ASSESSMENT OF EATING BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC OF WEIGHT GAIN OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS WITH A SINGLE RECEIPT OF THE MIXED OXIDE OF DEPLETED URANIUM WITH WATER

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
D. V. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Depleted Uranium ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Behavior ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Uranium Compounds ◽  
Impaired Metabolism

The experiment on the study of food behavior and the dynamics of weight gain in experimental animals (rats) after single oral intake of the mixed oxide of depleted uranium (U3O8 + UO2) with water is given. It is shown that when depleted uranium enters the body, rodent eating behavior increases possibly due to direct neurotoxicity of uranium compounds, as well as impaired metabolism of neurotransmitters in a brain. At the same time, the toxic effect of uranium compounds on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract is probably the cause of malabsorption syndrome, which causes a decrease in weight gain in animals.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Khari Goats on Supplementation of Urea Molasses Mineral Block (UMMB) in Fodder Based Diets

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
MR Egan Tiwari ◽  
BK Shrestha ◽  
P Mandal ◽  
LN Panday
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Farming System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

Goat is important component of Nepalese farming system. Goat production and productivity in Nepal is not as their potential. One of the major factors causing low production and productivity of goats is lack of minerals in the diet. Therefore, to evaluate the mineral factor associated with low production and productivity of goats an experiment was carried out in growing male goats at Agriculture Research Station (Goat), Bandipur, Tanahun from February to March 2010. Ten male goats of 8-9 months of age and similar body weight were divided into two treatment groups having five animals in each group by using complete randomized design (CRD). Two types of diets were formulated for experimental animals. The animals of control group (treatment1) were provided seasonal fodder ad libitum plus concentrate mixture @ 1% of the body weight, whereas animals of treatment 2 were provided seasonal fodder and concentrate mixture same as in treatment1 plus UMMB @ 4% of the body weight. The study revealed that seasonal fodder and concentrate mixture intake of both groups was almost similar 2.0 kg and 207g, respectively and was not significantly difference in intake between diet groups. Similarly, total dry matter intake also was non-significant between diet groups. The highest body weight gain was observed in treatment 2 (3.86 ± 0.78 kg) than that of treatment1 (3.3 ± 0.90 kg). Body weight gain of the experimental animals was also found non- significant. Average daily gain (ADG) was recorded the highest in treatment 2 (85.77 g /day) in comparison to treatment1 (73.33 g/day). Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 29-32 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7710

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Growth and Development of pygmy rabbits using the preparation «EM-Kurunga»

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Г. Пузина
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Active Supplement ◽  
Pygmy Rabbits

Анализируется воздействие микробиологического препарата «ЭМ-Курунга» на рост и развитие карликовых кроликов первых трёх месяцев жизни. Исследуется влияние данного препарата на живую массу крольчат, гнезда, прирост живой массы, а также на индекс сбитости и показатели крови крольчат. В качестве объекта исследования выступили крольчата пород карликовый баран и карликовый заяц. Проведённые исследования показали, что подопытные животные отличались незначительным преимуществом при оценке прироста живой массы. При оценке живой массы гнезда прослеживается тенденция к незначительному увеличению под воздействием биологически активной добавки «ЭМ-Курунга». Индекс сбитости под воздействием препарата не изменился. Количество эритроцитов и гемоглобина у подопытных животных было выше, чем в контрольных группах. Все полученные данные свидетельствуют, что воздействие препарата на исследованные показатели незначительно и недостоверно. The effect of the microbiological preparation "EM-Kurunga" on the growth and development of pygmy rabbits of the first three months of life is analyzed. The effect of this preparation on the live weight of infant rabbits, nests, body weight gain as well as on the blockiness index and blood values of infant rabbits is studied. The object of the study was infant rabbit of the pygmy ram and pygmy hare breeds. Conducted researches have shown that experimental animals had a slight advantage in assessing the body weight gain. When assessing the live weight of the nest, there is a tendency to slightly increase under the influence of the biologically active supplement "EM-Kurunga". The blockiness index under the influence of the preparation did not change. The numbers of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the experimental animals were higher than in the control groups. All the obtained data indicate that the effect of the preparation on the examined indicators is insignificant and unreliable.

Indicators of metabolism and biochemical status of blood in horses of Yakut breed in winter and spring seasons

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
U. Khompodoeva ◽  
R. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms

The results of researches on the peculiarities of metabolism in the body of horses of Yakut breed in the winter and spring periods under the environments of Central Yakutia have been presented in the article. Physiological experiments on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed have been carried out in the winter (February) and spring (April) periods under the environments of the physiological yard in the Yakutsk Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronov with using the classical method. Five mares and five geldings of Yakut breed have been selected for researches. The average live weight of mares was 378–410 kg, geldings 394–403 kg. The experimental animals had average fatness. It has been found a higher intake of energy and the main nutrients of hay as a mono feed in winter compared to the spring period. At the same time pregnant mares in winter have been consumed 103,8±3,12 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day, which was 27,3 % significantly higher than in the spring period – 75,4±2,18 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). Geldings have been consumed in the experiment 67,70±2,85 MJ, which was by 43,7 % higher than in the spring period – 38,05 ± 4,40 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day (P ≥ 0,999). Experimental animals have been housed in stalls; there was no energy expenditure for movement, so the amount of energy consumed in winter indicates the production of heat in the animal’s body. Pregnant mares per 100 kg of live weight have consumed 31,5±4,11 MJ of metabolic energy or 33,3 % more than in the spring period – 21,0±1,98 MJ; geldings have consumed 27,69±1,12, which was 41,78 % significantly higher than in the spring – 16,12 ± 0,75 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). The high intake of metabolic energy into the body of Yakut horses in winter is explained by the manifestation of adaptive mechanisms that affect the effective metabolism for survival, adapted to frequent changes in weather conditions and sharp temperature changes. The established differences in the biochemical parameters of blood serum of horses of Yakut breed are associated with changes in the consumption and digestibility of basic nutrients and energy, depending on the ambient temperature.

PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN RAMI (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DAUN RAMI UNTUK PENGGEMUKKAN DOMBA WONOSOBO

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Muryanto Muryanto ◽  
Pita Sudrajad ◽  
Amrih Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
The Given

The aim of the study was to determine the development of ramie plants (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) and the effect of using ramie leaves on feed on the body weight gain of Wonosobo Sheep (Dombos). Research on the development of ramie plants using survey methods in the area of ramie plant development in Wonosobo Regency. While the research on the use of ramie leaves for fattening was carried out in Butuh Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency in 2018. 21 male Dombos were divided into 3 feed treatments with forage proportions of 70%, 50% and 30 ramie leaves respectively. %. The results showed that currently ramie plants were being developed in Wonosobo Regency by CV. Ramindo Berkah Persada Sejahtera in Gandok Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency, Central Java. Until now the area of the crop has reached 13 ha. Of this area will produce ramie leaves 195,000 kg / year. If one sheep needs 4 kg of ramie / tail / day leaves, then the potential capacity of sheep is 135 heads / year, if the given one is 50% then the Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Volume 16 202 Nomor 2 – Desember 2018potential capacity is 270 heads / year and if it is reduced again to 25% of ramie leaves then the potential capacity 440 heads / year. The use of ramie leaves as a feed for Wonosobo Sheep fattening can be given as much as 30% in fresh form.

Nanoparticles and Its Implications in HIV/AIDS Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor B. Oti
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Aids

The use of Antiretroviral drugs in treating HIV/ AIDS patients has enormously increased their life spans with serious disadvantages. The virus infection still remains a public health problem worldwide with no cure and vaccine for the viral agent until now. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS is an emerging technology of the 21st century. NPs are solid and colloid particles with 10 nm to <1000 nm size range; although, less than 200 nm is the recommended size for nanomedical usage. There are NPs with therapeutic capabilities such as liposomes, micelles, dendrimers and nanocapsules. The particle enters the body mainly via oral intake, direct injection and inhalation. It has been proven to have potentials of advancing the prevention and treatment of the viral agent. Certain NPs have been shown to have selftherapeutic activity for the virus in vitro. Strategies that are novel are emerging which can be used to improve nanotechnology, such as genetic treatment and immunotherapy. In this review, nanoparticles, the types and its characteristics in drug delivery were discussed. The light was furthermore shed on its implications in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

scholarly journals The Role of Health-related Behaviors in Gestational Weight Gain among Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-sectional Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (06) ◽  
pp. 316-324
Author(s):  
Daiane Sofia Morais Paulino ◽  
Maira Pinho-Pompeu ◽  
Fernanda Raikov ◽  
Juliana Vasconcellos Freitas-Jesus ◽  
Helymar Costa Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of health-related behaviors including food intake, physical activity, sleep time, smoking habits, stress, depression, and optimism on excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) among women with overweight and obesity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Women's Hospital of the Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil, with 386 mediate postpartum women that fit the inclusion criteria of ≥ 19 years old, first prenatal care visit at or before 14 weeks, and single live baby. Dietary habits, physical exercise practice, sleep duration, smoking and alcohol habits were self-reported. Psychosocial history was evaluated using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Sociodemographic, obstetric, anthropometric, and neonatal data were retrieved from medical records. Descriptive statistics and stepwise logistic regression were performed. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 29.27% and 24.61%, respectively, according to the body mass index (BMI). Excessive GWG was observed in 47.79% of women with overweight and in 45.26% of women with obesity. Excessive GWG among overweight and obese women was associated with inadequate vegetable and bean consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–6.46 and OR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.01–3.63, respectively) and stress (OR = 1.63; 95%CI 1.01–2.64). After adjustment by maternal age, multiparity, sleep duration, smoking, and alcohol intake, we found that stress (PSS ≥ 20) was associated with excessive GWG in women with overweight or obesity (OR: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.03–2.96). Conclusion Among women with overweight and obesity, stress is the main variable associated with excessive GWG. Inadequate vegetables and beans consumption also showed association with excessive GWG.

scholarly journals Appetite disinhibition rather than hunger explains genetic effects on adult BMI trajectory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Brunner ◽  
Koutatsu Maruyama ◽  
Martin Shipley ◽  
Noriko Cable ◽  
Hiroyasu Iso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Bmi Trajectories

Abstract Background/objectives The mediating role of eating behaviors in genetic susceptibility to weight gain during mid-adult life is not fully understood. This longitudinal study aims to help us understand contributions of genetic susceptibility and appetite to weight gain. Subjects/methods We followed the body-mass index (BMI) trajectories of 2464 adults from 45 to 65 years of age by measuring weight and height on four occasions at 5-year intervals. Genetic risk of obesity (gene risk score: GRS) was ascertained, comprising 92 BMI-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms and split at a median (=high and low risk). At the baseline, the Eating Inventory was used to assess appetite-related traits of ‘disinhibition’, indicative of opportunistic eating or overeating and ‘hunger’ which is susceptibility to/ability to cope with the sensation of hunger. Roles of the GRS and two appetite-related scores for BMI trajectories were examined using a mixed model adjusted for the cohort effect and sex. Results Disinhibition was associated with higher BMI (β = 2.96; 95% CI: 2.66–3.25 kg/m2), and accounted for 34% of the genetically-linked BMI difference at age 45. Hunger was also associated with higher BMI (β = 1.20; 0.82–1.59 kg/m2) during mid-life and slightly steeper weight gain, but did not attenuate the effect of disinhibition. Conclusions Appetite disinhibition is most likely to be a defining characteristic of genetic susceptibility to obesity. High levels of appetite disinhibition, rather than hunger, may underlie genetic vulnerability to obesogenic environments in two-thirds of the population of European ancestry.

scholarly journals Eating behavior correlates of adult weight gain and obesity in healthy women aged 55–65 y

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P Hays ◽  
Gaston P Bathalon ◽  
Megan A McCrory ◽  
Ronenn Roubenoff ◽  
Ruth Lipman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Healthy Women
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