object is the presence or absence of the micro-Doppler effect in the spectral signatures. The perpose of this paper is to carry out and compare two strategies for filtering echo signals from interference and obtaining their spectral signatures. The first strategy involves application of several methods for filtering the echo signal, followed by a standard spectral analysis. The second strategy adds to the previous one the use of an autocorrelation and calculating spectral density. Comparison of the of the applied strategies for processing echo signals from aerial objects showed that the use of the autocorrelation results in a more pronounced, regular and refined spectral signature relative to the first approach with only filtering and spectral analysis . The application of these strategies for processing signals reflected from aerial objects will be used in a future research to design a system with deep integration of the physical and computational components.

scholarly journals АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ РОЗВИТКУ ВИСОТНИХ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Тамара Павловна Цепляева ◽  
Антон Юрьевич Мигунов
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions

The development of unmanned aerial vehicles, at this time, is of great interest, both of the largest aircraft building companies and design enthusiasts, and among the total amount of development, the volume of high-altitude unmanned vehicles occupies one of the leading positions. In this regard, a very topical issue is the analysis of existing developments and the determination of the vector of future research in this direction. High-altitude unmanned vehicles have a wide range of functions, both in the field of military and civilian use. The work collected and analyzed statistical data of high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles to determine advances in the design of high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The current classification of UAVs was considered, as a result of the analysis of statistical data, options for its expansion were proposed. The flight characteristics of high-altitude UAVs are described. There are charts and tables showing the place of highaltitude UAVs in their total number. Also, flight performance, aerodynamic schemes and engine type, which are the most rational for high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles according to their purpose and class, are defined.

LEGAL REGULATION OF THE USE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN THE PENAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Анна Николаевна Королева
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Arbitration Process ◽  
Duration Of Storage

Беспилотные воздушные суда и беспилотные авиационные системы становятся частью повседневной жизни, в том числе в деятельности органов и учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы. В статье исследован исторический аспект появления беспилотных воздушных судов в России и зарубежных странах, необходимость, типовые задачи и особенности правового регулирования использования беспилотных воздушных судов в уголовно-исполнительной системе. Однако ряд вопросов до настоящего времени является предметом дискуссии и требуют правового регулирования. Современные технологии позволяют оснастить беспилотные воздушные суда различными приборами, придающими им дополнительные функциональные характеристики: приборами видео- и фотофиксации, тепловизором, громкоговорителем, оружием. В зарубежных странах сложилась разная практика регулирования: от разрешения использования беспилотных воздушных судов с оружием в правоохранительной деятельности и уголовно-исполнительной системе (США, Великобритания и др.) до протестов гражданского общества и требований законодательного запрещения использования беспилотных воздушных судов, способных причинить вред человеку. Не решены вопросы в части регулирования порядка сбора, обработки, передачи и хранения (в том числе длительности хранения) информации, полученной в ходе видео- и фотофиксации, включая передачу информации, содержащей персональные данные гражданина, в частности, его изображение. Обсуждается вопрос о соблюдении прав человека и гражданина, в том числе осужденного, при получении и использовании информации, полученной при помощи беспилотных воздушных судов в деятельности органов и учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы. Требуется внесение изменений в процессуальное законодательство в части регулирования использования данных, полученных при помощи беспилотных воздушных судов, как доказательств, а также в целом их юридическое значение в административном, уголовном, гражданском (арбитражном) процессе. Необходимо урегулирование вопросов ответственности сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы, которые могут превысить полномочия с помощью использования беспилотных воздушных судов. В рамках Национальной технологической инициативы происходит активное развитие рынка АэроНет, поэтому беспилотные воздушные суда в деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы могут стать частью этого рынка. Unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned aircraft systems are becoming part of everyday life, including in the activities of bodies and institutions of the penal system. The article examines the historical aspect of the appearance of unmanned aerial vehicles in Russia and foreign countries, the need, typical tasks and features of the legal regulation of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the penal system. However, a number of issues are still the subject of discussion and require legal regulation. Modern technologies make it possible to equip unmanned aerial vehicles with various functional characteristics, ranging from video and photo capture, the availability of a thermal imager, a loudspeaker, to weapons. In different countries, different regulatory practices have developed: from allowing unmanned aerial vehicles with weapons in law enforcement and the penal system (USA, UK, etc.) to civil society protests and the requirements of the legislative prohibition on the use of unmanned aircraft that can cause harm to humans. Unresolved issues regarding the regulation of the procedure for collecting, processing, transferring and storing (including the duration of storage) of information obtained during video and photo recording, including the transmission of information containing personal data of a citizen, including its image. The issue of observing the human rights of a citizen, including a convict, is discussed when receiving and using information received by unmanned aerial vehicles in the activities of bodies and institutions of the penal system. Amendments to the procedural legislation are required in terms of regulating the use of data obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles as evidence, as well as in general their legal significance in the administrative, criminal, civil (arbitration) process. It is necessary to resolve the issues of responsibility of employees of the penitentiary system, which may exceed their authority through the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. As part of the National Technological Initiative, the AeroNet market is actively developing, therefore unmanned aerial vehicles in the activities of the penitentiary system can become part of this market.

A Method for Estimating the Area of Damaged Croplands and Woodlands with the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drones)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Podciborski ◽  
Jacek Kil
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Extent Of Damage

Growing social demand for access to spatial information spurs the rapid development of measurement methods and systems for registering the results of spatial evaluations and analyses (Kwietniewski 2008). Any assessment of spatial development is carried out on the basis of information obtained from specific sources (Kowalczyk 2007). The main objective of this study was to propose a method for assessing the extent of damage caused by natural disasters to croplands and woodlands with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). The main aim was achieved through detailed goals, including determination of the causes of natural disasters, description of the field inspection procedure and development of loss assessment principles. The proposed method was verified in selected research sites, and the resulting damage report detailing cropland losses is presented in the study.

Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to Deliver Medical and Emergency Supplies to Remote Areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Levi Henderson ◽  
Savern L. Reweti ◽  
Robyn Kamira
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Real World ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Community Impact ◽  
The Real ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

This chapter examines the role of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the delivery of medical and emergency supplies to remote areas. It outlines a number of potential considerations for operators wishing to use UAVs to deliver medical and emergency supplies to remote areas. These considerations address a number of practicalities in terms of the organisation that is wishing to conduct such operations, the operations themselves, and the technology that is used for such operations. These considerations primarily stem from the nature of the international regulatory framework for unmanned aircraft operations and the peculiarities of using a UAV to deliver medical and emergency supplies. The chapter will outline some of the practicalities that have been worked through or are being worked through during a project to deliver medical and emergency supplies in Northland, New Zealand. This will provide readers with examples of some of the real-world considerations that operators face as well as outline the positive community impact that such operations can provide.

Blockchain Towards Secure UAV-Based Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-174
Author(s):  
lamia Chaari Fourati ◽  
Mohamed Fourati ◽  
Bilel Najeh ◽  
Aicha Idriss
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
New Challenges

During this last decade, the blockchain (BC) paradigm has been required in several use cases and scenarios in particular for security, privacy, and trust provisioning. Accordingly, several studies proposed the use of BC technology to secure and to assure the trustworthiness of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this context, this chapter highlights several applications and scenarios for the deployment of UAVs within diverse smart systems. In addition, it illustrates the advantages of the integration of the BC within UAVs-based smart systems. This integration reveals new challenges and future research directions that are discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Distributed Control of Networked Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Valley Area Coverage

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mengji Shi ◽  
Kaiyu Qin
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Distributed Control ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Crash Avoidance ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Valley Area

The paper provides a novel cooperative motion scheme for networked Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to fully sweep-cover a priori unknown elongated areas with curved borders, which are termed “valley areas.” The UAVs’ motion is confined between the borders. Different from former research on straight-corridor-sweep-coverage, in each valley area, the width of different portions varies dramatically: the UAVs need to line up across the valley area to achieve full coverage of the widest portions while they can only pass through the narrowest parts one by one in a queue. The UAVs are provided with barrier detection and inter-UAV communication. According to the scheme, a distributed control law has been offered for discrete-time multi-UAV systems, guaranteeing crash avoidance and full coverage while considering the constrained mobility of the UAVs. Regular and extreme simulations are carried out to verify the efficacy and stability of the proposed algorithm. Solutions to U-shaped valley coverage and the case of insufficient UAVs available are discussed with validation simulations. Comparison simulations are conducted with respect to a line-sweep-coverage algorithm developed by a closely related work, and differences in performance are revealed subsequently. Conclusions are drawn with possible directions of future research.

scholarly journals Angle of Attack Sensor for Small Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Wanngoen ◽  
Saetunand ◽  
Saengphet ◽  
Tantrairatn
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Aerodynamic Parameter ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Flow Changes ◽  
Good Agreement

The angle of attack (AOA) is an important parameter for estimating aerodynamic parameter the performance and stability of aircraft. Currently, AOA sensors are used in general aircraft. However, there is no a reasonable-price AOA sensor that is compatible to a small fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This research aims to designs and constructs angle of attract (AOA) sensor for small fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. Mechanism Design, which is similar to aerodynamic wheatear vane, can operate in airspeed 10–30 m/s. The direction of airfoil aligns with the air flow direction. When the AOA of the UAV changes, the air flow changes the direction, resulting in the change of airfoil direction. The high-resolution rotary encoder, that was used to measure the angle of the airfoil, was installed with the fin airfoil. For experiment, the accuracy of the AOA sensor was validated by comparing the angles obtained from the encoder with the standard rotary table in static and wind tunnel. Finally, the AOA sensor, which was attached on aircraft, was verified and recorded in flight test. As the results of the measurement, the airfoil angles detected by the encoder were in good agreement with the standard angles.

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