scholarly journals Serum Interleukin 4 and 6 Levels Measured Using the ELISA Method in Patients with Acquired Bronchiectasis Compared to Healthy Subjects. An anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory relation

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2410-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Lesan ◽  
Milena Adina Man ◽  
Roxana Maria Nemes ◽  
Tudor Harsovescu ◽  
Ioan Sorin Tudorache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Immunodeficiency Disorder ◽  
The Mean

Evaluation of the inflammatory response based on the Interleukin 4 and Interleukin 6 levels in patients with acquired bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis) and healthy controls. The study was conducted on a group of 77 subjects, divided into 2 lots: the first lot consisting of 57 patients with acquired bronchiectasis objectified by Computed Tomography and 20 healthy individuals. The serum Interleukins 4 and 6 levels were measured using the ELISA biochemical spectrophotometry test. The results are significant from a statistical point of view, especially when it comes to the mean value of Interleukin 4 that was much higher in the control lot. Interleukin 4 is a proinflammatory cytokine and therefore we can draw the conclusion that to some extent bronchiectasis can be associated with an immunodeficiency disorder prior to the pathology itself or it can be caused by the pathology. Future research is open in this field for the analysis of interleukin levels in bronchioloalveolar lavage compared to serum levels.

scholarly journals Inflammatory reaction in patients with acquired bronchiectasis based on the interleukin 1α and interleukin 10 levels measured using the ELISA method

Pneumologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Andrei Lesan ◽  
Carmen Monica Pop
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Interleukin 1Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the pro- and anti-inflammatory response based on the interleukin 1α and interleukin 10 levels in the serum of patients with acquired bronchiectasis and healthy controls. This study was conducted on 77 subjects, divided into two lots: one lot comprising 57 patients with the aforementioned bronchiectasis and the second one comprising 20 healthy control subjects. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to perform the spectrophotometry test for the serum to detect and measure interleukin 1α and interleukin 10 levels. The results were significant from a statistical point on view but only in terms of the mean value of interleukin 10 that was much higher in the anti-inflammatory cytokine. Therefore, we can assume that there is a systemic anti-inflammatory reaction to the inflammation caused by bronchiectasis. Interleukin 1α is unspecific, and the values were similar in both groups; therefore, this interleukin should not be researched further in this direction. Future research is open in this field for the analysis of interleukin levels in bronchoalveolar lavage compared to serum levels.

A Comparative Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Total Proteins and Immunoglobulins in Patients with Hepatitis A and Healthy Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1128
Author(s):  
Daniela G. Balan ◽  
Dan Piperea Sianu ◽  
Iulia I. Stanescu ◽  
Dorin Ionescu ◽  
Andra Elena Stroescu Balcangiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Immunological Tests ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A

Assessment of changes in total proteins level, serum and saliva IgG and IgA levels, serum IgM level, serum and saliva IgA/IgG ratio. The study was conducted on a group of 40 subjects, divided into 2 lots: the first lot consisting of 20 healthy individuals and the second consisting of 20 patients with hepatitis with hepatitis A virus (HAV). The levels of total proteins, serum and saliva IgG and IgA, serum IgM and serum and saliva IgA/IgG ratio have higher values in patients with hepatitis A, in comparison to healthy subjects, without necessarily exceeding the maximum admitted value. The results are significant from a statistical point of view. Due to the sensitivity and specificity of salivary anti-HAV IgM and IgG in patients with acute hepatitis A, compared with healthy subjects, there is a possibility of using salivary immunological tests instead of serum tests for the diagnosis and epidemiological study of HAV infection.

scholarly journals TI-RADS Diagnostic Performance: Which Algorithm Is Superior and How Elastography and 4D Vascularity Improve the Malignancy Risk Assessment

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Andreea Borlea ◽  
Florin Borcan ◽  
Ioan Sporea ◽  
Cristina Dehelean ◽  
Romeo Negrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Strain Ratio ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Malignancy Risk ◽  
The Mean

Given the increased prevalence of thyroid nodules in the general population (~50%), the real challenge resides in correctly recognizing the suspicious ones. This study proposes to compare four important Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data Systems (TI-RADS) and evaluate the contribution of elastography and 4D Color Doppler assessment of vascularity in estimating the risk of malignancy. In the study, 133 nodules with histopathological examination were included. Of these, 35 (26.31%) proved to be malignant. All nodules were classified using the four selected systems and our proposed improved score. The American College of Radiology (ACR) and EU TI-RADS had good sensitivity (94.28%, 97.14%) and NPV (93.33%, 95.83%), but fairly poor specificity (31.81%, 23.46%) and PPV (35.48%, 31.19%), with an accuracy of 42.8% and 45.8%, respectively. Horvath TI-RADS had better accuracy of 66.9% and somewhat improved specificity (62.24%), but poorer sensitivity (80%). Russ’ French TI-RADS includes elastography in the risk assessment strategy. This classification proved superior in all aspects (Se: 91.42%, Sp:82.65%, NPV:96.42%, PPV:65.30%, and Acc of 84.96%). The mean strain ratio (SR) value for malignant lesions was 5.56, while the mean SR value for benign ones was significantly lower, 2.54 (p < 0.05). It also correlated well with the response variable: histopathological result (p < 0.001). Although, adding 4D vascularity to the French score generated a similar calculated accuracy and from a statistical point of view, the parameter itself proved beneficial for predicting the malignancy risk (p < 0.001) and may add important knowledge in uncertain situations. Advanced ultrasound techniques definitely improved the risk estimation and should be used more extensively.

scholarly journals SERUM LEVELS OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE IN PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS AND INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 3449-3451
Author(s):  
Irena I. Gencheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Inflammatory Lung Disease ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels are used to diagnose tuberculosis and to monitor the condition of the patients during hospital treatment. Purpose: The aim of the present study is to establish the diagnostic value of serum ADA in patients with inflammatory lung disease, including pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and methods: We measured ADA levels in 66 patients with lung disease, of whom 33 were men and 33 were women, all aged 18 to 86 years. Among the patients studied, 12 were diagnosed with tuberculosis, 34 with bacterial pneumonia and 20 with pleural effusion. Results: We found that the serum ADA levels in our patients were higher than 18 U / l, which are the recommended upper limit in healthy people, according to the test performed by our laboratory. ADA levels were also higher than 21 U / l, the value we defined as the mean in healthy individuals in our previous study. Conclusion: Based on our study, we can say that serum ADA levels in the patients we have studied with lung diseases, including pulmonary tuberculosis, have a high diagnostic value.

The Effect of Sunglint Correction for Estimating Water Depth Using Rationing, Thresholding, and Mean Value Algorithms

Rekayasa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Luhur Moekti Prayogo ◽  
Abdul Basith
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Object ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Depth Extraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Shallow Water Depth

Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) is an alternative for obtaining shallow water depth data. The existence of images with various resolutions, the availability of a complete image band can develop the extraction results. This method is based on the principle of the satellite's visible band to estimate water depth. The mapping of shallow water depth is dependent on water conditions, both its brightness and surface. When the sensor senses a water object, the reflected reflection comes from the surface, and some sensors cannot penetrate the water object. The sun's position and the sensor's point of view when sensing it results in interference from the water surface (Sunglint). The sunglint effect on the image can be reduced by performing RGB band correction with NIR Infrared. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of Sunglint's correction on three SDB approaches, namely Thresholding, Rationing, and Mean Value on Worldview 3 imagery in Karimunjawa Islands, Central Java. This study's results indicate that the Sunglint correction on Worldview 3 imagery affects the depth extraction results. The best results are shown by Sunglint's correction using the Thresholding approach (B2-B7), which produces the best correlation with R2 of 0.7364 and (B7-B2) with R2 = 0.7351. Contrastingly, the lowest correlation was generated using the Mean Value ((B2 + B7) / 2) approach without Sunglint's correction with R2 = 0.4015. So this research proves that the Worldview 3 image with Sunglint correction can provide bathymetry data, especially in shallow waters.

scholarly journals HOMA-IR Mean Values in Healthy Individuals: A Population Based Study in Iranian Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Masoodian ◽  
Abolfazl Omidifar ◽  
Sepideh Moradkhani ◽  
Majid Asiabanha ◽  
Majid Khoshmirsafa
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Aims HOMA-IR considers as the valid index for estimation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin resistance (IR) in different pathological conditions. Few studies have evaluated the relation of IR with a broad group of health related-outcomes in population-based human subjects. In this population-based investigation, we sought to report the mean value of HOMA-IR in different subgroups of a large population-based database in Iranian healthy subjects. Methods This population-based study recruited adult healthy individuals between the ages of 18 to 70 years old who referred to Massoud Medical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran. Fasting insulin was measured by using the Electro chemiluminescence method using Roche Cobas 6000 e601/602 instrument. Results The mean value of HOMA-IR of the entire population was 2.11 ± 0.99. It was observed that the HOMA-IR index tended to be higher in age subgroups of 18–25 (839 individuals), 40–45 (642 individuals) and 35–40 (1179 individuals), HOMA-IR values of 2.17 ± 0.98, 2.19 ± 1.01, and 2.16 ± 1.01 respectively. Conclusion Our findings showed the mean value of 2.11 ± 0.99 HOMA-IR in the Iranian healthy population. Considering the large sample size in our study, more clinical investigations in terms of ethnicity should be done to provide a precise standardized HOMA-IR index in the Iranian population.

scholarly journals Galectin‑3 in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
O. M. Drapkina ◽  
R. N. Shepel ◽  
T. A. Deeva ◽  
A. N. Kaburova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective. To investigate the serum levels of galectin‑3 in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and in patients with combination of MS and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), as well as to define the role of this marker of fibrosis in MS.Design and methods. The study included 43 patients with MS (33 patients had LVH), and 33 patients of comparable age without MS (LVH was diagnosed in 10). The level of serum galectin‑3 was determined by enzyme immunoassay kits Platinum ELISA.Results. The average level of galectin‑3 in the MS group was significantly higher (1,89 ± 1,71 ng/ml), compared to the group without MS (1,03 ± 0,22 ng/ml, p = 0,006). The study showed a positive correlation between the level of galectin‑3 and LVH (r = 0,323, p = 0,004). The mean value of galectin‑3 in patients with no evidence of LVH was 1,2 ± 0,76 ng/ml, in patients with LVH — 2,1 ± 2,02 ng/ml.Conclusions. In patients with MS the level of galectin‑3 was higher than in patients without MS, and in patients with MS and concomitant LVH it was higher than in patients without LVH. In patients with MS and LVH increased galectin‑3 levels may indicate the severity of myocardial fibrosis and help for prognosis evaluation. 

scholarly journals The impact of taxes and administrative activities of SMEs on their performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Stanislav Bilek ◽  
Iveta Kmecova ◽  
Michal Tlusty
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The paper outlines selected problem areas of the legislative - legal environment and administrative burdens for SMEs. Data for this paper were obtained within the scientific activities at the University of Technology and Business in Ceske Budejovice Project TL01000349 Stabilization and development of SMEs in rural areas. The primary objective of the paper is to demonstrate that small and medium-sized enterprises are overburdened both from an administrative point of view. The theoretical part of the paper is devoted to the presentation of experts on a given topic and from these views the logical conclusion and recommendations for the methodological part of the paper are based. The following, practical part, explains each hypothesis and outlines the whole course of calculation. Each hypothesis is then rejected or confirmed. All findings are verbally analysed in the discussion of the results. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the research is to prove that small and medium-sized enterprises are overburdened with administrative burdens and taxes. Methods: Primary data for the area of legislative-legal and administrative burden were obtained through a questionnaire survey in SMEs. The data will be evaluated using a statistical method comparing the mean value, specifically using a one-sample t-test. Findings & Value added: The results of the paper will confirm or reject the predetermined hypotheses that apply to small and medium-sized enterprises. This knowledge will be important for further analysis and will outline the administrative complexity of the business of these companies.

scholarly journals Control of training loads through perceived exertion. Prediction of heart rate (Control de las cargas de entrenamiento a través de la percepción subjetiva. Predicción de la frecuencia cardíaca)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Victor Murillo Lorente ◽  
Javier Álvarez Medina ◽  
Pedro Manomelles Marqueta
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To use the perceived exertion to control training loads and to predict indirectly the heart rate without the need for monitoring the player. Methods: Nine futsal Spanish players were included in the study. All were monitored for a minimum of 25 sessions during the season. Subjective perception of exertion was assessed daily using Borg's RPE scale. Results: The mean heart rate was 138 beats per minute (bpm), with a minimum value of 75.2% of the maximum heart rate, which is equivalent to 15 ("hard") on the RPE scale and to a mean value of perceived exertion of 15.06±2.01.  Individual values indicate that there are players whose perceived exertion is above, below or consistent with their heart rate. The results obtained differentiate four training session groups according to the players' heart rate values and perceived exertion. We used these results to develop a formula for predicting heart rate without monitoring the player.  Conclusion: Player's perceived exertion is not always consistent with their cardiovascular response. This demonstrates that training loads are not only perceived from the physiological perspective, but also from a psychological point of view. Resumen. Objetivo: Usar el esfuerzo percibido para controlar las cargas de entrenamiento y para predecir de forma indirecta el ritmo cardíaco sin la necesidad de supervisar el jugador. Métodos: Nueve jugadores españoles de fútbol sala fueron incluidos en el estudio. Todos fueron monitoreados durante un mínimo de 25 sesiones durante la temporada. La percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo fue evaluada diariamente utilizando la escala RPE de Borg. Resultados: La frecuencia cardíaca media fue de 138 latidos por minuto (lpm), con un valor mínimo de 75,2% de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima, lo que equivale a 15 ("duro") en la escala RPE y para un valor medio de esfuerzo percibido de 15,06 ± 2,01. Los valores individuales indican que hay jugadores que percibe el esfuerzo está por encima, por debajo o en consonancia con su ritmo cardíaco. Los resultados obtenidos se diferencian cuatro tipos de sesión de entrenamiento de acuerdo a los valores de la frecuencia cardíaca de los jugadores y el esfuerzo percibido. Utilizamos estos resultados para desarrollar una fórmula para predecir la frecuencia cardiaca sin la supervisión del jugador. Conclusión: El esfuerzo percibido del jugador no siempre es coherente con su respuesta cardiovascular. Esto demuestra que las cargas de entrenamiento no sólo se perciben desde la perspectiva fisiológica, sino también desde un punto de vista psicológico.

Changes in the bioactivity to immunoreactivity ratio of circulating luteinizing hormone in impotent men treated with testosterone undecanoate

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Carani ◽  
M. F. Celani ◽  
D. Zini ◽  
A. Baldini ◽  
L. Della Casa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
In Vitro Bioassay ◽  
Testosterone Undecanoate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mouse Leydig Cell

Abstract. Testosterone undecanoate was administered orally (80 mg twice daily) for 30 days to 10 impotent men with mild Leydig cell failure, age 28 to 42 years. Placebo was administered for 30 days both before and at the end of testosterone undecanoate therapy. Serum levels of bioactive LH, immunoreactive LH and testosterone were determined in basal conditions (day zero), 30 days after the first placebo administration, at the 15th and 30th day of testosterone undecanoate therapy, and at the end of the second treatment with placebo (90th day). Bioactive LH was measured by a sensitive and specific in vitro bioassay based on testosterone production by mechanically dispersed mouse Leydig cell preparations. Immunoreactive LH and testosterone were determined by a doubleantibody RIA technique. The results were compared with those obtained in 30 untreated normal young men. In the basal state, serum concentrations of immunoreactive LH were significantly higher in the patients (P< 0.02) than in control subjects, whereas testosterone levels were significantly lower (P< 0.001) in the impotent men. In contrast, bioactive LH levels and the bioactive LH to immunoreactive LH ratios were similar in the two groups. In the patients, at the 15th day of treatment with testosterone undecanoate, serum levels of testosterone and bioactive LH were significantly higher (P< 0.01) than basal values, whereas immunoreactive LH concentrations showed no significant changes. Consequently, the bioactive LH to immunoreactive LH ratios rose significantly (P< 0.01). At the 30th day of treatment with testosterone undecanoate, the mean value of bioactive LH and the mean bioactive LH to immunoreactive LH ratio were significantly higher (P< 0.01) in the patients than in control men, whereas the mean levels of testosterone and immunoreactive LH were similar in the two groups. Neither the first nor the second treatment with placebo changed the hormone values observed in basal conditions. The results support the experimental evidence that androgens may increase the bioactivity of circulating LH.

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