PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN KARAMUNTING (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Eschericia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onny Indriani ◽  
Awalul Fatiqin ◽  
Tri Oktarina
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Latar belakang: Salah satu tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat adalah daun Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton.) Hassk.). Secara tradisional daun tumbuhan Karmunting digunakan sebagai obat cacing pada manusia, mengobati luka, kudis, mengurangi sakit kepala, mengobati sakit perut dan diare, menahan pendarahan dan juga digunakan untuk mencegah infeksi setelah melahirkan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efek antibakteri fraksi  Daun Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton)Hassk) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dengan metode difusi agar. Metode: Jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen untuk mengetahui suatu gejala atau pengaruh yang timbul, sebagai akibat dari adanya perlakuan tertentu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019 sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2019. Dengan beberapa perlakuan dalam ekstraksi dilakukan metode maserasi yang diperoleh ekstrak kental sebanyak 161,5 gram dengan hasil rendemen 8,075% dari 2kg serbuk simplisia, pada fraksinasi menggunakan metode cair-cair dengan pelarut N-heksan (non polar) dengan hasil hasil 0.5099 gram, etil asetat (semi polar) dengan hasil 5,2997 gram, etanol (polar) dengan hasil 12,3887gram, kemudian diujikan pada pertumbuhan bakteri Eschericia coli dengan difusi agar lalu melakukan pengukuran zona bening dan di analisis dengan ANOVA pada nilai normality (p) >0,05. Hasil:  Ekstrak Daun karamunting dengan konsentrasi 40%-4,95mm, 60%-6,38mm, 80%-8,24mm, Fraksi etanol 60%-6,04mm, 80%-7,5mm, 100%-8,75mm dan fraksi etil 40%5-6mm, 60%-6,7mm, 80%- 7,48mm, tidak terbentuk zona hambat pada fraksi N-heksan dengan konsentrasi 16%, 32%, 64%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh ekstrak Daun Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk.) terhadap pertumbuhan Bakteri Eschericia coli. konsentrasi yang terbaik adalah Ekstak 80% dan Fraksi Etanol 100% dikarenakan pada hasil uji dinyatakan tidak berbeda signifikan dinyatakan nilai (p) > 0,05. Kata kunci : Ekstrak, Fraksi, Daun Karamunting, Antibakteri, E.coli

Rhodomyrtone, an antibotic from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dachriyanus Salni ◽  
M. V. Sargent ◽  
B. W. Skelton ◽  
I. Soediro ◽  
M. Sutisna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

The ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk. yielded rhodomyrtone (5) [6,8-dihydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-(3-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-4,9-dihydro-1H-xanthene-1,3(2H)-di-one] which had significant activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The structural elucidation followed from spectroscopic evidence and from a single-crystal X-ray structural determination.

scholarly journals Uji Kandungan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L var. Pomifera) dari Kota Langsa, Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Reni Aisyah Simbolon ◽  
Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah ◽  
Ulil Amna
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Tumbuhan jambu biji (Psidium guajava L var. pomifera) adalah salah satu tanaman obat-obatan yang sering dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat khususnya di Indonesia. Tumbuhan yang termasuk ke dalam famili Myrtaceae tersebut memiliki khasiat sebagai antidiare, antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam daun jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava  L. Var. Pomifera). Berdasarkan pengujian fitokimia yang telah dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa daun kering positif mengandung senyawa steroid, saponin, fenol, dan tanin. Sedangkan pada daun segar positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, steroid, saponin, fenol, dan tanin. Referensi : [1]       S. S. H. Aponno V. J., Yamlean Y. V. P., “Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka yang Terinfeksi Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus pada Kelinci (Orytolagus cuniculus),” PHARMACON, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 279–286, 2014, doi: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.5400. [2]       R. Rachmaniar, H. Kartamihardja, and Merry, “Pemanfaatan Buah Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava Linn.) Sebagai Antioksidan Dalam Bentuk Granul Effervescent,” JSTFI Indones. J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 1–20, 2016. [3]       Z. S. Desiyana S. L., Husni A. M., “Uji Efektivitas Sedian Gel Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava Linn) terhadap Penyenmbuhan Luka Terbuka pada Mencit (Mus musculus).,” J. Nat., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 23–32, 2016. [4]       Rabbiyah F., “Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn.) terhadap Pengikatan Trombosit pada Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue,” J. Major., vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 91–96, 2015. [5]       T. Handayani, Witjaksono, and K. U. Nugraheni, “Induksi Tetraploid Pada Tanaman Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava L.) secara In Vitro,” J. Biol. Indones., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 271–278, 2017, doi: 10.47349/jbi/13022017/271. [6]       Y. Tampubolon R. T., “Pengaruh Formulasi Terhadap Sifat Fisik, Kimia, dan Organoleptik Effervescent Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava var. Pomifera).,” J. Pangan dan Agroindustri, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 27–37, 2017. [7]      S. A. Ariyani A. M. D., Santoso I. S., “Analisa Profitalitas Usaha Tani Jambu Biji Getas Merah di Kabupaten Kendal,” Acromedia, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 10–18, 2017. [8]       I. S. W. Atmaja, Ismail Saleh, R. Eviyati, and D. Budirokhman, “Kajian Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang dan Pupuk Npk Terhadap Kualitas dan Mutu Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava L.) Kultivar Getas pada Musim Kemarau,” J. Agrovigor, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 111–117, 2016. [9]       C. Dhyan, S. H. Sumarlan, and B. Susilo, “Pengaruh Pelapisan Lilin Lebah dan Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kualitas Buah Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L.),” J. Bioproses Komod. Trop., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 79–90, 2014. [10]     W. N. Gunawan R., Susanto H. W., “Pengaruh Lama Pemanasan dan Konsentrasi Maizena terhadap Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia dan Organoleptik Lempok Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium Guajava L.),” J. Pangan dan Agroindustri, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2018. [11]     D. N. Maria and E. Zubaidah, “Pembuatan Velva Jambu Biji Merah Probiotik (Lactobacillus Acidophilus) Kajian Persentase Penambahan Sukrosa dan CMC,” J. Pangan dan Agroindustri, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 18–28, 2014. [12]     W. R. Andriani, “Efektivitas Mengkonsumsi Jus Apel Dibandingkan dengan Mengkonsumsi Jus Jambu Biji terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Halitosis,” AcTion Aceh Nutr. J., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 164–171, 2018. [13]     F. Nadifah, S. Fatimah, and L. Susanti, “Pengaruh Infusa Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli Secara In Vitro,” J. Heal., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 65–68, 2015, doi: 10.30590/vol2-no2-p65-68. [14]     I. B. Wicaksono and M. Ulfah, “Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrihidrazil),” Inov. Tek. Kim., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 44–48, 2017. [15]     I. Hartati, S. Nurfaizin, Suwardiyono, and L. Kurniasari, “Ekstraksi Gelombang Mikro Terpenoid Daun Surian (Toona sureni Merr),” Inov. Tek. Kim., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 98–103, 2016. [16]     A. U. Mulyanto S., Sumardianto, “Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava) terhadap Daya Simpan Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Suhu Dingin,” J. Pengolah. dan Bioteknol. Has. Perikan., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1–7, 2018. [17]     H. Setiawan, L. B. Utami, and M. Zulfikar, “Serbuk Daun Jambu Biji Memperbaiki Performans Pertumbuhan dan Morfologi Duodenum Ayam Jawa Super,” J. Vet., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 554–562, 2018. [18]     H. Halimatussakdiah, U. Amna, and P. Wahyuningsih, “Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Larvicidal Activity of Edible Fern (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.) Extract against Culex,” J. Nat., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 141–146, 2018, doi: 10.24815/jn.v0i0.11335. [19]     R. Ningrum, E. Purwanti, and Sukarsono, “Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid dari Batang Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) Sebagai Bahan Ajar Biologi Untuk SMA Kelas X,” J. Pendidik. Biol. Indinesia, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 231–236, 2016. [20]     A. R. Nasrudin., Wahyono., Mustofa., Saridarti, “Isolasi Senyawa dari Kulit Akar Sengugun (Elerdenrum serratum L. Moon),” J. Ilm. Farm., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 332–337, 2017. [21]     N. Hidayah, “Pemanfaatan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Tanaman (Tanin dan Saponin) dalam Mengurangi Emisi Metan Ternak Ruminansia,” J. Sain Peternak. Indones., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 89–98, 2016, doi: 10.31186/jspi.id.11.2.89-98. [22]     Z. D. Novitasari, E. A. dan Putri, “Isolasi dan Identifikasi Saponin Saponin Pada Ekstrak Daun Mahkota Dewa Dengan Metode Maserasi,” J. Sains, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 10–13, 2016. [23]     B. Bintoro, A., Ibrahim, M.A., Situmeang, “Analisis Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Saponin dari Daun Sidara (Zhizipus Mauritania L.),” J. Itekimia, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 84–93, 2017. [24]     . Y., H. Purnamaningsih, A. Nururrozi, and S. Indarjulianto, “Saponin : Dampak terhadap Ternak (Ulasan),” J. Peternak. Sriwij., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 79–90, 2017, doi: 10.33230/jps.6.2.2017.5083.

scholarly journals Invivo Effect Analysis of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Leaf Ethanol Extract Against Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Doris Noviani ◽  
Adisty Dwi Treasa ◽  
Ade Zakiya Tasman Munaf ◽  
Sri Winarsih ◽  
Dwi Yuni Nur Hidayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Puerperal Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Puerperium infection contributed 11 percent of 48.17 percent of maternal mortality during the puerperium period; one of the causes of increased risk of puerperium infection was bacteria Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Puerperium infection occurred because bacteria enter through the vagina, wounds on the insertion of the placenta, and other parts spread to blood throughout the body and damage the spleen, liver, and uterus. This research aimed to determine the effect of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves ethanol extract (Rtl-EE) as an antibacterial on the spleen, liver, and uterus of Escherichia coli -induced puerperal infection model mice. Mice in the postnatal treatment group were induced by Escherichia coli bacteria intravaginally and given different doses of ethanol extract of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves. Examination of bacterial colonies growth used pour plate method with EMBA media. The research results showed that the administration of Rtl-EE decreased the growth of bacterial colonies respectively in the liver 1280, 924, 330 CFU/mL; the uterus 1806, 1180, 874 CFU/mL; and the spleen 712, 112, 774 CFU/mL. Colony growth started to decrease at dose 1 of Rtl-EE (100mg/kg BW) of mice model of Escherichia coli -induced puerperal infection. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves contain active compounds - phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids as antibacterial. Rtl-EE had an antibacterial effect by reducing the number of bacteria on the spleen, liver, and uterus of Escherichia coli -induced puerperal infection model mice. Further research needs to conduct to examine the toxic dose of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves against Escherichia coli bacteria.

Metallic nanoparticles augmented the antibacterial potency of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa acetone extract against Escherichia coli

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Shankar ◽  
Sukanlaya Leejae ◽  
Lily Jaiswal ◽  
Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Structural organization of escherichia coli ribosomes as determined by immuno electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stöffler ◽  
R.W. Bald ◽  
J. Dieckhoff ◽  
H. Eckhard ◽  
R. Lührmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
Immuno Electron Microscopy

A central step towards an understanding of the structure and function of the Escherichia coli ribosome, a large multicomponent assembly, is the elucidation of the spatial arrangement of its 54 proteins and its three rRNA molecules. The structural organization of ribosomal components has been investigated by a number of experimental approaches. Specific antibodies directed against each of the 54 ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli have been performed to examine antibody-subunit complexes by electron microscopy. The position of the bound antibody, specific for a particular protein, can be determined; it indicates the location of the corresponding protein on the ribosomal surface.The three-dimensional distribution of each of the 21 small subunit proteins on the ribosomal surface has been determined by immuno electron microscopy: the 21 proteins have been found exposed with altogether 43 antibody binding sites. Each one of 12 proteins showed antibody binding at remote positions on the subunit surface, indicating highly extended conformations of the proteins concerned within the 30S ribosomal subunit; the remaining proteins are, however, not necessarily globular in shape (Fig. 1).

Sites of Adsorption of the Bacteriophages T3 and T5 on the Wall of Escherichia Coli B.

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Rigid Cell Wall ◽  
Host Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

Bacterial viruses adsorb specifically to receptors on the host cell surface. Although the chemical composition of some of the cell wall receptors for bacteriophages of the T-series has been described and the number of receptor sites has been estimated to be 150 to 300 per E. coli cell, the localization of the sites on the bacterial wall has been unknown.When logarithmically growing cells of E. coli are transferred into a medium containing 20% sucrose, the cells plasmolize: the protoplast shrinks and becomes separated from the somewhat rigid cell wall. When these cells are fixed in 8% Formaldehyde, post-fixed in OsO4/uranyl acetate, embedded in Vestopal W, then cut in an ultramicrotome and observed with the electron microscope, the separation of protoplast and wall becomes clearly visible, (Fig. 1, 2). At a number of locations however, the protoplasmic membrane adheres to the wall even under the considerable pull of the shrinking protoplast. Thus numerous connecting bridges are maintained between protoplast and cell wall. Estimations of the total number of such wall/membrane associations yield a number of about 300 per cell.

Infection of Escherichia coli with bacteriophages

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Adsorption Site ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Bacterial Receptors

The first step in the infection of a bacterium by a virus consists of a collision between cell and bacteriophage. The presence of virus-specific receptors on the cell surface will trigger a number of events leading eventually to release of the phage nucleic acid. The execution of the various "steps" in the infection process varies from one virus-type to the other, depending on the anatomy of the virus. Small viruses like ØX 174 and MS2 adsorb directly with their capsid to the bacterial receptors, while other phages possess attachment organelles of varying complexity. In bacteriophages T3 (Fig. 1) and T7 the small conical processes of their heads point toward the adsorption site; a welldefined baseplate is attached to the head of P22; heads without baseplates are not infective.

The Nature of the Intramembrane Particle

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
A.J. Verkleij
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fracture Face ◽  
Band 3 Protein ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Freeze Fracturing ◽  
Intramembrane Particle ◽  
Luminal Membrane

Freeze-fracturing splits membranes into two helves, thus allowing an examination of the membrane interior. The 5-10 rm particles visible on both monolayers are widely assumed to be proteinaceous in nature. Most membranes do not reveal impressions complementary to particles on the opposite fracture face, if the membranes are fractured under conditions without etching. Even if it is considered that shadowing, contamination or fracturing itself might obscure complementary pits', there is no satisfactory explanation why under similar physical circimstances matching halves of other membranes can be visualized. A prominent example of uncomplementarity is found in the erythrocyte manbrane. It is wall established that band 3 protein and possibly glycophorin represents these nonccmplanentary particles. On the other hand a number of membrane types show pits opposite the particles. Scme well known examples are the ";gap junction',"; tight junction, the luminal membrane of the bladder epithelial cells and the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.

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