USE OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS AS A FORM OF MUTUAL SETTLEMENTS IN CIVIL CONTRACTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Хусейн Вахаевич Идрисов
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Subject

Статья посвящена описанию форм взаиморасчётов, среди которых особенно выделяются, взаиморасчёты при помощи электронных платежных систем. В работе проводится анализ законодательной базы и приводятся примеры из практики, раскрывающие предмет данной статьи. В заключении работы формулируются выводы и предложения, направленные на эффективную реализацию правоотношений в сфере электронного заключения и оплаты договоров. The article is devoted to the description of forms of mutual settlements, among which the settlements using electronic payment systems are particularly distinguished. The paper analyzes the legal framework and provides practical examples that reveal the subject of this article. In the conclusion of the work, conclusions and proposals are formulated aimed at the effective implementation of legal relations in the field of electronic conclusion and payment of contracts.

Mitigation of Cyber Risks in the Field of Electronic Payments: Organizational and Legal Measures

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail Nikolaevich DUDIN ◽  
Vadim Nikolaevich ZASKO ◽  
Evgeniya Evgenevna FROLOVA ◽  
Natalya Georgievna PAVLOVA ◽  
Ekaterina Petrovna RUSAKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Electronic Payments

The issues of ensuring the electronic payments’ security are currently in the limelight of participants in the monetary system and the scientific expert community. The goal of this paper is to develop organizational and legal measures aimed at improving the security of electronic payments in the Russian Federation. Research methods include the analysis of retrospective data describing the development of the payment system and electronic payments using bank cards, as well as the method of statistical observations and analysis of secondary data from surveys of Russian and foreign companies covering the information security. Through solving the research problems, the author managed to draw a number of conclusions: Dynamic development of the electronic payment system causes the growth of cybercrime and cyber risks in payment systems; Despite quite active actions of state bodies and the Bank of Russia, the legal framework and infrastructure for electronic payments are still in the development stage; Cyber attacks cause significant damage not only to financial institutions, but also to companies from a non-financial sector, as well as to ordinary citizens using electronic payment systems. In the opinion of the author, the key organizational and legal measures aimed at mitigating cyber risks in electronic payments may be measures to form the centralized payment infrastructure of the Bank of Russia, introduce the corporate cyber threat management systems, improve policies and procedures for the protection of personal data at the corporate level, as well as train the employees in the field of information security of electronic settlements.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEGAL MECHANISM FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF PAYMENT SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 079-084
Author(s):  
ELIZAVETA SALINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Payment System ◽  
State University ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Proper Functioning ◽  
Money Transfer ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Transfer Services ◽  
Legal Mechanism

1 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia The presented research reveals an approach to the construction of a legal mechanism for the functioning of payment systems. The proposed approach is based on the application of the principles of legal regulation. The purpose of a work is to determine the existing legal mechanism for the functioning of payment systems, identify its drawbacks and propose a new approach to legal regulation to ensure the proper functioning of payment systems. The proposed approach to legal regulation takes into account the specifics of the functioning of payment systems, which consists in the presence of three elements in its activities: institutional, procedural and organizational. These elements reflect the subject structure of the payment system, the process of providing money transfer services by them, and the ways in which payment system entities interact during providing payment services. Each of the elements must be defined within the legal framework of the payment system to ensure its proper functioning. The proposed principles of legal regulation take into account the features of these elements, in particular, the principles are classified into three groups, depending on the element they affect. The paper describes ways to implement the principles in the legal mechanism: the possibility of their direct application, depending on the type of significance of the payment system, is analyzed. It is also concluded that the implementation of the principles in the legal mechanism will reduce the regulatory burden on payment systems by using an approach depending on the level of significance of the payment system. The paper defines the role of the principles, which is that the principles allow to eliminate the legal gaps in the legislation on the national payment system, and prevent the emergence of new gaps.

scholarly journals Fundamental Pedagogical Aspects for the Implementation of Models-Based Practice in Physical Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7152
Author(s):  
Alejandra Hernando-Garijo ◽  
David Hortigüela-Alcalá ◽  
Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel ◽  
Sixto González-Víllora
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pedagogical Models ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Educational Field ◽  
Common Action

The implementation of pedagogical models (PMs) in the subject of Physical Education (PE) is presented as a pedagogical approach that is based on the educational context as a means to overcome the serious limitations that arise from traditional approaches. The effective implementation of this approach has demonstrated benefits in terms of student motivation, student involvement and improved learning. Thus, its application and international relevance, the variability of content covered, the possibility of replicability in a variety of contexts and the fact that it favors a reflective framework and common action by teachers are some of the reasons that justify its use. In this sense, the need for teacher training, as well as the intention to generate more scientific evidence based on its application in the classroom, are some of the key aspects to be taken into account for its implementation and consequent consolidation in the educational field.

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS IN A PANDEMIC: ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND FIRECASTING THE CONSEQUENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
V. V. TADTAEVA ◽  
◽  
B. E. BAGAEV ◽  
A. A. BESAEVA ◽  
A. E. KALMANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Electronic Money

Money is an integral part of the economic life of society. Payments are made both in cash and in non-cash form. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the use of electronic payment systems became the most profitable. The article examines the role of electronic money in the modern world in the context of a pandemic. Is given a rating of e-payment systems in Russia for 9 months. 2020.

Factors impacting on effective implementation of land title registration – a perspective from Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Benjamin Armah Quaye
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Effective Implementation

Many governments across Sub Saharan Africa are in the process of introducing or improving land registration and formal titling systems. One of the stated aims is to achieve modern land information management in order to facilitate the development of the land market. It is often assumed that, because formal systems and institutions have enjoyed some positive outcomes in terms of realising wealth in developed countries, they will succeed equally well in developing economies. However, findings from empirical studies across several developing countries show that the performance of formal land registration systems has been mixed. Relying on empirical data from two major cities in Ghana, this paper examines the operations of land registration system with particular reference to its land information management aspects. The analysis shows that a divergence in the implementation of principles of the legal framework and organisational challenges are major contributory factors to deficiencies in the land information regime of the land registration system. Hence, there is a need for effective implementation of well-crafted and functional legal frameworks for land registration, to ensure that the principles and operations of land registration are locally relevant and sensitive. To address the inadequate organisational capacity there is a need to improve the capacity of the human resource base of the officials of the formal land administration sector. The procedure for land registration must also be streamlined in order to eliminate unnecessary requirements and thereby reduce the transaction time, costs of registration and frustration of clients.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE OF THE UKRAINIAN MARKET OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Tetiana ZATONATSKA ◽  
Olena VOLVACH
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Today, almost the only industry in the country that Ukraine can really be proud of and which is considered one of the most technologically advanced in the world is the development of card technologies, payment technologies and card infrastructure. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of electronic payment systems in Ukraine and highlight development trends. Results. The modern fintech directions in Ukraine are analyzed and examples of the impact of COVID-19 on the market of electronic payment systems for the last period are given. A number of trends are highlighted for further research in the field of electronic payment systems, which are now quite promising. Perspectives. Given the significant increase in non-cash payments, the problem of developing financial technologies and spreading awareness among the population has become especially urgent. It is necessary to improve not only the financial technologies themselves, but also the ways of providing them to clients and promoting modern financial technologies. Electronic payment systems can still be considered one of the most promising areas for future research.

scholarly journals Distributed generation of photovoltaic solar energy: impacts of ANEEL`s new regulation proposal on investment attractiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-442
Author(s):  
Diego Silva Cardoso ◽  
Pedro Sartori Locatelli ◽  
Wanderley Ramalho ◽  
Nader Asgary
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Photovoltaic Solar Energy ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The production of photovoltaic solar energy has gained international prominence, being the subject of government policies aimed at its development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability of a shared photovoltaic solar energy project, located in the national territory, resulting from changes in regulatory framework of the sector represented by different tariff levels.Design/methodology/approach – It is a quantitative study based on corporate finance as its theoretical-conceptual substrate. Simulations were carried out using different energy price and tariff scenarios.Findings - The results reveal that, under current conditions, distributed photovoltaic solar energy generation is financially very attractive to investors. In addition, it was found that significant changes in the tariff regime for this type of energy might prevent new investments in the segment. Practical implications – The evidence suggests caution in changing the legal framework of a segment that is still incipient in the country, which generates clean and renewable energy, and with enormous growth potential.Originality/value - The study presents, in a systematic way, the possible impacts of changes in the price and tariff scenarios on the attractiveness of investment in the distributed generation of photovoltaic solar energy generation. In this sense, it can be easily adapted to evaluate industrial plant projects of different sizes in regions with distinct levels of solar irradiation.           

scholarly journals Cashless Economy in India: Challenges Ahead

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Aslam Hasan ◽  
Mohammed Atif Aman ◽  
Mohd Ashraf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
New Era ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
The Way

In an attempt to curb-out black money, money laundering, and to have a sound economy, the central government of India has embarked on the cashless economy. It is the birth of a new era in the nation with life with digital money. This paper is going to conceptualize the meaning of a cashless system, explains online banking techniques in India, schemes by government to spread the cashless system in India and highlights the challenges of the cashless economy and electronic payment systems. The objective of this study is to examine the significant challenges that are faced by Indians on the way towards cashless. To achieve the objectives of this exploratory type of personal study, interviews will be conducted.

scholarly journals Ethical Development of Artificial Amniotic Sac and Placenta Technology: A Roadmap

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Verweij ◽  
Lien De Proost ◽  
Judith O. E. H. van Laar ◽  
Lily Frank ◽  
Sylvia A. Obermann-Borstn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Value Sensitive Design ◽  
Ethical Development ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Study Participants

In this paper we present an initial roadmap for the ethical development and eventual implementation of artificial amniotic sac and placenta technology in clinical practice. We consider four elements of attention: (1) framing and societal dialogue; (2) value sensitive design, (3) research ethics and (4) ethical and legal research resulting in the development of an adequate moral and legal framework. Attention to all elements is a necessary requirement for ethically responsible development of this technology. The first element concerns the importance of framing and societal dialogue. This should involve all relevant stakeholders as well as the general public. We also identify the need to consider carefully the use of terminology and how this influences the understanding of the technology. Second, we elaborate on value sensitive design: the technology should be designed based upon the principles and values that emerge in the first step: societal dialogue. Third, research ethics deserves attention: for proceeding with first-in-human research with the technology, the process of recruiting and counseling eventual study participants and assuring their informed consent deserves careful attention. Fourth, ethical and legal research should concern the status of the subject in the AAPT. An eventual robust moral and legal framework for developing and implementing the technology in a research setting should combine all previous elements. With this roadmap, we emphasize the importance of stakeholder engagement throughout the process of developing and implementing the technology; this will contribute to ethically and responsibly innovating health care.

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