scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF THE SQUARE OF BEETS PLANTS OF BEETS DEPENDING ON VARIETY SPECIAL FEATURES AND TERMS OF SEEDING UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Inna Palamarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period

The results of studies on the dynamics of the formation of the area of leaves of plants of beetroot canteen depending on varietal characteristics and sowing time in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Right-Bank Ukraine are presented. The dependence of the growth and development of beetroot plants on varietal characteristics and sowing dates, as well as on weather conditions that were in the studied time, was revealed. The largest number of leaves in the phase of intensive root formation was formed by plants with a sowing period of I decade of May: 13.3 pcs. / plant – Bordo Kharkivskiy, 13.1 pcs. / plant – Opolskiy. The greatest mass of the root crop in the phase of intensive root formation was planted at a sowing period of the third decade of April: the Bordo Kharkivskiy – 72.4 g, the variety Opolskiy – 43.5 g. The same pattern was observed when taking into account the mass of the aerial part of beetroot. In the Bordo Kharkivskiy variety, it varied from 92.4 g to 87.5 g depending on the sowing time, in the Opolskiy variety from 33.7 g to 31.7 g, that is, the beet plants of the Bordo Kharkivskiy cultivar formed a significantly larger mass of the aerial part in comparison with the Opolskiy variety. Plants were sown with the largest leaf area at a sowing period of the 3rd decade of April: in the Bordo Kharkivskiy – 1.2 – 4.0 thousand m2 / ha, in the Opolskiy variety – 1.0 – 2.3 thousand m2 / ha. According to the results of the crop accounting, it was found that it depended on the variety and sowing period of beetroot. On average, over the years of research, the highest yield was observed with a sowing period of the third decade of April: 63.1 t / ha for the Bordo Kharkivskiy variety, 55.9 t / ha for the Opolskiy variety.

scholarly journals On the Quality of Bare-Grained Oats and Influence of its Cultivation Technology Elements on the Yie

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1754-1759
Author(s):  
Elena Anatolyevna Yegushova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Sowing Period

The research was carried out with the aim to establish the formation regularity of both yield and its elements, as well as to formulate technological and quality indicators of bare-grained oats under the influence of different sowing periods. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe zone of the Kemerovo region (Russia) on the territory belonging to the Kemerovo Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the SFNCA RAS in 2018-2019. The soil of the site is leached chernozem, heavy loamy in granulometric composition, of medium thickness. The object of research was the mid-season variety of bare-grained oats Bare-grained. The predecessor is pure steam. Sowing was carried out in three periods: early – on May 4 (when the soil was physically ripe, subsequent ones with an interval of 8-10 days, depending on the prevailing weather conditions), medium - on May 12 and 14, late - on May 20 and 24. Against the background of each sowing period, the seeding rates of 4.0 were studied; 4.5; 5.0; 5.5; 6.0 million crops/ha. It has been established that the optimal sowing time for obtaining high quantitative indicators (yield, number of grains, grain size) of bare-grained oats in the northern forest-steppe of the Kemerovo region is an early period (first decade of May); while a later period (third decade of May) is more promising for such high-quality indicators as protein content, fat in grain, essential and nonessential amino acids, etc. The optimal seeding rate for bare-grained oats at early sowing period is 4.0-4.5 million/ha. At a later period, it is advisable to increase the seeding rate to 5.0-5.5 million/ha.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the availability of available moisture in soil by optimization of sowing time and density of statement of sunflower plants in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Hennadii Pinkovskyi ◽  
Semen Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
To Receive

Abstract. The article presents the results of scientific researches on the influence of sowing time and density of standing of sunflower plants on the dynamics of the content of available moisture in soil in the conditions of the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine. One of the decisive factors for the achievement of high and sustainable crop yields in the conditions of unstable moistening of the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine is the accumulation and rational use of moisture, which is one of the most important unregulated factors limiting the yield. On average, during the years of research, the most available moisture in the 0-10 cm soil layer was in the first sowing period - when it was heated to a depth of seed 5 - 60C and was 25.0 mm. It was found that the moisture available to plants in the meter layer of soil at the time of sowing remained high and significantly influenced the dynamics of emergence of seedlings. On average, during the years of research, the most available moisture in the 0-100 cm soil layer was during the first sowing period - for warming it to a depth of seed 5 - 60C - 178.6 mm. In such conditions, quite favorable conditions of moistening of the sowing layer of soil are created in order to receive friendly and complete seedlings when sowing in the first - second decade of April. However, at the end of the third decade of April, there is a significant decrease in gross moisture reserves in the sowing and deeper layers of soil, which limits the productivity of crops. Of particular importance for sunflower plants is the content of available moisture in the 0 - 100 cm layer of soil after the formation of baskets. During this period, the sunflower intensively consumes the available moisture from the deeper layers of soil. Analyzing the results of the research, it should be noted that in most cases, a higher seed yield in sunflower hybrids was formed in those variants where the period from the formation of the basket to flowering occurred in June or the first decade of July, regardless of the year of fall medium long-term indicators. It was also found that the moisture available to plants in the meter layer of soil in the flowering phase was different during the years of research and varied in terms of sowing and depended on the density of plants. The highest moisture reserves available to the plants in the soil layer were 0-100 cm, in the crops of Forward hybrids, LG 56.32, LG 54.85, LG 55.82 were at planting densities of 60 thousand hectares, at the first sowing period - in the flowering phase - 127 mm.  The optimal sunflower sowing period for LG 55.82 and LG 54.85 hybrids in the Right Bank steppe is soil warming up to a depth of seed 5-60C, for Forward and LG 56.32 hybrids is warming up to, a depth of seed 9-100C, optimal density - 60 thousand on ha. Under these conditions, the LG 55.82 hybrid produced a yield of 3.85 t / ha, the LG hybrid 54.85 - 3.64 t / ha, the Forward - 3.09 t / ha, the LG hybrid 56.32 - 3.62 t / ha. Taking into account the annual variation of weather conditions of spring sowing, it should be differentiated with regard to water and heat regimes.

scholarly journals Productivity and economic efficiency of growing sunflower depending on the sowing time and plant density in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
H. Pinkovskyi ◽  
S. Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article covers the results of research on the management of elements of technology and the influence of factors on the productivity of sunflower. The field experiment was conducted in the experimental field of IAS NAAS Kirovohrad region. The level of sunflower productivity is determined by the conditions of water and nutrient regimes of soil. According to the results of research it was established that at the time of sowing reserves of available moisture in 0–100 cm of the soil layer were the largest during the first sowing period and amounted to 178.6 mm. Such moisture reserves create favorable conditions for moistening the seed layer of soil to obtain friendly and full seedlings when sowing in the first – second decade of April. The use of moisture by sowing sunflowers can be regulated by sowing dates to some extent. Shifting sowing dates to earlier ones makes it possible to change the conditions of growth and development of sunflower plants, namely, the plants are better provided with moisture, and it is possible to avoid critical temperature periods of plant development. The high reserves of productive moisture for plants in 0–100 cm soil layer, in crops of Forward, LG 56.32, LG 54.85, LG 55.82 hybrids were for plant density of 60 thousand per hectare, at the first sowing period – in the flowering phase they were 127 mm. The content of nutrients the soil changed both over the years and under the influence of different fertilizer backgrounds. Application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers in the dose of N40P40K40 and N40P40K40 + by-products of the predecessor allows to increase the content of nutrients available to plants in soil and to increase soil fertility. Due to economic indicators, the optimal time of sunflower sowing for hybrids LG 55.82 and LG 54.85 is warming soil at the depth of seed wrapping up to 5–6 °C, for hybrids Forward and LG 56.32 is warming soil at the depth of seed wrapping up to 9–10 °C, optimal density – 60 thousand/ha. In such conditions, the LG 55.82 hybrid formed the highest yield – 3.85 t/ha, LG 54.85 hybrid – 3.64 t/ha, Forward – 3.09 t/ha, LG 56.32 hybrid – 3.62 t/ha. Key words: sunflower, soil nutrient regime, water regime of soil, yield, profitability, net profit.

scholarly journals THE DURATION OF THE GROWING SEASON AND THE INTERPHASE PERIODS OF SOYBEAN VARIETIES DEPENDING ON THE TIMING OF SOWING AND SEEDING RATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Polishchuk ◽  
Nataliia Yurchenko ◽  
Mikhaylo Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Right ◽  
Generative Organs

The results of studies of the duration of interphase periods and vegetation of soybean varieties of different groups of ripeness depending on the sowing time according to the soil temperature regime of 6°C, 8 °C, 10 °C, 12 °C, and seed rates of 600, 700,800 and 900 thousand pieces per 1 ha were conducted. Weather conditions are analyzed and the influence of the studied factors on the features of the formation of linear plant sizes and generative organs and productivity is studied. It was found that the duration of interphase periods, depending on the timing of sowing over soil temperature conditions, was longer in the early stages and decreased according to an increase in the rate of sowing seeds and sowing at a later date, while the total duration of the growing season and individual interphase periods is determined by the genetic characteristics of soybean varieties of different ripeness groups. The conclusions are made according to the results of the research and have scientific and applied value for the producers in cultivation of soybeans in the conditions of the Forest Steppe of the Right Bank.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

scholarly journals Study on the Morpho-physiological Character of Four Quality Protein of Maize (Corn)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
SK Mondal ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Physiological Character ◽  
Physiological Variability ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The experiment was conducted to find out the morpho-physiological variability in response to different sowing dates in four lines of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) in in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The study was carried out with four lines of maize and two sowing dates, 15 November (T1) and 15 December, ((T2). Sowing date differed significantly in plant height, length of leaf blade, length of leaf sheath, leaf breadth, cob length, cob diameter, length of tassel, days to 50% tasselling, days to 50 % silking, days to maturity, number of cobs per plant, cob weight, number of grain per cob. 1000-seed weight, percent underdeveloped cob, total dry matter and grain yield, but did not differ in number of leaves and protein percent. The lines differed significantly among themselves in those characters except number of leaves per plant, length of leaf sheath, cob length, cob diameter, days to 50% tasselling, number of cobs per plants and number of grain per cob. The line Across 8666 (V2) and (V3) gave the highest grain yield 4.57 and 4.55 and the lowest from (V4) lines 4.41 tons per hectare. The 15 November sowing time (T1) gave the highest grain yield 4.86 tons per hectare. In case of interaction, the earlier planting time (T1) showed better performance with all lines. On the other hand, the highest yield was found from combination of line V2 and V3 with earlier planting time (T1).J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 117-124 2017

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF THE PREPARATION ROSTMOMENT ON SUNFLOWER CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE RIGHT-BANK

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Ivan Polishchuk ◽  
Mykhailo Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Formation Phase

The results of the use of a yeast preparation on sunflower crops for 2016-2017 have been presented. A positive effect of the researched preparation on the growth and development of sunflower crops of the Neoma hybrid has been established. The preparation Rostmoment increased the height of sunflower plants with a single treatment by 6 cm, and with a two-time treatment of crops by 11 cm, the diameter of the baskets increased by 2.0 cm and 6.3 cm, respectively, against untreated crops. The mass of thousand achenes has been increased by 0.7 g with a single treatment and 2.2 g with a double treatment. The oil content during one-time processing in the basket formation phase was 50.7%, when used twice in the phase of flowering, 51.9%, while in the control its content was 49.2%. Weather conditions in the years of the study significantly affected the productivity of the sunflower of Neom hybrid, especially in terms of moisture supply, and the best conditions for the study of the crop were in 2016, where 209 mm fell during the growing season. precipitation with a uniform distribution. The temperature regime of air on average over the period of sunflower vegetation was 16.5 ºС. The weather conditions of 2017 significantly differed in the amount of precipitation, their distribution and temperature regime, versus 2016. Thus, in 2017, 374 mm of rain fell in the form of prolonged and heavy rainfall, which were unevenly distributed over the decades and months. Such weather conditions caused alternation of excessive moisture and drought during certain periods of growth and development of sunflower plants of the Neoma hybrid, while the average air temperature was 16.2° C. Under such extreme conditions of vegetation periods in the years of research, on average for two years, the yield of sunflower seeds on an untreated experiment was 3.32 t / ha and oil yield 1.64 t / ha. The 2016 yield was slightly higher, 3.43 t / ha and an oil yield of 1.43 t / ha. The use of Rostmoment during a one-time treatment in the basket formation phase led to an increase in yield over two years, which amounted to 3.63 t / ha, and in 2016 - 3.82 t / ha. The use of the studied drug even in the phase of the beginning of flowering contributed to an increase in the yield of seeds in two years to 3.89 t / ha, and in a more favourable 2016 - 4.02 t / ha. The average oil yield per hectare over two years for a one-time treatment of plants was 1.87 t / ha, and for a two-time treatment it was 2.02 t / ha, whereas in 2016 these figures were respectively 1.96 and 2.11 t / ha. The research having been conducted for two years indicated the positive effect of the yeast preparation Rostmoment on sunflower crops, which positively influenced the growth and development of the crops and increased the productivity of the Neoma hybrid in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The obtained results are of practical value and can be used by producers in the development and application of technologies for the cultivation of sunflower for increasing the productivity of crops and the ecological state of the agroecosystem. The preparation Rostmoment must be introduced into vegetation plants in the basket formation phase and in the phase of the beginning of the sunflowers’ blossoming, normally 4 kg per 300 l of water per 1 ha of sowing. Key words: sunflower, hybrid, Rostmoment, plant height, basket diameter, oil content, yield, weight of 1000 seeds, oil yield.

Yieldcapacity of soybean varieties with various vegetation periods, depending on sowing time in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Y.M. Ohurtsov ◽  
О.О. Loshak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Soybean Plants

Sowing is one of the most important agronomic measures in soybean cultivation. However, today in Ukraine there is no universal approach to defining the optimal sowing time. Some researchers assert that one should rely on the calendar period of sowing; other specialists argue that the spring features should be the primary determinant; the third group think that the thermal conditions at a depth of 10 cm is the main factor; and according to the fourth opinion, soil and clime characteristics are critical. The hydrothermal conditions in the years of our research deviated significantly from the annual average. Thus, the hydrothermal coefficient during the soybean growing period in 2018 was 0.34, and in 2019 it was 0.52, indicating that the cultivation conditions were arid (0.5 <HTC <0.9). The experiments showed a clear downward trend in the growing period length and upward trends in the field germinability of seeds and leaf surface area when soybean was sown in soil warmed to 14-16оС on May 10-15. In this case, the biometric parameters of soybean plants improved, and the yield increased by 0.15-0.16 t/ha. Keywords: soybean varieties, weather conditions, sowing time, field germinability of seeds, plant survival, photosynthetic and symbiotic activities of plants, grain yield.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and auxin associated with microelements in the development of cuttings of Varronia leucocephala

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica D. S. da S. Fernandes ◽  
Marciana B. de Morais ◽  
Francisco F. Mesquita-Oliveira ◽  
Cláudia Ulisses ◽  
José F. de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

ABSTRACT The plant Varronia leucocephala is widely used in Brazil for its therapeutic properties. However, a major problem for the seedlings is the low percentage of root formation. The objective of this study was to establish a rooting protocol for V. leucocephala cuttings, using phytoregulators and microelements associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentration of 1500 mg L-1 showed the best rooting percentage, and it is proposed associating the microelements zinc and boron with the highest IBA doses. Although an increase in the rooting percentage was observed in the presence of zinc, it was not the most suitable for improving the percentage of propagation. Consequently, association of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with 1500 mg L-1 IBA plus zinc was selected to evaluate the rooting percentage and sprouting of the aerial part, dry biomass of roots and aerial part, number of leaves, height, mycorrhizal colonization and dependency, spore density, and nutrients of branches and roots. These results show that using zinc with the highest doses of IBA (1500 mg L-1) in plants inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Gigaspora albida) was the most effective at promoting the vegetative propagation of V. leucocephala.

scholarly journals Evaluation of climate change influence on agroclimatic conditions of sunflower growing in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
О.L. Zhygailo ◽  
T.S. Zhygailo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Right

The problem of climate change and global warming both in whole and in particular has become one of the most serious and urgent directions of scientific and technical activity at the present stage. The future food security of Ukraine depends on the effectiveness of adaptation of agriculture to new conditions dictated by the global anthropogenic warming. In order to evaluate possible impact of climate change in Ukraine on agroclimatic indicators the scenario A1B - "moderate" was used providing a balance between all energy sources. Researches of sunflower harvest formation are carried out using a dynamic model of agricultural crops productivity. For a comparative analysis of scenary meteorological variables with previous data the period from 1986 to 2005 is taken from agroclimatic directory of Ukraine. It serves as a base when performing calculations. According to calculations of A1B climate change scenario, periods of sowing and subsequent phases of development will occur earlier than at present, which will lead to reduction of the whole vegetation period at most parts of the area under study. As a result of comparative analysis of temperature and precipitation regime it was found that, subject to implementation of the climate change scenario under study, expected weather conditions will be more favourable for cultivation of sun-flower in the Western and Central forest-steppe, as well as at the Right-Bank Ukraine and in the Donetsk sub-zone of Northern steppe of Ukraine.

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