scholarly journals Effects of Toxic Metals Cd, Ni and Pb on Matricaria Chamomilla L. Growth in a Laboratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335
Author(s):  
Ecaterina Anca Serban ◽  
Gabriela Geanina Vasile ◽  
Stefania Gheorghe ◽  
Corina Ene
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Intervention Threshold ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Seeds Germination

The paper presents a comparative bioaccumulation study between the growth of chamomile (Matricaria Chamomilla L.) exposed to toxic metals (Cd, Ni and Pb) and the growth of same plant species unexposed to metals. The soil was contaminated within three independent experiments with Cd, Ni and Pb at the intervention threshold value for sensitive use. Each of the toxic metal was added by watering the seeds, and subsequently the germinated plants. The experiments targeted the effects of soil pollution on the growth of chamomile during three months period. The results showed that in the first month of the study, all three metals accumulated in plants. After the seeds germination and plant growth, high Cd concentration in chamomile plants was detected. Moreover, Ni and Pb were detected in soil in the percentage of 96%. Overall, it was observed that chamomile plants were Cd accumulators at the tested concentrations of 6 mg/kg with no phytotoxic effects. Matricaria Chamomilla L. could be used in phytoremediation of polluted soils, with limitations of use for human consumption, except for the extracts.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and risk assessment of toxic metals in agricultural soils from endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma region in South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
Liping Mo ◽  
Yongzhang Zhou ◽  
Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnana ◽  
Xingyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
South China ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Incidence

AbstractSihui city (South China) is much affected by nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To investigate the relationships between the toxic metals in soil and NPC incidence in Sihui, 119 surface soil samples were collected from agricultural fields and analyzed. The soil As–Cr contents in Longjiang (high-incidence area) are significantly lower than those in Weizheng and Jianglin (low-incidence areas), whereas the soil Pb content in Longjiang is significantly higher than that in Weizheng. The Nemerow pollution indices (PIN) of soils decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The enrichment factor (EF) of Cd indicates that the Cd enrichment is contributed by human activities. Potential toxic metal-related ecological risk values decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The mean hazard index (HI) value of Longjiang was lower than those of Weizheng and Jianglin. There are no adverse noncarcinogenic health effects of soil toxic metals to adults in the study areas. Carcinogenic risks of As and Cr via ingestion and dermal contact and total carcinogenic risk are within the warning range, from 10−6 to 10−4. Hence, we suggest that toxic metals in the soil may not be major geochemical carcinogenic factors of high NPC incidence in Sihui.

Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from Solutions Using Industrial Solid Byproducts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Zouboulis ◽  
K. A. Kydros ◽  
K. A. Matis
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Solid Adsorbent ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
By Products

Nowadays the problem of industrial wastes handling and disposal is increasing continuously, as more strict environmental considerations have to be taken into account. In this paper, selected experimental results are presented from our current research in toxic metals removal (e.g. Cu, Pb, As), related to the applications of mineral particles as by-products (red mud, pyrite, dolomite, etc.) for the induced removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions. These by-products, existing in finely divided form and considered rather as solid industrial wastes, have been used as a cheap solid adsorbent or substrate. Appropriate methods for the subsequent solid/liquid separation were examined, among them flotation. Different parameters were tested and high removals of toxic metals were achieved. In this way, a useful application may be realized for the waste mineral particles.

scholarly journals Transfer of Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and Toxic Elements from Soil to Grapes to White Wines in Uncontaminated Vineyards

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13271
Author(s):  
Justin B. Richardson ◽  
Jahziel K. Chase
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Dietary Requirements

Wine is a popular beverage and may be a source of nutrient and toxic elements during human consumption. Here, we explored the variation in nutrient and toxic elements from soils to grape berries and commercial white wines (Chardonnay) at five USA vineyards (New York, Vermont, California, Virginia) with strongly contrasting geology, soils, and climates. Samples were analyzed for macronutrients (Ca, K, and Mg), micronutrients (Mn, Cu, and Zn), and toxic elements (As, Cd, and Pb). Our study showed contrasting macronutrient, micronutrient, and toxic element concentrations in soils and in vines, leaves, and grapes. However, plant tissue concentrations did not correspond with total soil concentrations, suggesting a disconnect governing their accumulation. Bioconcentration factors for soil to grape berry transfer suggest the accumulation of Ca, K and Mg in berries while Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Pb were generally not accumulated in our study or in previous studies. Wines from the five vineyards studied had comparable nutrient, micronutrient, and toxic metal concentrations as wines from Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Croatia, Czech Republic, and Japan. The transfer of nutrients and toxic elements from grape berries to wine indicated that only Ca, K, and Mg were added or retained while concentrations of all other micronutrients and toxic elements were somewhat to extensively diminished. Thus, there appears to be a substantial effect on the geochemistry of the wine from the grape from either the fermentation process (i.e., flocculation), or a dilution effect. We conclude that soils, geology, and climate do not appear to generate a unique geochemical terroir as the transfer and concentration of inorganic nutrients appear to be comparable across strongly contrasting vineyards. This has several implications for human health. Nutrients in wine have potential impacts for human nutrition, as wine can meet or exceed the recommended dietary requirements of Ca, K, Mg, and Fe, and toxic metals As and Pb concentrations were also non-trivial.

Pollution Intensity of Hazardous Metals, Microbiome and Potential Bacterial-Based Toxic Metal Sequestration of Coal Mine Drainage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oyetibo ◽  
Joy Enahoro ◽  
Chimuanya Ikwubuzo ◽  
Chiamaka Ukwuoma
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Metal Sequestration ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Severe Degree

Abstract Drains from coal mine remain a worrisome point source of toxic metal/metalloid pollutions to surface- and ground-waters worldwide, requiring sustainable remediation strategies. Understanding the microbial community subtleties through integrated metagenomic and geochemical data elicit selection of autochthonous bacteria consortium, spurring decommissioning of drains before discharge to hydrosphere. The drains contained characteristic sulphates (313.0 ± 15.9 mg/l), carbonate (253.0 ± 22.4 mg/l), and nitrate (86.6 ± 41.0 mg/l), having extreme tendencies to enrich receiving environments with extremely high pollution load index (3110 ± 942) for toxic metals/metalloid. The drains exerted severe degree of toxic metals/metalloid contamination (3,400,000 ± 240,000) and consequent astronomically high ecological risks in the order: Lead > Cadmium > Arsenic > Nickel > Cobalt > Iron > Chromium. Metagenome of the drains revealed dominance of Proteobacteria (50.8%) and Bacteroidetes (18.9%) among bacterial community, whereas, Ascomycota (60.8%) and Ciliophora (12.6%) dominated the eukaryotic community. A consortium of 7 autochthonous bacterial OTUs exhibited excellent urease activities (≥ 253 µmol urea/min.) with subsequent stemming of acidic pH to > 8.2 and sequestration of toxic metals (approx. 100% efficiency) as precipitates (15.6 ± 0.92 mg/ml). The coal mine drain is a point source for metals/metalloid pollution to surrounding hydrosphere, and its bioremediation is achievable with the bacteria consortium.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy and Toxic Metals in the Blood and Hair of Saudi Arabia Smokers Using Modern Analytical Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Alrobaian ◽  
Hassan Arida
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Modern Analytical

Epidemiological studies on the heavy and toxic metal content in the human blood and hair of some smokers from Saudi Arabia were carried out by modern analytical techniques. The levels of some selected heavy and toxic metals (e.g.; Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Se, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Cr) were determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Prior to the analysis, the blood and hair samples of Saudi Arabia smokers were collected, treated, and digested by microwave digestion system. The number of cigarettes per day as well as the smoking period was taken in consideration in this study. The tested elements concentrations in the investigated smoker blood and hair samples were compared with those obtained from some nonsmoking control samples. The samples were collected from the psychiatric hospital in Taif city after issuing the ethical committee license in this regard. The results obtained from this study represent a very important guide for the antismoking organizations. The assessment of some side effects of the smoking in such studies presents vital challenge for the social antismoking authorities and the stakeholder governments to attain the sustainable investment for their people.

scholarly journals Selective Removal of Toxic Metals like Copper and Arsenic from Drinking Water Using Phenol-Formaldehyde Type Chelating Resins

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1035-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasis Mohanty ◽  
Shashadhar Samal
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Chelating Resins

The concentration of different toxic metals has increased beyond environmentally and ecologically permissible levels due to the increase in industrial activity. More than 100 million people of Bangladesh and West Bengal in India are affected by drinking ground water contaminated with arsenic and some parts of India is also affected by poisoning effect of copper, cadmium and fluoride. Different methods have been evolved to reduce the arsenic concentration in drinking water to a maximum permissible level of 10 μg/L where as various methods are also available to separate copper from drinking water. Of the proven methods available today, removal of arsenic by polymeric ion exchangers has been most effective. While chelating ion exchange resins having specific chelating groups attached to a polymer have found extensive use in sorption and pre concentration of Cu2+ions. Both the methods are coupled here to separate and preconcentrate toxic metal cation Cu2+and metal anion arsenate(AsO4–) at the same time. We have prepared a series of low-cost polymeric resins, which are very efficient in removing copper ion from drinking water and after coordinating with copper ion they act as polymeric ligand exchanger, which are efficiently removing arsenate from drinking water. For this purpose Schiff bases were prepared by condensingo-phenylenediamine witho-,m-, andp-hydroxybenzaldehydes. Condensing these phenolic Schiff bases with formaldehyde afforded the chelating resins in high yields. These resins are loaded with Cu2+, Ni2+2+, and Fe3+ions. The resins and the polychelates are highly insoluble in water. In powdered form the metal ion-loaded resins are found to very efficiently remove arsenate ion from water at neutral pH. Resins loaded with optimum amount of Cu2+ion is more effective in removing arsenate ions compared to those with Fe3+ion, apparently because Cu2+is a stronger Lewis acid than Fe3+. Various parameters influencing the removal of the arsenate ion from drinking water to a concentration level below 20 μg/L are studied.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Environmental Applicability of Vermicompost: From Wastewater Treatment to the Development of Sensitive Analytical Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madson de Godoi Pereira ◽  
Lourdes Cardoso de Souza Neta ◽  
Maurício Paulo Ferreira Fontes ◽  
Adriana Nascimento Souza ◽  
Thaionara Carvalho Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Pollutant Degradation ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
The Past ◽  
Low Costs

The use of vermicompost (humified material) for treating wastewaters, remediating polluted soils, improving agricultural productivity, protecting crop production, and developing sensitive analytical methods is reviewed here, covering the past 17 years. The main advantages of vermicompost, considering all applications covered in this paper, comprise (i) easy acquisition, (ii) low costs, (iii) structural, chemical, and biological characteristics responsible for exceptional adsorptive capacities as well as pollutant degradation, and (iv) the promotion of biocontrol. Specifically, for wastewater decontamination, a considerable number of works have verified the adsorption of toxic metals, but the application of vermicompost is still scarce for the retention of organic compounds. Problems related to the final disposal of enriched vermicompost (after treatment steps) are often found, in spite of some successful destinations such as organic fertilizer. For decontaminating soils, the use of vermicompost is quite scarce, mainly for inorganic pollutants. In agricultural productivity and biocontrol, vermicompost imparts remarkable benefits regarding soil aggregation, plant nutrition, and the development of beneficial microorganisms against phytopathogens. Finally, the use of vermicompost in sensitive analytical methods for quantifying toxic metals is the newest application of this adsorbent.

scholarly journals A Collaborative Approach to Assess Legacy Pollution in Communities Near a Lead–Acid Battery Smelter: The “Truth Fairy” Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 71S-80S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill E. Johnston ◽  
mark! Lopez ◽  
Matthew O. Gribble ◽  
Wendy Gutschow ◽  
Christine Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Lead Acid

Advocates for civil rights, environmental justice, and movements promoting social justice require data and may lack trust in public authorities, turning instead to academic scientists to help address their questions. Assessing historical exposure to toxic chemicals, especially in situations of a specific industrial source of pollution affecting a community, is critical for informing appropriate public health and policy responses. We describe a community-driven approach to integrate retrospective environmental hazard exposure assessment with community organizing to address concerns about the extent of exposure to toxic metals in a predominantly working-class, Latinx community living near a now-closed lead–acid battery smelter facility. Named the “Truth Fairy Project” by leaders of the community organization East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice, this community–university partnership aimed to assess prenatal and early-life exposures to toxic metals through biomarkers of exposure in baby/deciduous teeth. This partnership integrated community mobilization with empirical research, informing residents about toxic metal exposures and improving the community’s capacity to respond to a public health crisis.

scholarly journals Application of Waste Lemon Extract to Toxic Metal Removal through Gravitational Soil Flushing and Composting Stabilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5751
Author(s):  
Pei-Wen Zhang ◽  
Ya-Zhen Huang ◽  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Tsun-Kuo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Soil Flushing

The present study aims to investigate the treatment efficiency of soil flushing using waste lemon extract for samples collected from contaminated farmland, in which the copper concentration was measured as 2487 ± 139 mg/kg. The flushing solution, containing 9.9 g/L citric acid, was prepared from the waste lemon extraction process. The soil-flushing treatment using a solution containing commercial citric acids of 10 g/L was also conducted for comparison. Additionally, the collected soil was mixed with crushed waste lemons and the mixture was subjected to a composting process for subsequent stabilization study. After 120-min batch experiments, the desorbed copper concentration for waste lemon-extract experiment was 36.9 mg/L, which was higher than that (28.6 mg/L) for commercial citric solution experiment. The reduction in soil copper concentration (1504 mg/kg) treated by waste lemon-extract flushing was more than that treated by commercial citric solution (1256 mg/kg) at the comparable citric acid concentration. More metals were removed by waste lemon-extract flushing. This is because the waste lemon-extract solution contains additional co-dissolved organic substances with a longer flushing time, which allows more exchange reactions between adsorbed metals and flushing solution. For the treatment with waste lemon extract, the soil pH values were 4.56, 5.70 and 6.29 before, after flushing and after compost treatment, respectively. The observed variation in soil pH also showed that waste lemon extract might be a better flushing agent, while flushing with commercial citric solution decreased the pH in the soil environment. The plant copper availability dropped from 677 mg/kg to 156 mg/kg after waste lemon-extract flushing and stabilization with composted waste lemon. Therefore, the use of waste lemon extract for soil flushing not only removed toxic metals from the soil but also prevented the occurrence of soil acidification, an often-observed phenomenon using an acidic solution in conventional soil flushing. After soil flushing, the application of composted waste lemon could stabilize the toxic metals and increase the pH to a range suitable for plant growth.

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