scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Ficus Benghalensis Emulgel for its Anti- Rheumatoid Arthritis Effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Sonali ◽  
Mohd. Aqil Siddiqui ◽  
Amresh Gupta ◽  
Arpita Singh ◽  
Nitish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Release Method

The current study focuses on the development and characterization of ficus benghalensis powdered aerial roots emulgel to avoid the first-pass effect and strengthen bioavailability while reducing dosage intervals and dose-related deleterious reactions. three formulations with the same concentration and different polymers were formulated. Ethanolic and petroleum ether extract of dried aerial roots of ficus benghalensis were prepared by using different gelling agents like  Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, and Xanthane gum was formulated. The prepared formulations were evaluated for their qualitative as well as quantitative tests, physical appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, consistency, homogeneity, moisture loss, and finally in vitro anti-arthritic activity. Depending on the outcomes, it was observed that to all the formulation, F1 formulation containing Carbopol 940 with 4.6% moisture loss, 3780.3±5.0 viscosity and 6.1±0.1 PH and 43.7±1.53 spreadability shows better activity then all the other. Herbal emulgel of ethanolic extract of dried aerial roots of ficus benghalensis line, when compared with diclofenac emulgel, confirms the anti-arthritic activity through invitro release method.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AERIAL ROOTS OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS LINN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Kamalika Mazumder ◽  
Himangshu S Maji ◽  
Nripendra N Bala
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Aerial Roots

Objective: Ficus benghalensis Linn. (Moraceae family) is commonly known as banyan tree in English, which is used traditionally in India. The literature survey showed that the aerial roots of this plant are yet to be explored. Our main interest is to evaluate its pharmacognostic and phytochemical character by the standard monograph and to explore its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo analgesic activity study with ethyl acetate extract.Methods: Pharmacognostic evaluation and phytochemical screening have been done using standard monograph. An in vitro antioxidant activity using ethyl acetate extract has been done using four different methods. In vivo analgesic activity of the ethyl acetate extract has been evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and tail flick method.Results: Aerial roots of F. benghalensis have been found the rich source of steroidal glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tri-terpenoids, and phenols. The presence of phellem, phellogen, xylem, and phloem has been found after microscopic investigation. All the pharmacognostic parameters proved its purity. Results showed the absence of heavy metals. The ethyl acetate extract has shown potent antioxidant activity at 100 μg/ml concentration and higher analgesic activity at the concentration of 400 mg/kg than 200 mg/kg.Conclusion: Pharmacognostic characteristics and phytochemical properties revealed in this study could be used for the pharmacopoeial standard. Ethyl acetate extract showed potent antioxidant and analgesic activity.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A PERIODONTAL BIOADHESIVE GEL OF GATIFLOXACIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Hanan Jalal Kassab ◽  
Lena Murad Thomas ◽  
Saba Abdulhadi Jabir
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymers ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Evaluation Parameters

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a bioadhesive gel of gatifloxacin for the treatment of periodontal diseases.Methods: Periodontal gels of gatifloxacin were prepared using different hydrophilic polymers such as carbopol 940 (CP 940), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) in varied concentrations, either alone or as a combination. The prepared gels were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH, drug content, viscosity, bioadhesiveness and in vitro drug release profile. The influence of the type and the concentration of polymer on the drug release as well as on viscosity and mucoadhesiveness of prepared gels were investigated.Results: The prepared gels showed acceptable physical properties concerning color, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, and pH value. Using different polymer types at different concentrations, as well as different polymer combinations, play a significant role in the variation of overall characteristics of formulations. Increasing the concentration of polymer increased the viscosity as well as mucoadhesion, and reduced drug release rate. Formulation F 11 (1 % CP 940 and 5 % CMC) was selected as the formula of choice based on the data of various evaluation parameters such as pH, drug content, viscosity, spreadability and bioadhesion as well as its ability to show a prolonged drug release pattern.Conclusion: The obtained results show that a bioadhesive periodontal gel of gatifloxacin can be prepared using hydrophilic polymers, and by using a combination of polymers the viscosity, mucoadhesiveness, spreadability and release behavior can be optimized.

scholarly journals In Vitro Clot Dissolving Activity of Carbomer Based Gel Containing Ethanolic Extract of Calotropis Gigantea Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Prerna Alawa ◽  
Mayank Tenguria ◽  
Vijayshree Nilofey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Clot ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
The Family ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Blood clotting is an important and vital process that takes places in humans, animals and birds. At the same time blood clots sometimes considered an issue when developed in the circulatory system due to failure of hemostasis causes vascular blockage and leads to serious consequences in thrombolytic diseases such as acute myocardial or cerebral infarction which may cause death. Certain substances like Alteplase, anistreplase, streptokinase, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, Heparin and Aspirin are used as clot dissolving agents. Plants have also been proved to perform such activity. Calotropis gigantea L. is a traditional medicinal plant with several pharmacological properties belongs to the family Apocyanaceae of Asclepiadaceous was investigated for its efficacy for blood clot dissolving activity under in vitro conditions when incorporated into carbomer based gels. The ethanolic extract of the leaves of C. gigantea was prepare by soxhlation which upon analysis reported to contain alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins as usual components as were reported in earlier investigations. There were 3 gels with ethanolic leaf extract C. gigantea with 1 mg, 0.5 mg and 0.25 mg per gram of 1% Carbopol-940 gel containing methyl paraben, glycerol and water. The two gels containing sterile distilled water and 0.1 mg per gram gel streptokinase enzyme served as –ve and positive controls respectively. The in vitro thrombolytic of clot dissolving activity war performed on goat blood collected from slaughter houses. From the results the percentage clot dissolving activity of gels containing 1 mg, 0.5 mg and 0.25 mg C. gigantea extract per gram were reported as 34%, 27% and 14% respectively considered significant when compared to the activity of standard streptokinase in the gel. The activity of these experimental gels describes the possibility of development of new safe, and non reactive topical anti-clot gel products using herbal or plant components like C. gigantea extracts. Keywords: Calotropis gigantea L, Streptokinase, Thrombolytic activity, Carbopol gel, Biopharmaceutical.

Characterization of the antioxidant fraction of Trapa japonica pericarp and its hepatic protective effects in vitro and in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1689-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yon-Suk Kim ◽  
Eun-Kyung Kim ◽  
Jin-Woo Hwang ◽  
Il-Bok Seo ◽  
Jae-Hyuk Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Protective Effects

The ethanolic extract of Trapa japonica pericarp (TJP) and its various fractions were evaluated for their antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds from Syzygium malaccense leaves: optimization of the extraction process, biological and chemical characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Savi ◽  
Matheus Augusto Calegari ◽  
Gabrielle Cristina Calegari ◽  
Vidiany Aparecida Queiroz Santos ◽  
Denise Wermuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability

Syzygium malaccense belongs to the family Myrtaceae and it is popularly recognised as ‘jambo’ in Brazil. It is poorly studied regarding the bioactive compounds of fruits and leaves. This study aimed at optimizing the extraction and characterization of bioactives compounds from S. malaccense leaves. Extraction was optimized using a 23 full factorial design to evaluate the effect of ethanol concentration, time and temperature on polyphenols and antioxidants contents. Analyses of phenolic compounds content (Folin-Ciocalteau and HPLC-DAD), in vitro antioxidant capacities (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP), antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts of ethanolic extract was carried out in optimal conditions of extraction. The optimized extraction condition was 45 min., 80°C and 40:60 (v v-1) ethanol:water. The extract showed high total phenolic content (0.074 mg GAE kg-1), DPPH (0.666 μmol TE kg-1) and ABTS (0.853 μmol TE kg-1) free radical scavenging ability and appreciable ferric reducing power (1.267 μmol Fe2+ kg-1). HPLC methodology allowed the identification of four bioactive compounds: gallic acid (0.00036 mg kg-1), catechin (0.00021 mg kg-1), rutin (0.00027 mg kg-1) and quercetin (0.00003 mg kg-1). The extract showed inhibitory activity against S. aureus (1 µg L-1); S. bongori (8 µg L-1), C. albicans and C. tropicalis (2 µg L-1). It also showed microbicidal potential against S. aureus; C. albicans and C. tropicalis.

scholarly journals Use of Aerial Roots of Ficus benghalensis for Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Tarannum Rashid Patave ◽  
Aquil-Ur Rahim Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Aerial Roots

Basically, nanosubstances are developed by a variety of chemical methods which are not environmentally providential. Aim: The present research work deals with the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aerial root of Ficus benghalensis extract. The absolute reduction of silver ions was observed after 48 h of reaction when extact combine with aqueous solution of Silver nitrate. The visual colour changes were observed during the reduction of silver ion into the silver nanoparticles in the reaction mixture allows producing dark brown colour. The formed silver nanoparticles was purified by high speed centrifugation, collected and stored for further characterization. Methodology: The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, and characterised by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern, FTIR, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Zeta potentiometry, ICP-AES. Results: The results showed that UV peak at 437.5 nm, the silver content estimation by ICP-AES was found to be 413.06 µg/mL and images were recorded by using High resolution TEM. Synthesized AgNPs were found to be effective against micro-organisms responsible for bacterial infections like Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). Further In-vitro cytocompatibility studies showed lack of toxicity at even higher concentration.  Conclusion: Still, these Silver Nanoparticles are cytotoxic in nature and could serve as a good green method for synthesis of silver nanoparticle by using plant extract. 

scholarly journals STUDYING THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GELLING AGENT ON THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METRONIDAZOLE AS TOPICAL EMULGEL

2019 ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOOR M DAOOD ◽  
ZAINAB E JASSIM ◽  
MOWAFAQ M GAREEB ◽  
HIBA ZEKI
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Topical Dosage ◽  
Metronidazole Benzoate

Objective: Emulgels as topical dosage form recently gains an interest represent a combination of gels and emulsions in united form. Metronidazole is an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug, as the first topical therapy approved for rosacea; metronidazole has remained a cornerstone of rosacea management. Methods: Emulgel formulations of metronidazole benzoate were prepared using two types of gelling agents, Carbopol 940 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the influence of type and concentration of them on the release of metronidazole benzoate was investigated. The prepared formulations were evaluated on the basis of pH, spreadability, viscosity, drug content, in vitro release, and compatibility studies. Results: All the prepared emulgels showed acceptable physical properties concerning color, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, and pH value. Conclusion: The best formulation (F4) prepared using Carbopol 940 as gelling agent showed the highest drug release through 5 h.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PERIODONTAL FILMS CONTAINING AZITHROMYCIN AND SERRATIOPEPTIDASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Soniya Rani ◽  
Nardev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Enzyme Release ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Folding Endurance

Objective: The objective of the present work was to formulate and evaluate periodontal film, which could be capable of delivering therapeutic concentration of azithromycin and serratiopeptidase for a prolonged period of time and could be easily placed into the periodontal pocket. Methods: The films were prepared by solvent casting method using combinations of ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 50 cps, eudragit L-100, and Chitosan in different ratios using dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer. The periodontal films were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, percentage moisture absorption, percentage moisture loss, folding endurance, percentage swelling index, percentage elongation, and in vitro percentage cumulative drug-enzyme release profile. Results: Formulation F12 was found to be a good periodontal film. Hence, it was considered as an optimized formulation. In vitro drug-enzyme release rate studies using keshary-chien diffusion cell showed maximum drug release in F12 formulation (95.92% for azithromycin and 94.20% for serratiopeptidase at the end of 24 h) compared to other formulations. Conclusion: The optimized formulation F12 showed the best drug-enzyme release profile among the others for the preparation of periodontal film. There is a scope for the further study and development of the azithromycin and serratiopeptidase periodontal films.

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