A social-economic burden of rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps with comorbid asthma and influence of dupilumab

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
I. S. Krysanov ◽  
V. S. Krysanova ◽  
V. Yu. Ermakova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Cost ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
State Position ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (RwNP) is a one of most common comorbidities in asthma and contrariwise and can lead to exacerbation of severe asthma (SA). Dupilumab is a perspective medicine for treatment of both, because it decreases exacerbations and prevents of a necessity of surgeon. Economics aspects of dupilumab treatment in RwNP + SA are not examined yet. Thus aim of this study was evaluation of social-economic burden of RwNP + SA in the Russian Federation and dupilumab influence on it. Materials and methods. Direct medical (cost of medicines, treatment in outpatients department and in hospital, including surgery and rate of exacerbations per year) and non-medical (payment for temporary and stable disability) and indirect costs (GDP loses) in RwNP + SA patients have been evaluated. Medical cure of a patient with RwNP + SA was created according to survey of experts from different regions of Russia. Modelling of expenditures was prepared on all calculated cohort of potential patients with RwNP + SA from “State” position and growing approach. Results. Expenditures for cure of one patient with RwNP were as 234 217,71 RUR/year. Weighted average costs for one patient with RwNP + SA were 1 881 883,39 RUR, and mostly were associated with indirect costs. Dupilumab can decrease expenditures for one patient with RwNP + SA till 1 593 162,87 RUR (on 15,3 %) annually. Potential cohort with RwNP + SA has been estimated above 39 thousand patients. Total economic burden of RwNP + SA in Russia were estimated as 1,7 bln RUR. Dupilumab usage in patients with RwNP + SA fixed in Register can help decrease economic burden on 259 mln RUR annually. Hidden economic burden of comorbidity can reach 73,4 bln RUR (for all calculated / modelled cohort of patients with RwNP + SA), dupilumab saves 11,3 bln RUR annually in this scenario. Conclusion. Comorbid pathology — RwNP+SA has a sufficient social-economic burden in Russia, that could be decreased by modern biologic drugs, in particular, with dupilumab.

scholarly journals Influence of dupilumab on the economic burden of severe asthma and atopic dermatitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
I. S. Krysanov ◽  
V. S. Krysanova ◽  
O. I. Karpov ◽  
V. Yu. Ermakova
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Economic Burden Of Disease

The prevalence of comorbidity — asthma and atopic dermatitis — is not understood well yet. More severe processes decreasing quality of life and increasing a social-economic burden of disease are occurred in such kind comorbidity.Aim: an evaluation of economic burden of non-control severe asthma in combination with severe atopic dermatitis in the local conditions.Materials and methods. Analysis has been performed for adult patients; the bottom-up approach of costs evaluation was used. Direct medical and non-medical as well as indirect costs were calculated for two models: Model 1 — current practice of the treatment, Model 2 — treatment with Dupilumab. Results. Model 1 — Weighted average expenditures for one patient were 3,1 mln RUR, indirect costs were dominated (76 % from the total), severe atopic dermatitis had 15 % of total. Model 2 (with Dupilumab) — Dupilumab has decreased the total weighted average cost on 903 905 RUR. The total economic burden of comorbidity was 17,6 bln RUR in the current treatment option, and 12,4 bln RUR in Dupilumab hand (different is 5,2 bln RUR, or burden decrease is expected on 29,2 %).Conclusion. The wider introduction of Dupilumab into clinical practice, which allows achieving control in the treatment of severe asthma and severe atopic dermatitis, should reduce treatment costs and reduce the socio-economic burden of these diseases as a result.

scholarly journals Economic burden of Eating disorders in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Min Lee ◽  
Minha Hong ◽  
Saengryeol Park ◽  
Won Sub Kang ◽  
In-Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Prevalence

Abstract Objective Few studies have investigated the epidemiology of eating disorders using national representative data. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and economic burden of eating disorders in South Korea.Method The aim of this study was to estimate the disease burden of diagnosed eating disorders (ICD F50.x) over a six-year period between 2010 and 2015, in South Korea. The direct medical cost, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs resulting from eating disorders were estimated in order to calculate the economic burden of such disorders.Results The total prevalence was 12.02 people (per 100,000) in 2010, and 13.28 in 2015. The economic cost of eating disorders was estimated to be USD5,727,843 in 2010 and USD5,338,752 in 2015. The economic cost and prevalence of eating disorders was the highest in the 20–29 age group.Conclusion The results showed the eating disorders are insufficiently managed in the medical insurance system. The further research is warranted to better understand the economic burdens of each eating disorders.

scholarly journals The National Economic Burden of Rare Disease in United States in 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Yang ◽  
Inna Cintina ◽  
Anne Pariser ◽  
Elisabeth Oehrlein ◽  
Jamie Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Disease ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
National Economic

Abstract Background: To provide a comprehensive assessment of the total economic burden of rare diseases (RD) in the U.S. in 2019.We followed a prevalence-based approach that combined the prevalence of 379 RDs with the per-capita direct medical and indirect costs, to derive the national economic burden by patient age and type of RD. To estimate prevalence and the direct medical cost of RD, we used claims data from three sources: Medicare 5% Standard Analytical File, Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System, and Optum claims data for the privately insured. To estimate indirect and non-medical cost components, we worked with the rare disease community to design and implement a primary survey.Results: There were an estimated 15.5 million U.S. children (N=1,322,886) and adults (N=14,222,299) with any of the 379 RDs in 2019 with a total economic burden of $997 billion, including a direct medical cost of $449 billion (45%), $437 billion (44%) in indirect costs, and $111 billion (11%) in non-medical costs. The top drivers for excess medical costs associated with RD are hospital inpatient care and prescription medication; the top indirect cost categories are labor market productivity losses due to absenteeism, presenteeism, and forced early retirement.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the scale of the RD economic burden and call for immediate attention from the scientific communities, policy leaders, and other key stakeholders such as health care providers and employers, to think innovatively and collectively, to identify new ways to help improve the care, management, and treatment of these often-devastating diseases.

scholarly journals Economic burden of lung cancer in Turkey: a cost of illness study from payer perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Cicin ◽  
Ergun Oksuz ◽  
Nuri Karadurmus ◽  
Simten Malhan ◽  
Mahmut Gumus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Illness Study

Abstract Background This study was designed to estimate economic burden of lung cancer in Turkey from payer perspective based on expert panel opinion on practice patterns in clinical practice. Methods In this cost of illness study, direct medical cost was calculated based on cost items related to outpatient visits, laboratory and radiological tests, hospitalizations/interventions, drug treatment, adverse events and metastasis. Indirect cost was calculated based on lost productivity due to early retirement, morbidity and premature death resulting from the illness, the value of lost productivity due to time spent by family caregivers and cost of formal caregivers. Results Cost analysis revealed the total per patient annual direct medical cost for small cell lung cancer to be €8772), for non-small-cell lung cancer to be €10,167. Total annual direct medical cost was €497.9 million, total annual indirect medical cost was €1.1 billion and total economic burden of lung cancer was €1.6 billion. Hospitalization/interventions (41%) and indirect costs (68.6%) were the major cost drivers for total direct costs and the overall economic burden of lung cancer, respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicate per patient direct medical costs of small cell lung cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer to be substantial and comparable, indicating the substantial economic burden of lung cancer in terms of both direct and indirect costs. Our findings indicate that hospitalization/interventions cost item and indirect costs were the major cost drivers for total direct costs and the overall economic burden of lung cancer, respectively. Our findings emphasize the potential role of improved cancer prevention and early diagnosis strategies, by enabling cost savings related to drug treatment and metastasis management cost items, in sustainability of cancer treatments.

scholarly journals Th e clinical-economic analysis of Dupilumab in severe asthma

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
I. S. Krysanov ◽  
V. S. Krysanova ◽  
V. Yu. Ermakova
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Treatment Comparison

Background. Severe Asthma is a most social important chronic illness due to highest expenditures of Health Care System for control and treatment of exacerbations and decreasing of GDP. Situation with modern treatment is better now because biologic drugs have introduced into real practice. Biologic drugs — dupilumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab and benralizumab — decrease annual exacerbation rate of severe asthma as well as improve a lung function. Comparison of clinical-economic analyses of biologic drugs usage can help choose an optimal treatment technology of severe asthma. Materials and methods. Calculation of direct and indirect costs of treatment based of indirect treatment comparison of biologic drugs in severe asthma has been performed. Weighted average annual number of exacerbations prevention was chosen as efficacy criteria and their were for dupilumab 200 mg — 0,41, 0,26 for mepolizumab, 0,22 for reslizumab, 0,16 — for benralizumab. Cost-effective ratios were calculated, and sensitivity analysis has been performed for results confirmation. Results. Direct annual costs were less for dupilumab treatment — 834 970 RUR/ patient/year. Same costs for others biologicals were: for mepolizumab — 935 931 RUR, for reslizumab — 1 582 577 RUR/patient/ year, for benralizumab — 1 224 786 RUR/patient/year. Dupilumab has demonstrated less indirect costs in severe asthma patients. Disability is a major contributor of GDP loss. Total expenditures were higher in mepolizumab (on 11,3 %), in reslizumab (on 82,9 %), in benralizumab (on 43,4 %) in compare with the same parameter for dupilumab. Sensitivity analysis has confirmed a stability results calculated in different scenariois. Conclusion. Dupilumab 200 mg in severe asthma is an preference alternative in the treatment compare with other biologics because it has better efficacy and less annual costs.

scholarly journals Cystic fibrosis as a social-economic burden

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
A. S. Kolbin ◽  
Yu. M. Gomon ◽  
O. I. Karpov ◽  
Yu. E. Balykina ◽  
M. A. Proskurin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Main Part ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Burden

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic genetic disease with social significant weight because it influences on social humanitarian part of health and on sources of health care system as well. Materials and methods. Data of CF Register and treatment methodology based on clinical guidelines were used for analysis. Direct and indirect medical costs as well as indirect costs have been calculated per one patient per year. Direct costs included diagnostic costs and treatment based on Obligatory medical Insurance fund tariffs, costs of drugs and medical devices, rehabilitation, payments due to disability; indirect costs included loss of GDP. Results. Total expenditures were calculated as 3,1 mln RUR for one patient annually, direct medical costs were 71 % of total. Main part of expenditures was allocated for out-patient stage of treatment — 1,57 mln RUR. Exacerbations costs were estimated as 399,4 thousand RUR. Indirect medical cost was 314,6 thousand RUR, and indirect cost as 582,9 thousand RUR as well annually. Total economic burden of CF for Russian Federation was calculated as 10,37 bln RUR/year, main part was a direct medical expenditures — 73 %. Conclusion. CF is a big social-economic burden in the Russian conditions. Reducing the number of exacerbations and improving lung function, as well as increasing the life expectancy of patients with CF due to introduction of new technologies in health care (targeted therapy) is aimed at reducing the social burden of the disease, which will require increasing the availability of effective (targeted) drugs in the future.

scholarly journals Economic burden of main Noncommunicable diseases in the Russian Federation in 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kontsevaya ◽  
Y Balanova ◽  
M Khudyakov ◽  
A Myrzamatova ◽  
D Mukaneeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract Aim To estimate the economic burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Russian Federation (RF) in 2016, including the direct costs and the economic losses caused by reduced productivity. Material and Methods We included 4 diseases: cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes, cancer and chronic pulmonary disease (COPD). We used the official statistics data collected by Ministry of health on the number of patients, health care resources utilization (hospitalizations, emergency visits, outpatients’ visits). The costs of health care were obtained from health insurance fund. Directs nonmedical costs included disabilitypayments, calculated based on the number of disabled persons from each group and by the amount of the disability allowance. Indirect costs (economic losses) included decreased productivity due to premature mortality and disability. The potential years of life lost (PYLL) were calculated using the number of life years lost due todeath and disability due to NCDs before 70 years. Human capital approach was used, and calculation were based on the GDP per person. Results Number of PYLL due to premature death from NCDs was estimated to be 8,0 million years. Economic burden because of NCDs in 2016 in the RF reached 3,3 trillion (45.9 billion €), which is equivalent of 3.9% of GDP for this year. Direct costs were responsible only for 13% of losses, indirect costs for 87% of the total burden. CVD were responsible for 81,4% of burden, cancer – for 7,1%, diabetes - 6,5% and COPD for 5,0%. Conclusions The economic burden because of NCDs in the RF in 2016 was 3.3 trillion (3.9% of GDP). Such the significant economic burden and absence of positive dynamics is a strong argument for increasing investments in the prevention and treatment of NCDs. Key messages Number of PYLL due to premature death from NCDs was estimated to be 8,0 million years. Economic burden because of NCDs in 2016 in the RF reached 3,3 trillion (45.9 billion €), which is equivalent of 3.9% of GDP for this year.

scholarly journals Cost effectiveness analysis of universal varicella vaccination in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
A. V. Rudakova ◽  
S. M. Kharit ◽  
I. V. Babachenko ◽  
L. N. Konovalova ◽  
S. V. Rychkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Varicella Vaccination ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
The Cost

Varicella is a significant burden on society and the healthcare system.Objective: to analyze the cost effectiveness of universal vaccination of children against varicella.Material and methods. The analysis was carried out from the perspective of the healthcare system and societal perspective, based on epidemiological data for the Russian Federation. The effect was taken into account only in the vaccinated population. The time horizon of the study is 10 years. The amount of direct medical costs for treatment of varicella was calculated based on the rates of compulsory medical insurance in St. Petersburg in 2020. The cost of drug therapy in outpatient settings was calculated based on the weighted average retail price of prescribed drugs. The analysis of direct nonmedical and indirect costs was carried out taking into account statistical data on the Russian Federation and duration of temporary disability of family members of sick children. Costs and quality-adjusted life expectancy were discounted by 3.5% per year.Results. The average cost due to the disease in the Russian Federation is 43,139 rubles / patient, of which 8,5% is direct cost. Vaccination of 100,000 children will prevent 38,551 cases of varicella in 10 years. When analyzing from a social perspective, vaccination provides a reduction in costs compared to no vaccination, and the savings will amount to 10.1 thousand rubles per 1 vaccinated person.If vaccination coverage is 90%, taking into account the fact that the cohort of children in the Russian Federation at the age of 1 year is about 1.9 million people, the cost of vaccination will amount to about 8.1 billion rubles annually. At the same time, already 6 years after vaccination, the volume of averted budgetary costs will exceed the costs of vaccination.Conclusion. Universal varicella vaccination of children will reduce the incidence of the disease and reduce the budget costs associated with this disease.

Estimation of Socioeconomic Burden of Lung Cancer in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Avxentyeva ◽  
Filipp Gorkavenko ◽  
Anna Nikitina ◽  
Anastasia Savilova ◽  
Ksenia Gerasimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Friction Cost ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Friction Cost Method ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to estimate the socio-economic burden of lung cancer (LC) in the Russian Federation. Methodology: the social burden of LC is defined as the number of patients newly diagnosed with LC in 2016, those who are followed-up in oncology clinics, disabled and deceased persons. The economic burden consists of total direct and indirect costs associated with LC and estimated from a government perspective. Direct medical costs include costs for diagnosis, inpatient and outpatient treatment, palliative care, follow-up costs, and expenditures for the subsidized drug coverage. Direct non-medical costs include payments for sickness and disability caused by LC. Indirect costs were calculated as a loss of a gross domestic product due to LC morbidity and mortality. Calculations were based on the methods described in Ignatieva V. I. et al. (2014) and adapted by the authors of this study to new methods of inpatient medical care payment. Indirect costs were calculated by the friction cost method. The sensitivity analysis was conducted to estimate the impact of initial parameters` variations, as well as the impact of indirect costs estimation with the human capital methods, on the results. Results. In 2016, medical care was provided to 185,631 patients with LC, of whom 51,768 (27.9%) were newly diagnosed during the year. Direct medical costs were about 6.83 billion rubles. Most costs were incurred in inpatient care (4.09 billion rubles, 60.0%) and for the subsidized drug coverage (1.49 billion rubles, 21.8%). Direct non-medical expenses were about 5.76 billion rubles, 5.16 billion (89.7%) were disability-related payments. Indirect costs were about 14.77 billion rubles (friction cost method).

ON THE REGIME OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC IN RUSSIA AND ITS IMPACT UPON THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX, INCLUDING IN EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC SPHERES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Punanova ◽  
Mikhail Rodkin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Modernization ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The mode of development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and the impact of the epidemic on the areas of scientific research, education and functioning of the fuel and energy complex are discussed. The official statistics revealed evidence both of effectivity of the taken anti-epidemic measures in Moscow and of possible cases of incorrectness of statistical data. The social situation and the mode of development of the epidemic in Moscow and in the regions of Russia are essentially different, that reduces the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures introduced uniformly throughout the whole country. The conditions of the pandemic and quarantine are difficult for everyone, but organizations and persons with a more modern informational character of production adapt to them more easily. In general, it can be suggested that the epidemic besides the very essential losses gives an important impulse for social-economic and political modernization of the society.

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