Indicators of metabolism and biochemical status of blood in horses of Yakut breed in winter and spring seasons

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
U. Khompodoeva ◽  
R. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms

The results of researches on the peculiarities of metabolism in the body of horses of Yakut breed in the winter and spring periods under the environments of Central Yakutia have been presented in the article. Physiological experiments on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed have been carried out in the winter (February) and spring (April) periods under the environments of the physiological yard in the Yakutsk Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronov with using the classical method. Five mares and five geldings of Yakut breed have been selected for researches. The average live weight of mares was 378–410 kg, geldings 394–403 kg. The experimental animals had average fatness. It has been found a higher intake of energy and the main nutrients of hay as a mono feed in winter compared to the spring period. At the same time pregnant mares in winter have been consumed 103,8±3,12 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day, which was 27,3 % significantly higher than in the spring period – 75,4±2,18 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). Geldings have been consumed in the experiment 67,70±2,85 MJ, which was by 43,7 % higher than in the spring period – 38,05 ± 4,40 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day (P ≥ 0,999). Experimental animals have been housed in stalls; there was no energy expenditure for movement, so the amount of energy consumed in winter indicates the production of heat in the animal’s body. Pregnant mares per 100 kg of live weight have consumed 31,5±4,11 MJ of metabolic energy or 33,3 % more than in the spring period – 21,0±1,98 MJ; geldings have consumed 27,69±1,12, which was 41,78 % significantly higher than in the spring – 16,12 ± 0,75 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). The high intake of metabolic energy into the body of Yakut horses in winter is explained by the manifestation of adaptive mechanisms that affect the effective metabolism for survival, adapted to frequent changes in weather conditions and sharp temperature changes. The established differences in the biochemical parameters of blood serum of horses of Yakut breed are associated with changes in the consumption and digestibility of basic nutrients and energy, depending on the ambient temperature.

Comparative evaluation of the seasonal dynamics of live weight of mares of different genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
T F Lefler ◽  
A D Volkov ◽  
Y Y Kolomeets
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Adaptive Dynamics ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Feed Temperature

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of native mares Khakass groups Orlov trotter, Russian trotter breed and Russian Heavy Draft. In horse breeding at the year-round grazing horses, the main problem associated with adverse to the body of animals and the longest winter tebenevochnym period. Quality wintering herd horses depends largely on the ability to retain fatness (conditionally resistance) during this difficult period. Applied today assessment of the herd of horses that are on tebenevke by visual inspection, does not allow to identify the start of a sharp loss of body weight, as a result of animals are depleted, which leads to an increase in the number of abortions in mares and waste both young and adult population. Investigations were carried out to study the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of mares in a year-round grazing for timely identification of the onset of critical changes. Degree horses adapt to seasonal rhythms in a year-round grazing animals reflects their annual dynamics of live weight. This indicator is one of the criteria for adaptation to breeding conditions. Comparative seasonal dynamics of the live weight of the mares of different genotypes studied by seasons by the formula AA Motorina [1]. During the year, the mares of different genotypes reacted differently to the drastically changing feed, temperature, physiological, and others. Factors. Hardier mare were Khakass groups. They are less than animals of other genotypes, react to the current level of feeding and management, sharp temperature changes. What does the change of body weight in the autumn-winter period (1.0-1.9 vs. 2.5-3.8%), autumn-spring (against 15,9-17,4 17,0-20,9) and autumn-summer (against 10,4-11,3 10,8-13,0%), indicating that a good adaptation mares Khakass groups to environmental factors.

scholarly journals USAGE OF METABOLISM ENERGY IN FORMATION OF BODY THERMAL STATE OF THE CATTLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 234-242
Author(s):  
B.P. Mokhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Discrete Heat Sources ◽  
Intracellular Metabolism ◽  
New Compounds

Scientific advances in biological sciences make it possible to significantly increase the energy efficiency of productive livestock. For life, as the highest form of existence of matter, thermal energy is of particular importance. It does not only connect the actions and interactions of all types of matter, it creates order from the chaotic movements of discrete heat sources, determining the measure of irreversible energy dissipation (entropy) and the change gradient of metabolic processes, “outflow and inflow of energy”, the state of saturation and deficiency of nutrients in the body. Metabolic energy is the energy of nutrients entering the tissues and cells of the body from the digestive tract. In the process of intracellular metabolism, substances are converted into new compounds, energy is released and accumulated. Approximately half of the energy is used in the electrochemical reactions of the synthesis of substances inherent in this organism. Heredity, age, environment, condition of animals influence their quantity and quality. The second half of the energy generated in the basic metabolism is “dissipated” and released into the internal and external environment. This part of the energy, in the thermoregulation process, provides isothermal state of the body of animals. Thermal homeostasis, the range of fluctuations in body temperature within the physiological norm is a significant part of the metabolic energy consumption. The article presents results of studying such consumptions when adapting to feeding factors and changes of weather conditions of cattle of different age and productivity.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN LINEAR MEASUREMENTS AND LIVE WEIGHT WITH AGE IN PUREBRED AND CROSSBRED PIGLETS

PIG-BREEDING ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
LEVSHIN A.D. ◽  
◽  
KULMAKOVA N.I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
The Individual

Since changes in linear measurements and the live weight of animals are manifested in a very multifaceted way, it is difficult to imagine their study and accounting using a single universal method. This problem can be solved by using a variety of methods and techniques for studying the individual development of the body. This article is devoted to the study of the features of growth and development in purebred breeding and interbreed hybridization based on the study of the intensity of live weight growth, the dynamics of average daily increases in relative growth rate and linear measurements of experimental animals.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF DAIRY COWS FEEDING STANDARDS BASED ON THE FACTORIAL METHOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Головин ◽  
Aleksandr Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Factorial Method

The aim of the study is to justify the improvement of dairy cows feeding standards with productivity 8000 kg of milk per year and live weight of 600 kg for the periods of lactation. In developing the standards it was used a new approach to determine the need for energy and nutrients through a combination of scientific and economic experiments with factorial method, which takes into account the physiological needs of the animals, to identify the relationship of the standards feeding with productivity. The scheme of the energy balance in the body of cows that when calculating the standards requirements of the metabolic energy can further take into account the factors of changes in body weight and activity. Developed regression equations and model calculation needs highly productive cows in the exchange of energy and essential nutrients using factorial method, which includes factors need to maintain life, milk production, pregnancy, gain (loss) in body weight and activity of the animals. The effect of feeding for improved standards on nutrient digestibility and utilization of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus, as well as indicators of rumen metabolism and biochemical status of cows blood with a yield of 8,000 kg of milk per year in the period calved. As a result, feeding cows for improved rate of growth in milk production for 305 days of lactation was 6.0%, with a significant increase in yield of milk fat and protein, and the cost of feed per 1 kg of milk fat standard expressed in the exchange energy were lower than controls at 3.6% in obtaining additional revenue from the sale of dairy products.

Vitamin nutrition of calves

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
G. Vyayzenen ◽  
R. Dautov ◽  
A. Vyayzenen ◽  
D. Bolshakov ◽  
N. Prodanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Daily Gain

Experimental studies have shown an increase in productivity, metabolic processes, the effectiveness of the use of nutrients and biologically active substances and the metabolic energy of diets, the health of heifers aged 1–6 months under the conditions of industrial technology of their rearing. Increasing the productivity of heifers is closely related to improving the nutrition system during all periods of rearing with the use of the vitamin complex Vitaminol in diets depending on their age and body weight. The highest effectiveness of rearing young animals has been established when using Vitaminol in doses: 1,3 g/head./day – up to 1 month, 2,4 g/head./day – 2 months, 3,3 g/head./day – 3 months, 4,3 g/head./day – 4 months, 4,8 g/head./day – 5 months and 5,3 g/head./day – at the age of 6 months. Differentiated feeding of optimal doses of feed additives to calves increases the digestibility of dry matter by 1,41–10,8 %, organic matter by 1,6–10,0 %, raw protein by 1,6–6,8 %, raw fat by 1,4–8,7 %, raw fiber by 1,5–3,0 % and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 1,6–6,0 % depending on age and body weight (from 1 to 6 months inclusive). It has a positive effect on the absorption of nitrogen and the use of calcium and phosphorus in the body. The use of Vitaminol in diets of calves contributes to an increase in live weight and average daily gain compared to the control group. In calves up to one month of age (at the dose of 1,3 g/head/day) live weight increased by 6,5 %, the average daily gain by 11,4 %, in 2 months (at the dose of 2,4 g/head/day) these indicators were 2,9 and 2,6 %, respectively, at 3 months (at the dose of 3,3 g/head/day) – 3,4 and 8,2 %, in 4 months (at the dose of 4,3 g/head/day) – 6,7 and 12,8 %, in 5 months (at the dose of 4,8 g/head/day) – 4,4 and 3,6 % and at 6 months (at the dose of 5,3 g/head/day) – 4,3 and 2,7 %, respectively. In order to improve the quality of feeding when rearing calves, more fully realize their genetic potential, increase productivity and use of nutrients in diets and normalize metabolic processes in the body we recommend the optimal doses of the feed additive Vitaminol depending on age (g/head/day): 1,3 – in 1 month, 2,4 – in 2 months, 3,3 – in 3 months, 4,3 – in 4 months, 4,8 – in 5 months, 5,3 – in 6 months. Feed additive Vitaminol enter into the composition of complete feed, wet feed mixtures and feed to calves 1 time per day.

scholarly journals RADIOPROTECTOR AND GROWTH-STIMULATING PROPERTIES OF WATER-ALCOHOLIC EMULSION OF PROPOLIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Nikolay Gaponov
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Economic Experience ◽  
Radioprotective Properties ◽  
Water Alcohol

The results of a study of the water-alcohol propolis emulsion on the body of young pigs are presented. According to the results of the studies, the positive effects of the preparation of the water-alcohol emulsion of the propolis on the costs of feed, nutrients, metabolic energy and radio-protective properties of the drug in the resulting pig products and offal were established. In recent years, a search has been conducted for new substances that do not cause side effects in conditions of chronic intake of radionuclides in small doses. As radioprotective agents, the most promising are those that, with moderate radioprotective effectiveness, do not cause side effects and increase the body's resistance. One of the promising tools in this regard may be propolis and preparations prepared on its basis. In this regard, the goal of research was; to study on young pigs radioprotective and growth-promoting properties of a water-alcohol emulsion of propolis. To achieve the goals, a scientific and economic experiment was conducted. Two groups of piglets nursery were formed, with an average live weight of 12.0 kg, with a period of setting the scientific and economic experience of 60 days. As a result of scientific and economic experiments, it was found that the growth rate of piglets during rearing in the experimental groups was higher, and the costs of feed units, metabolic energy and digestible protein were lower. In the slaughter products, a positive dynamics of the radioprotective properties of the propolis preparation was established.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Growth and Development of pygmy rabbits using the preparation «EM-Kurunga»

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Г. Пузина
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Active Supplement ◽  
Pygmy Rabbits

Анализируется воздействие микробиологического препарата «ЭМ-Курунга» на рост и развитие карликовых кроликов первых трёх месяцев жизни. Исследуется влияние данного препарата на живую массу крольчат, гнезда, прирост живой массы, а также на индекс сбитости и показатели крови крольчат. В качестве объекта исследования выступили крольчата пород карликовый баран и карликовый заяц. Проведённые исследования показали, что подопытные животные отличались незначительным преимуществом при оценке прироста живой массы. При оценке живой массы гнезда прослеживается тенденция к незначительному увеличению под воздействием биологически активной добавки «ЭМ-Курунга». Индекс сбитости под воздействием препарата не изменился. Количество эритроцитов и гемоглобина у подопытных животных было выше, чем в контрольных группах. Все полученные данные свидетельствуют, что воздействие препарата на исследованные показатели незначительно и недостоверно. The effect of the microbiological preparation "EM-Kurunga" on the growth and development of pygmy rabbits of the first three months of life is analyzed. The effect of this preparation on the live weight of infant rabbits, nests, body weight gain as well as on the blockiness index and blood values of infant rabbits is studied. The object of the study was infant rabbit of the pygmy ram and pygmy hare breeds. Conducted researches have shown that experimental animals had a slight advantage in assessing the body weight gain. When assessing the live weight of the nest, there is a tendency to slightly increase under the influence of the biologically active supplement "EM-Kurunga". The blockiness index under the influence of the preparation did not change. The numbers of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the experimental animals were higher than in the control groups. All the obtained data indicate that the effect of the preparation on the examined indicators is insignificant and unreliable.

scholarly journals Fattening of culled cattle with the use of complex feed additives in the diets in the conditions of Yakutia

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
M F Grigorev ◽  
A I Grigoreva ◽  
N M Chernogradskaya ◽  
Z G Tatarinova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The paper presents the results of a study to determine the effectiveness of complex feed additives in the fattening of culled cattle in the conditions of Yakutia. To conduct the experiment, 3 groups of culled cattle were formed. The use of complex feed additives from local natural raw materials in the feeding of culled cattle on fattening allowed increasing the live weight by 1.58% and 0.26%. To determine the safety of experimental feed additives, the clinical parameters of the body of experimental animals were studied. It was found that there was no significant difference between the groups and all the indicators were within the normal range, which in turn proves the harmlessness of complex feed additives. At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter of experimental animals was carried out. When analyzing the data of animal slaughter, it was found that the experimental groups were superior to the control group in terms of parameters: the mass of the steam carcass by 5.53% and 3.61%, the mass of visceral fat by 9.39% and 1.77%, the slaughter mass by 6.07% and 3.87%, the slaughter yield by 2.76% and 2.06%. Next, the organoleptic evaluation of meat products was performed. According to the results of the evaluation of boiled meat, it was found that the experimental groups exceed the control group by 12.92% and 8.33%, and exceed the roasted meat by 11.87% and 8.19%. Thus, complex feed additives showed effectiveness in fattening culled cattle in the conditions of Yakutia.

Assessment of the proportion of chemical fat in the bodies of live sheep

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Guerra ◽  
C. J. Thwaites ◽  
T. N. Edey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Condition Index ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Body Condition Scores

SUMMARYThe ability of subjectively assessed body condition scores, direct measurements of backfat depth, and an objective body condition index (based on the size/weight relationship), to predict the proportion of chemical fat in the body of the live sheep was investigated in three groups of Merino ewes. All three techniques possessed a similar, and practically acceptable ability to predict the proportion of chemical fat in the fleece-free empty body. However, both live weight and fleece-free empty body weight possessed similar predictive powers, and the method of choice in any particular situation could thus be determined by the availability of weighing facilities and the need for speed, objectivity and for minimizing interference with the experimental animals.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

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