Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes and Changes in Some Physiological Parameters Following the Short-term Heavy Metal Application in Wheat

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of some biochemical parameters during the amelioration after period o short term treatment of wheat with arsenic, cadmium and lead. A decrease was observed in the experimental groups, in which 15 μM, 30 μM, and 60 μM (arsenic, lead, and cadmium) metal ion mixture was applied, in terms of the germination rate depending on the increased concentration, and a decrease was observed in the root and stem dry weights of the plants in all groups. MDA levels were determined to increase at all doses. It was determined that heavy metals accumulated by increasing in the tissues due to the increased concentration of heavy metals in the heavy metal ion-applied groups. There were significant changes in the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes. As a result, it was determined in the study that there were significant changes in some biochemical and physiological parameter�s which are the primary response to oxidative stress in plants exposed to heavy metals, depending on the stress. This reason it can be concluded that arsenic, lead and cadmium contents in media can be the responsible for growth inhibition.

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Relationship between heavy metal exposure and type 2 diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study using occupational health examinations

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e039541

Author(s):

Jun Ho Ji ◽

Mi Hyeon Jin ◽

Jung-Hun Kang ◽

Soon Il Lee ◽

Suee Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Lead And Cadmium

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between heavy metal exposure and serum ferritin levels, physical measurements and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingChangwon, the location of this study, is a Korean representative industrial city. Data were obtained from medical check-ups between 2002 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 34 814 male subjects were included. Of them, 1035 subjects with lead exposure, 200 subjects with cadmium exposure and the 33 579 remaining were assigned to cohort A, cohort B and the control cohort, respectively. Data including personal history of alcohol and smoking, age, height, weight, the follow-up duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin levels, and lead and cadmium levels within 1 year after exposure were collected.Primary outcome measureIn subjects without diabetes, changes in FBS and HbA1c were analysed through repeated tests at intervals of 1 year or longer after the occupational exposure to heavy metals.ResultsIn Cohort A, DM was diagnosed in 33 subjects. There was a significant difference in lead concentrations between the subjects diagnosed with DM and those without DM during the follow-up period (3.94±2.92 mg/dL vs 2.81±2.03 mg/dL, p=0.002). Simple exposure to heavy metals (lead and cadmium) was not associated with DM in Cox regression models (lead exposure (HR) 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.77, p 0.971; cadmium exposure HR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.61 to 3.55, p=0.385). Annual changes in FBS according to lead concentration at the beginning of exposure showed a positive correlation (r=0.072, p=0.032).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that simple occupational exposure to heavy metals lead and cadmium was not associated with the incidence of DM. However, lead concentrations at the beginning of the exposure might be an indicator of DM and glucose elevations.

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Deciphering lead and cadmium stripping peaks for porous antimony deposited electrodes

Materials Science-Poland ◽

10.1515/msp-2016-0063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 233-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aqeel Ahmad Taimoor

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Porous Electrodes ◽

Electrochemical Sensing ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Electrochemical Tests ◽

Diffusion Limitations ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cadmium And Lead

AbstractCadmium and lead are generally taken as model heavy metal ions in water to scale the detection limit of various electrode sensors, using electrochemical sensing techniques. These ions interact with the electrochemically deposited antimony electrodes depending on the diffusion limitations. The phenomenon acts differently for the in-situ and ex-situ deposition as well as for porous and non-porous electrodes. A method has been adopted in this study to discourage the stripping and deposition of the working ions (antimony) to understand the principle of heavy metal ion detection. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique was used to establish the interaction between the working and dissolved ions. In addition to the distinct peaks for each analyte, researchers also observed a shoulder peak. A possible reason for the presence of this peak was provided. Different electrochemical tests were performed to ascertain the theory on the basis of the experimental observations.

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Organic Versus Conventional – a Comparative Study on Quality and Nutritive Value of Selected Vegetable Crops of Southern India

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v18i1.48385 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 99-116

Author(s):

JR Xavier ◽

V Mythri ◽

R Nagaraj ◽

VCP Ramakrishna ◽

PE Patki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Plate Count ◽

Microbial Quality ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Lead And Cadmium

Vegetables are defined as edible plant parts generally consumed raw or cooked with a main dish, in a mixed dish, as an appetizer or as a salad. Food safety aspects related to microbial quality (total plate count, yeast and mold and food borne pathogens) and toxic residue (heavy metals) and mineral content were investigated for vegetables such as green leafy vegetable, salad vegetables, sprouts, brinjal, green chilies and French beans collected from organic and conventional outlets from Mysore region, Karnataka, India. Microbial analysis was carried out using standard procedures and mminerals (Ca, K, Fe, Cu, Mg, Mn and Zn) and heavy metals (Cd and Pb) were determined. Significant variations (p>0.05) were observed for microbial quality among organic and conventional vegetables. Mineral and vitamin C content were also significantly higher (p>0.01) in organic samples. Heavy metal contamination for lead and cadmium tested positive for conventional samples while organic samples tested negative. The variables that contributed most for the variability were heavy metal contamination, mineral and vitamin C content. Organically grown vegetables were free from heavy metals and safe for consumption, as well as they are rich in mineral and vitamin C content in comparison to conventional samples. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 99-116 (2020)

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Plant-Based Tacca leontopetaloides Biopolymer Flocculant (TBPF) Produced High Removal of Heavy Metal Ions at Low Dosage

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9010037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar ◽

Juferi Idris ◽

Mohibah Musa ◽

Yoshito Andou ◽

Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Test Procedure ◽

Synthetic Wastewater ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Low Concentration ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

High removal of heavy metals using plant-based bioflocculant under low concentration is required due to its low cost, abundant source, and nontoxicity for improved wastewater management and utilization in the water industry. This paper presents a treatment of synthetic wastewater using plant-based Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) without modification on its structural polymer chains. It produced a high removal of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd) at a low concentration of TBPF dosage. In our previous report, TBPF was characterized and successfully reduced the turbidity, total suspended solids, and color for leachate treatment; however, its effectiveness for heavy metal removal has not been reported. The removal of these heavy metals was performed using a standard jar test procedure at different pH values of synthetic wastewater and TBPF dosages. The effects of hydroxide ion, pH, initial TBPF concentration, initial metal ion concentration, and TBPF dosage were examined using one factorial at the time (OFAT). The results show that the highest removal for Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd metal ions were 98.4–98.5%, 79–80%, 97–98%, and 92–93%, respectively, using 120 mg/L dosage from the initial concentration of 10% TBPF at pH 10. The final concentrations for Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd metal ions were 0.043–0.044, 0.41–0.43, 0.037–0.054, and 0.11–0.13 mg/L, respectively, which are below the Standard B discharge limit set by the Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia. The results show that TBPF has a high potential for the removal of heavy metals, particularly Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd, in real wastewater treatment.

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Migration Patterns of Heavy Metals in Soil in Wastewater Irrigation Area in the Suburb of Eastern Inner Mongolia

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.340 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 343-344 ◽

pp. 340-343

Author(s):

Ri Cha Hu ◽

Li Bo Sun

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Vertical Direction ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Irrigation Area ◽

Eastern Inner Mongolia

Based on the soil test of heavy metals in wastewater irrigation area in eastern Inner Mongolia, this paper analyses the content of heavy metals Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb in different layers of soil samples and reveals the internal relations between heavy metal concentration gradient in the vertical direction and soil properties, thus providing a scientific basis to guide sewage irrigation, solve the problem of water shortage in wastewater irrigation area and carry out environmental impact assessment. Soil is an important subsystem in natural environmental systems, through which many pollutants, especially heavy metals, produced by human activities, enter the food chain and ultimately do harm to human health. Currently, heavy metal ion contamination to the soil caused by wastewater irrigation has become one of the focuses in the study of soil chemistry and agricultural environment pollution. For this reason, it is particularly important to study the migration mechanism of heavy metals in soil and to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and management of soil contaminants.

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Evaluation of Acid Leaching on the Removal of Heavy Metals and Soil Fertility in Contaminated Soil

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/5036581 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chen-Yao Chu ◽

Tzu-Hsing Ko

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Sequential Extraction ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Acid Leaching

Heavy metal-contaminated soils were leached with various acid reagents, and a series of treatments was assessed to understand soil fertility after acid leaching. Aqua regia digestion and a five-step sequential extraction procedure were applied to determine heavy metal distribution. The average total concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb for contaminated soil were 1334, 25, 263, and 525 mg·kg−1 based on the ICP/AES quantitative analysis. Other than Pb extracted by H2SO4, over 50% removal efficiency of other heavy metals was achieved. A five-step sequential extraction revealed that the bound-to-carbonate and bound-to-Fe-Mn oxides were the major forms of the heavy metals in the soil. The addition of organic manure considerably promoted soil fertility and increased soil pH after acid leaching. Seed germination experiments demonstrated that after acid leaching, the soil distinctly inhibited plant growth and the addition of manure enhanced seed germination rate from 35% to 84%. Furthermore, the procedure of soil turnover after acid leaching and manure addition greatly increased seed germination rate by 61% and shortened the initial germination time. Seed germination in untreated soil was superior to that in acid-leached soil, illustrating that the phytotoxic effect of acid leaching is more serious than that of heavy metals.

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Contamination of soil and street dust with lead and cadmium near a lead smelter at Arnhem, Netherlands.

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v30i3.16980 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 227-235

Author(s):

M.G. Keizer ◽

M. Hooghiemstra-Tielbeek ◽

F.A.M. de Haan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Street Dust ◽

Sampling Area ◽

Lead Smelter ◽

Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Sources Of Pollution ◽

Dust Fraction

An investigation was carried out into lead and cadmium pollution of soil and street dust in the vicinity of a secondary lead smelter in Arnhem, Netherlands. A significant correlation was found between the Pb content of the soil and the distance from the smelter. In the sampling area 1 km around the smelter the average Pb content was 370 mg/kg in the 0-5 cm soil layer and 256 mg/kg in the 5-20 cm soil layer. Mean Cd contents were 1.60 and 1.28 mg/kg, respectively. Correlation between the contents in both layers was low for Pb and high for Cd, owing to different solubilities of the metals. There was a weak relationship between the Pb and Cd contents of the soil, suggesting that only part of the metals originated from the same source. Mean heavy metal concentrations in street dust (fraction < 0.3 mm) were 761 mg Pb/kg and 3.81 mg Cd/kg. Correlation between both heavy metals in street dust was high, suggesting the same sources of pollution (mainly traffic). The most important sources of Pb and Cd pollution in the area were the lead smelter and traffic. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Air, Sedimen Dan Organ Mangrove Di Perairan Tulehu

Biosel Biology Science and Education ◽

10.33477/bs.v8i2.1144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 149

Author(s):

NUR ALIM NATSIR ◽

YUSRIANTI HANIKE ◽

MUHAMMAD RIJAL ◽

SUHAEDIR BACHTIAR

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Atomic Absorption ◽

Key Words ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

And Control

Differences in the accumulation of heavy metals lead and cadmium in water, sediments and mangrove organs (roots, stems and leaves) found in the waters of Tulehu, Maluku Province. Samples were taken from three observation stations, namely stopping ships that are not operating (station 1), Tulehu harbor (station 2) and Control (station 3). Pb and Cd were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Pb and Cd content in sediments is higher than in water. The highest Pb and Cd content is found in the stems then in the roots and leaves (stems> roots> leaves). Mangroves are one of the aquatic organisms that have the ability to absorb heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Key words: Mangrove, Pb, Cd, Heavy Metal

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Determination of heavy metal deposition in the county of Obrenovac (Serbia) using mosses as bioindicators II: Cadmium (CD), cobalt (CO), and chromium (CR)

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs0602095v ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 95-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

V. Vukojevic ◽

M. Sabovljevic ◽

Aneta Sabovljevic ◽

Nevena Mihajlovic ◽

Gordana Drazic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Atmospheric Deposition ◽

Metal Content ◽

Short Term ◽

Hypnum Cupressiforme ◽

Bryum Argenteum ◽

Heavy Metal Deposition

In the present study, the deposition of three heavy metals (Cd, Co and Cr) in the county of Obrenovac (Serbia) is determined using four moss taxa (Bryum argenteum, Bryum capillare, Brachythecium sp. and Hypnum cupressiforme) as bioindicators. Distribution of average heavy metal content in all mosses in the county of Obrenovac is presented in maps, while long term atmospheric deposition (in the mosses Bryum argenteum and B. capillare) and short term atmospheric deposition (in the mosses Brachythecium sp. and Hypnum cupressiforme) are discussed and in tables. Areas of the highest contaminations are highlighted.

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pH-Regulated Carbon Dots Fluorescence Sensor Array Detection of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions Under Stepwise Prediction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1170064/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Zijun Xu ◽

Yuying Liu ◽

Jiao Chen ◽

Xiyuan Wang ◽

Hao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Sensor Array ◽

Chelating Agent ◽

Fluorescence Sensor ◽

Array Detection ◽

Multiple Heavy Metals

Abstract As a large amount of heavy metals leaches into water sources from industrial effluents, heavy metal pollution has become an important factor affecting water quality. To enable the detection of multiple heavy metals, we constructed a pH-regulation fluorescence sensor array. Firstly, by adding a metal chelating agent as receptor, metal ions and carbon quantum dots (CDs) were connected to distinguish between Cr6+, Fe3+, Fe2+, and Hg2+ ions. Thus, the lack of affinity between the indicator functional groups and the analyte was solved. Secondly, by adjusting the pH environment of the solution system, an economical and simple array sensing platform is established, which effectively simplified the array construction. In this study, the SX-model was used in the field of fluorescence sensor array detection for metal ion recognition. Based on the strategy of stepwise prediction, combined with the classification and concentration models, the bottleneck of the unified model in previous studies was broken. This sensor array demonstrated sensitive detection of four heavy metal ions within a concentration range from 1 to 50 µM, with an accuracy of 95.45%. Moreover, it displayed the ability to efficiently identify binary mixed samples with an accuracy of 95.45%. Furthermore, metal ions in 15 real samples (lake water) were effectively discriminated with 100% accuracy. A chelating agent was used to improve the sensitivity of heavy metal ion detection and eventually led to high-precision prediction using the SX-model.

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