scholarly journals From Guest-Workers to Settlers

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Mikko-Olavi Seppälä
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Minority Politics ◽  
Emotional Representation ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
And Migration ◽  
In The Beginning

Focusing on theatre, the article reveals how issues regarding Sweden-Finnish migrants’ agency and representation became politicised, problematised and reworked in the beginning of the 1970s. In the popular emotional representation of the early 1970s’ Finnish theatre, the migrant worker was seen as a tragic human casualty of inhuman capitalism. The representation was emotionally relevant both to the radical left with its strong anti-capitalist sentiments and to the rural population in northern and eastern Finland that had been affected by structural change and migration. The tragic migrant characters and the pessimistic view of migration, predominant in Finnish drama, was problematised by the Finnish immigrants to Sweden who did not want to be victimised as exploited guest-workers oppressed by capitalism. As the Sweden-Finnish institutions strengthened in the beginning of the 1970s, active cultural politics sought to increase the immigrants’ agency and their participation in society, politics and culture. It was crucial to replace the negative representation of a passive and resigned guest-worker with a positive image of an active and sociable settler. Mirroring a larger shift in the more nuanced understanding of migration processes and in the Swedish minority politics, the new and positive self-representation was to evolve from community-based cultural activity. The local Sweden-Finnish societies were encouraged to launch spontaneous cultural creation, including collective performances based on their everyday migrant experiences.

Twenty-First Century Developments in the Field of Science, Technology, and International Relations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H. Fritsch
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
International System ◽  
First Century ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Traditionally, international relations (IR) conceptualized technology primarily as a static, neutral, and passive tool, which emanates from impenetrable black boxes outside the international system. According to this predominant instrumental understanding of technology, IR “added” technology as a residual variable to existing explanatory frameworks. Consequently, qualitative systemic change—as well as continuity—could only be addressed within existing models and their respective core variables. Subsequently, traditional approaches increasingly experienced difficulties to adequately capture and explain empirically observable systemic changes in the form of growing interdependence, globalization, or trans-nationalization, as well as a plethora of technology-induced new policy challenges. Contrary to traditional conceptualizations, a growing number of scholars have instead embarked on a project to open the “black box” by redefining technology as a highly political and integral core component of global affairs that shapes and itself is shaped by global economics, politics, and culture. A rapidly growing body of theoretically diverse interdisciplinary literature systematically incorporates insights from science and technology studies (STS) to provide a more nuanced understanding of how technology, the global system, and its myriad actors mutually constitute and impact one another.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic profile and reasons for previous partial and unimmunization among children attending Mission Indradhanush session: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5392
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhar R. ◽  
Shashidhar S. Basagoudar ◽  
Shivappa Hatnoor ◽  
Rahul C. Kirte
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Low Coverage

Background: In December 2014, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India launched Mission Indradhanush with the aim to ensure that all children are fully vaccinated against seven vaccine-preventable diseases before they reach an age of two years.Methods: A cross sectional, community based study was conducted among parents attending Indradhanush Vaccination Centre (IVC) along with their partial and unimmunized children aged 0-23 months. Study was conducted during Mission Indradhanush (MI) 2nd Phase from November 2015 to January 2016. Data consisting of information regarding the various demographic variables, immunization history, and reasons for partial and unimmunization was collected by interviewing the parents through a pre-tested, structured questionnaire.Results: A total of 153 children were studied involving 63 session sites. 50 (32.7%) children were residing in low coverage areas, 4 (2.6%) children in villages with migratory population, 4(2.6%) children in areas with missed session and 87(56.9%) children residing in village with vacant sub centre. Common reasons for not vaccination were, child was sick on the day of vaccination (32%), child migrated to other place (27.5%), Fear of AEFI (11.8%), ignorance (11.1%). Only 92 (60.1%) children were having MCP card.Conclusions: The reasons for partial and un immunization  were mainly lack of awareness of parents, sickness of children, fear of AEFI and migration to other places which would be solved by taking all efforts to raise the awareness of community about  need  of immunization along with providing complete information about the immunization services being  provided to them.

scholarly journals Community Based Tourism Tantangan Dusun Nglepen dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Dhimas Setyo Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village ◽  
Tourism Community

ABSTRAK Masyarakat Dusun Nglepen pada awalnya adalah masyarakat pedesaan yang mayoritas menggantungkan mata pencaharian sebagai petani. Setelah bencana gempa bumi 5,9 skala richter yang menimbulkan kerusakan parah pada Sabtu 27 Mei 2006, Dusun Nglepen direlokasi ke wilayah lain, dibangun dengan bangunan rumah tahan gempa berbentuk kubah (dome). Keunikan desain rumah dome justru menjadi daya tarik desa wisata yang sangat diminati. Disisi lain, peralihan sosio-kultural masyarakat Dusun Nglepen menjadi masyarakat pariwisata sangat menarik untuk diamati. Artikel ini menyajikan gambaran tantangan dalam pengembangan Community Based Tourism Dusun Nglepen yang dikaji berdasarkan teori partisipasi masyarakat melalui analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil menunjukan bahwa semakin tinggi partisipasi warga, maka semakin tinggi dampaknya tehadap masyarakat. Dampak yang ditemukan cenderung bernilai positif bagi masyarkat baik secara ekonomi maupun sosial budaya. Selanjutnya dampak positif yang dirasakan masyarakat cenderung mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi dalam pengembangan pariwisata. Kata kunci : Community-Based Tourism, Desa Wisata, Partisipasi Masyarakat ABSTRACT In the beginning, the community of the village dwellers that worked as a farmer. After the disastrous earthquake of a 5.9 magnitude earthquake that caused severe damage on Saturday, May 27, 2006, the village relocated to other areas, houses constructed with earthquake resistant with the shape of a dome (dome). The uniqueness of the design of the House, thus becoming an attraction. On the other hand, the transition of social-cultural into tourism community is very interesting to observe. This article presents an overview of the challenges in the development of community-based tourism, based on the theory of community participation through a descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that the higher the participation of citizens, then the higher the impact on the community. The impact positive for society, both economically, socially and culturally. In addition, the positive impact affected the level of community participation in tourism development. Key words : Community-Based Tourism, Tourism Village, Community Participation

scholarly journals Securitization and Community-Based Protection Among Chin Refugees in Kuala Lumpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten McConnachie
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Local Protection ◽  
And Migration

This article examines refugee-led community organizations among Chin refugees from Myanmar in Kuala Lumpur. It uses a structuration analysis that recognizes refugee-led organizations as complex governance entities engaged in a dynamic relationship with (among others) national policies of securitization of forced migration and international humanitarian governance. This approach expands the existing literature on the securitization of forced migration by exploring refugees’ lived experiences in a context of south–south migration. It expands the literature on community-based protection by going beyond recognizing the existence of refugee-led organizations to analyse their construction, constitution and consequences. Three primary areas of work by Chin refugee groups are analysed in relation to their immediate activity and longer term effects: organization (‘building ethnic unity in adversity’), documentation (‘asserting a bureaucratic identity’) and socialization (‘learning to be illegal’). These long-term effects indicate the possible impact of local protection activities on macrostructural processes such as identity construction and migration choices.

scholarly journals Beyond the “Wild Tribes”

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Sophia Rose Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
And Migration

We have come to expect nothing but bad news about Afghanistan, nothingbut negative prognoses of that troubled state from policymakers, pundits, andjournalists. Only rarely do we hear what scholars of Afghan studies have tosay. In Beyond the “Wild Tribes”: Understanding Modern Afghanistan andIts Diaspora, the country and its people are presented in a far more complicatedfashion than the usual this-place-is-doomed mantra. Contributions includea review and critique of research methodologies in Afghanistan and thediaspora, the role of gender in community-based justice, models of nationaland local governance, the refugee warrior, and migration. There is much tolike about this book, and even those knowledgeable about the complex problemsplaguing the fledgling state will learn something ...

Guest Workers as an Automatic Stabilizer of Cyclical Unemployment in Switzerland and Germany

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Worker ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Automatic Stabilizer ◽  
Economic Stabilization ◽  
West European

This paper examines the effect of varying the employment of foreign workers as an economic stabilization device in two highly industrialized West European countries: Germany and Switzerland. Discussing the migrant worker fluctuations in Switzerland, the author concludes that such a stabilization is not yet possible.

¡Viva La Causa! in Iowa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Legislative Change ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

This chapter explores how Mexican Americans in Iowa supported the national boycott of California table grapes in the 1960s while concurrently fighting for the rights of Tejano migrant workers employed seasonally in Iowa’s agricultural industry. Their advocacy for legislative change through community-based coalitions illuminates the collaborative efforts of members of organizations such as migrant agencies, unions, and the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) in securing passage of Iowa’s first migrant worker legislation.

Pro-market governance, migration status and worker vulnerability: The case of Australian horticulture

2019 ◽  
pp. 0143831X1986175
Author(s):  
Diane van den Broek ◽  
Chris F Wright ◽  
Joanna Howe ◽  
Alexander Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Labour Rights ◽  
Temporary Migrant ◽  
Market Governance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Worker Exploitation ◽  
Temporary Migrants

The migration status of temporary migrant workers is often presented as a major determinant of labour rights and worker vulnerabilities. Using a sequential mixed method approach this article interrogates this proposition to examine the factors exacerbating temporary migrant worker exploitation within the Australian horticulture industry. The article finds that temporary migrants’ access to labour rights are shaped by their migration status. However, in contrast to prevalent assumptions, visa conditions play a preliminary, rather than a deterministic, role in this vulnerability. The article argues that notwithstanding the considerable links between vulnerability and migration status, changes in the political economy of Australian horticulture towards neoliberal or ‘pro-market governance’ arrangements have been central drivers of worker vulnerability. It focuses on three manifestations of these arrangements – the intensification of supply chain pressures, the emergence of labour market intermediaries, and the reduced presence of trade unions – as critical actors shaping temporary migrant worker agency.

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