Nutritional Status of the Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia at Diagnosis and after Completion of Induction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Noor-A-Sabah Liza ◽  
S. M. Rezanur Rahman ◽  
Afiqul Islam ◽  
Chowdhury Yakub Jamal ◽  
Mohosina Sultana Setu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Adequate nutrition is an important concern in children with leukemia. Malnutrition and weight lost are common and are due to verity of mechanism involving the tumor, the host response to the tumor such as infection and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic drugs. Objective: To evaluate and compare the nutritional status of children with ALL at diagnosis and after completion of induction therapy. Methodology: This prospective observational study included 60 children newly diagnosed as ALL, aged 2-15 years, over a period from April 2012 to September 2012 in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, BSMMU. The anthropometric measurements and serum albumin level were taken. Anthropometric indices are calculated by NCHS (WHO-2000) and classified as Z score. Children <-2 SD are considered as underweight (WFA), stunted (HFA) and wasted (WFH). Serum albumin level below 21g/dl is considered as severely malnourished. The Hb values of the children are compared with normal values by age. The children got induction chemotherapy according to MRC-11 protocol. They were in regular follow up and again anthropometric measurements and serum albumin level were taken after completion of induction. Results: Out of 60 children with ALL, 48 (70%) were underweight, 45 (75%) were stunted 36 (60%) were wasted at diagnosis. Incidence of malnutrition among leukemia children after completion of induction were 24 (40%) underweight, 45 (75%) were stunted and 6 (10%) were wasted. The results showed that children in the newly diagnosed stage had a higher prevalence of malnutrition. However no statistically significant difference in the nutritional status was found among newly diagnosed and after completion of induction in term of underweight and stunting but newly diagnosed patients had statistically significant wasting than patients who had completed induction chemotherapy. No patient showed severe malnutrition based on the cut-off point for serum albumin on both stages. All the children (100%) had less than normal range hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: Malnutrition was higher in children with newly diagnosed leukemia. Children had significant differences in the nutritional status in term of wasting at diagnosis than after completion of induction therapy. So, the nutritional status of children with leukemia should be monitor periodically.

Albumin Is a Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4253-4253
Author(s):  
Awais M. Khan ◽  
Jeffrey E. Lancet ◽  
Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja ◽  
Najla H Al Ali ◽  
Alan F. List ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
History Of

Abstract Abstract 4253 Background: Hypoalbuminemia (HA) is a strong predictor of poor clinical outcomes in many medical conditions. Low serum albumin is recognized as an adverse prognostic factor in patients with neoplastic diseases such as multiple myeloma, melanoma, and colon cancer. Severe hypoalbuminemia (<3.0 g/dl) at day +90 post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) was reported as an independent predictive variable for non-relapse mortality and overall survival (Kharfan-Dabaja, et al Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009; 15). A separate study conducted by our group showed that in patients with relapsed and refractory AML, serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl prior to salvage chemotherapy, correlated with lower complete remission (CR) rate and inferior overall survival (OS) (Komrokji, et al ASH 2009). We examined the prognostic value of serum albumin level prior to induction chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed AML. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in a cohort of newly diagnosed AML patients who received induction chemotherapy (3+ 7 regimen). The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between serum albumin at baseline and probability for achieving complete remission (CR) or incomplete remission (CRi) and overall survival (OS). All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 19.0. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate median overall survival; chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Log rank test was used to compare Kaplan–Meier survival estimates between two groups and Cox regression for multivariable analysis. Results: Between November 2004 and July 2007, 135 patients who received 3+7 induction chemotherapy at Moffitt Cancer Center were included in this analysis. Patient baseline characteristics were similar between patients with baseline serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl (HA) and those with serum albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dl (no HA) with respect to age, sex, FAB subtype, history of antecedent MDS, karyotype, and chemotherapy. Patients with HA, mean age was 60 years compared to 56.5 years in non HA group. The median OS for patients with HA was 221 days (95%CI 149.5–292.5) compared to 421 days (95%CI 236.7–605) with normal serum albumin (p<0.005). (Figure-1) The CR/CRi rate was 64%% for HA and 77.6% for those with normal albumin (p=0.09). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis including age ≥ 60 years, history of MDS, karyotype, and serum albumin level at baseline; only age, karyotype and serum albumin were independent predictors of OS [Hazard ratio 0.47 (95%CI 0.31–0.71) (p<0.005) for normal serum albumin group]. Conclusion: In this cohort of patients with newly diagnosed AML, we demonstrate that hypoalbuminemia < 3.5 g/dl is an independent covariate for overall survival with conventional chemotherapy management. Serum albumin is a surrogate marker of general health, comorbidities, and performance status. The prognostic value of low serum albumin should be validated in a prospective study. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Albumin as a prognostic factor for overall survival in newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6586-6586
Author(s):  
Awais M. Khan ◽  
Jeffrey E. Lancet ◽  
Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja ◽  
Najla Al Ali ◽  
Alan F. List ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
History Of

6586 Background: Hypoalbuminemia (HA) is an adverse prognostic factor in multiple neoplastic diseases. Severe hypoalbuminemia (<3.0 g/dl) at day +90 post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) was reported as an independent predictive variable for non-relapse mortality and overall survival (Kharfan-Dabaja, et al Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009; 15). We examined the prognostic value of serum albumin level prior to induction chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed AML. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in newly diagnosed AML patients receiving induction chemotherapy (3+ 7 regimen). Primary objective was to examine the relationship between serum albumin at baseline and probability of achieving complete remission (CR) or incomplete remission (CRi) and overall survival (OS). The Kaplan–Meier method used to estimate median overall survival; chi-square test used for comparison of categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Log rank test used to compare Kaplan–Meier survival estimates between two groups. Results: Between November 2004 to July 2007, 135 patients who received 3+7 induction chemotherapy were included. Patient baseline characteristics were similar between patients with serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl (HA) and those with serum albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dl (no HA) with respect to age, sex, FAB subtype, history of antecedent MDS, karyotype, and chemotherapy . In patients with HA, mean age was 60 years compared to 56.5 years in non HA group. The median OS for patients with HA was 221 days (95%CI 149.5-292.5) compared to 421 days (95%CI 236.7-605) with normal serum albumin (p<0.005). (Figure-1) The CR/CRi rate was 64%% for HA and 77.6% for those with normal albumin (p=0.09). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis including age ≥ 60 years, history of MDS, karyotype, and serum albumin level at baseline; only age, karyotype and serum albumin were independent predictors of OS [Hazard ratio 0.47 (95%CI 0.31-0.71) (p<0.005) for normal serum albumin group]. Conclusions: In newly diagnosed AML, we demonstrate that hypoalbuminemia < 3.5 g/dl is an independent covariate for overall survival with conventional chemotherapy management. The prognostic value of low serum albumin should be validated in a prospective study.

Serum Albumin Level as a Prognostic Marker for Covid-19 Positive Patients in Western Uttar Pradesh - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Shreyansh Talera ◽  
Saurabh Singhal ◽  
Nishant Wadhera ◽  
Mayank Arora ◽  
Ravi Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND WHO has declared Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) as a pandemic. Covid-19 leads to sickness and death. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most common circulating protein in the body having oncotic as well as non-oncotic properties. The role of albumin in death among Covid-19 subjects, especially in this part of the country has not been frequently reported. The aim of the study was to analyse the role of serum albumin level as prognostic marker for Covid-19 positive patients. METHODS The present study was conducted in the department of Medicine at Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, UP. The study comprised of 100 subjects who were Covid positive from May 2020 to July 2020. A detailed explanation was given to all the participating respondents regarding the study and their contribution to it. Covid-19 was diagnosed on the basis of the WHO interim guidelines. A questionnaire was prepared to collect the patients’ demographic profile. Patients date of admission and discharge was recorded along with the outcome i.e., whether patient expired or survived. Patients’ diagnosis was identified along with the comorbidity (if present). Laboratory investigations comprised of CBC and serum albumin detection. Data so collected was tabulated in an excel sheet, under the guidance of statistician. Collected data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24 and the tests used were t test and Fisher’s exact test and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The study comprised of 100 subjects, out of which 45 were males and 55 were females. The overall mean age of the study subjects was 37.52 years. In our study, mortality was 35.29 %, 9.33 % and 85.7 % of the subjects having Covid-19+ type 2 diabetes (T2DM), only Covid-19 and Covid-19+ hypertension respectively with statistically significant difference as p < 0.05. Albumin level was significantly lower in expired patients (2.99) as compared to survivors (3.85) as p < 0.05. Hospital stay was also higher in expired patients. CONCLUSIONS Covid-19 patients had low serum albumin levels and that might play a role in the survival of patient. KEYWORDS Covid-19, Mortality, Albumin

Comparison of Outcomes After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (Allo-HCT) In 73 Patients with Follicular Lymphoma (FL), Transformed Follicular Lymphoma (TL), or De Novo Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): Favorable Outcome for TL Similar to FL

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3508-3508
Author(s):  
Kohei Tada ◽  
Sung-Won Kim ◽  
Yoshitaka Asakura ◽  
Nobuhiro Hiramoto ◽  
Kimikazu Yakushijin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Abstract 3508 Background: Allo-HCT is a therapeutic option for patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). However, the outcome of allo-HCT with a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen for TL remains controversial, and no previous reports have compared the outcomes after allo-HCT for FL, TL, and DLBCL in the rituximab era. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 73 consecutive pts with FL (n=33), TL (n=18), or DLBCL (n=22) who received allo-HCT at our institute between January 2000 and December 2008. We defined TL as DLBCL that was histologically proven in pts with pre- (n=8) or co- (n=10) existing FL. The median age of the 73 pts was 47 years (range, 26–67). The median duration from diagnosis to HCT was 38 months (range, 6–175). The median number of prior chemotherapy regimens was 4 (range, 1–10): 57 pts (78%) had received prior rituximab, and 23 (32%) had received high-dose chemotherapy with autologous HCT prior to allo-HCT. The disease status at allo-HCT was CR or PR/refractory; 23 (32%)/50 (68%) for all pts, 10/23 for FL, 7/11 for TL, and 6/16 for DLBCL. The age-adjusted international prognostic index (aaIPI) at HCT was high or high-intermediate risk in 21 pts (28%), and FLIPI at HCT was high risk in 11 pts with FL (15%). The median level of serum albumin at HCT was 4.2 g/dL (range, 2.7–5.1). A myeloablative conditioning regimen was used for 14 pts (19%), and a RIC regimen was used for 59 pts (81%). The donor and stem cell source were related peripheral blood stem cells in 44 pts (60%), related bone marrow in 2 (3%), unrelated bone marrow in 21 (29%), and cord blood in 6 (8 %). Results: With a median follow-up of 68 months in surviving pts, the 5-year estimated overall survival (OS; Figure) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 58% and 54% for all pts, 80% and 71% for FL, 67% and 67% for TL, and 20% and 17% for DLBCL, respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidences of relapse/disease progression (PD) and non-relapse mortality were 25% and 39% for all pts, 10% and 22% for FL, 24% and 13% for TL, and 50% and 67% for DLBCL, respectively. Grade III-IV acute GVHD occurred in 25% of all pts, and OS was significantly worse in such pts [hazard ratio (HR) 2.5 (95%CI 1.2–5.3), p=0.02]. Extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHD) occurred in 53% of pts who survived 100 days or longer, and OS for patients with extensive cGVHD was significantly worse than that in pts without extensive cGVHD [HR 4.5 (1.3-15.6), p=0.02]. The cause of death included PD in 10 pts, GVHD in 5, infection in 4, non-infectious lung complication in 5, cerebral infarction or hemorrhage in 2, and unknown in 3. No pts with FL died of PD, and no pts with TL who had survived for 7 months after HCT relapsed thereafter. By a multivariate analysis, the OS for DLBCL was significantly worse than that of TL [HR 4.8 (1.7-13.2), p=0.002]. OS for FL was not significantly different from that of TL [HR 0.74 (0.2-2.4), p=0.6]. Other factors that influenced OS were aaIPI at HCT [high or high-intermediate risk, HR 3.7 (1.6-8.5), p=0.002] and the serum albumin level at HCT [<4 g/dL, HR 2.4 (1.1-5.5), p=0.03]. Conclusion: In the rituximab era, pts with TL showed more favorable outcomes after allo-HCT compared to those with DLBCL, and there was no significant difference in OS between FL and TL. AaIPI and the serum albumin level at HCT may be useful surrogate markers that influence OS for pts with B-NHL after allo-HCT. Allo-HCT, mainly with the use of a RIC regimen, might be a promising option for pts with relapsed or refractory FL and TL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Impact of Nutritional Status on Peritonitis in CAPD Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Prasad ◽  
Amit Gupta ◽  
Raj K. Sharma ◽  
Archna Sinha ◽  
Ramesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Risk Index ◽  
The Impact

Objective To determine the impact of nutritional status on peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in a developing country. Methods 56 patients with end-stage renal disease on CAPD were randomly selected for this study. These patients were assessed for nutritional status and peritonitis episodes. Nutritional parameters were assessed by anthropometry, diet, body mass index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), serum albumin level, and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Based on SGA, patients were categorized into either group 1 (malnutrition, n = 31) or group 2 (normal nutritional status, n = 25). Peritonitis was considered the primary outcome and was compared between the two groups. Results Demographic profiles, Kt/V, creatinine clearance, and mean follow-up of the two groups were similar. Number of peritonitis episodes was significantly higher in patients with malnutrition (25/31) compared to patients with normal nutritional status (4/25) ( p = 0.001). Mean peritonitis rate per patient per year was also significantly higher in patients with malnutrition (0.99 ± 1.07) compared to patients with normal nutritional status (0.18 ± 0.42) ( p = 0.007). On univariate analysis, malnutrition based on SGA ( p = 0.009), NRI ( p = 0.02), serum albumin level ( p = 0.005), and calorie intake ( p = 0.006) was a significant predictor of peritonitis. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, only SGA ( p = 0.001, odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.02 – 0.36) was found to be a significant predictor of peritonitis. On general linear model, the observed power of prediction of peritonitis was 0.96 based on SGA. On Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, peritonitis-free survival in patients with normal nutrition (42 months) was significantly higher compared to patients with malnutrition (21 months) based on SGA (log rank p = 0.003). Conclusion We conclude that peritonitis rate is high in patients with malnutrition and that malnutrition indices, especially SGA, can predict the peritonitis rate in CAPD patients.

PP-043 The Relationship Between Serum Albumin Level and Non-dipper pattern in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Harun Kundi ◽  
İhsan Ates ◽  
Mustafa Cetin ◽  
Emrullah Kiziltunc ◽  
Feridun Vasfi Ulusoy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals ANALISIS KADAR ALBUMIN SERUM DENGAN RASIO DE RITIS PADA PENDERITA HEPATITIS B

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
AT. Lopa ◽  
B. Rusli ◽  
M. Arif ◽  
Hardjoeno Hardjoeno
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Hepatitis is a inflammation process which may present in an acute or chronic phase. A decrease of serum albumin level may befound in liver disease. Ratio de Ritis in mild hepatitis is < 1 while in alcoholic hepatitis is >1. To analyze serum albumin level withratio de Ritis in hepatitis B patients. A cross sectional study was carried out comprising 46 subjects from October 2005 to August 2006measuring albumin level SGOT and SGPT levels using Lyasis autoanalyzer. Thirty eight males and eight females, the level of serumalbumin decreased with an average of albumin level 2.98 gr/dL (p<0.05). Twenty two subjects showed a ratio de Ritis ≤ 1 with theaverage albumin level 3.00 gr/dL and 24 subjects were included in group ratio de Ritis > 1 with average albumin level 2.96 gr/dL(p value = 0.658). There was a decrease of serum albumin level in hepatitis B patient but no significant difference between decrease ofserum albumin level with ratio of de Ritis ≤ 1 and ratio of de Ritis >1.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Children in Three Pre-elementary Schools in Medan, North Sumatera Abstract

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Abdul Gani ◽  
Erliana Malik Miraza ◽  
Iskandar Z. Lubis ◽  
Endang D. Hamid ◽  
Sjarjikat Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Protein Calorie Malnutrition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Anthropometric measurements have been taken on 162 children of Methodist, Dharma Wanita USU and Aisyiah pre-elementary schools in Medan to assess their nutritional status. This study was done cross sectionally from january to February 1990. The nutritional status of those children were then compared among those schools with the assumption that father's income and educational level of mothers were different. By the parameters of W!A, HI A. q.nd WIH it showed that the nutritional status of children in the pre-elementary schools were generally quite good. Using parameters W/A and W/H there was a significant difference between the children in Methodist and in Aisyiah (p <0.001). University graduated mothers could be found in Dharma Wan ita USU, whereas in Methodist and Aisyiah pre-elementary schools the mothers were mostly secondary high school graduates. Father's income above Rp. 150.000,- could be found in Methodist pre-elementary school subsequently followed by Dharma Wanita USU pre-elementary schools, whereas in A isyiah pre-elementary school the father's income was mostly between Rp. 100.000,and Rp. 149.999,-. By using the Water/ow classification we found 9.88% children with acute Protein Calorie Malnutrition, whereas chronic Protein Calorie Malnutrition only 2.46%. The nutritional status of children in the three pre-elementary schools could be concluded as good.

Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Factors Related to Malnutrition in Children on CAPD

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesiha Ekim ◽  
Aydan Ikinciogullari ◽  
Betul Ulukol ◽  
Sevcan A. Bakkaloglu ◽  
Nuray Ozkaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Positive Correlations

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and to relate it to the dose of dialysis and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Patients 17 CAPD patients (8 girls, 9 boys; mean age 13.1 ± 3.5 years, median 15 years) were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and serum albumin levels were used in the evaluation of nutritional status. Serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and IGF-1 levels were determined in all CAPD patients and in a healthy control group. Weekly Kt/V and creatinine clearance (CCr) were measured to determine adequacy of dialysis. Results The mean dialysis period was 23.7 ± 15.2 months (median 23 months). Anthropometric measurements and serum albumin level were as follows: height 130.2 ± 15.6 cm, height standard deviation score (HtSDS) -4.2 ± 2.4, body mass index (BMI) 16.3 ± 1.6 kg/m2, body mass index standard deviation score (BMISDS) -0.8 ± 0.9, triceps skinfold thickness (TST) 4.2 ± 1.4 mm, midarm circumference (MAC) 16.21 ± 2.3 cm, upper arm muscle area (AMA) 1799.1 ± 535.7 mm2, upper arm fat area (AFA) 334.5 ± 143 mm2, and serum albumin 3.1 ± 0.7 g/dL. The BMI was above the fifth percentile in all patients; TST and MAC were below the fifth percentile in 14 patients (82.4%) and 10 patients (58.8%) respectively. The AMA was below the fifth percentile in 8 patients; however, the AFA was below the fifth percentile in all patients. Mean serum albumin level was under 3.5 g/dL in 70.5% of the children. We found significant positive correlations between BMI and Kt/V ( r = 0.69, p < 0.01), CCr ( r = 0.64, p < 0.05), and IL-6 ( r = 0.61, p < 0.01). There was an inverse correlation between BMISDS and dialysis period ( r = -0.58, p < 0.05); and between IL-6 and serum albumin ( r = -0.49, p < 0.05). A significant positive correlation between BMISDS and serum IGF-1 level ( r = 0.62, p < 0.01) was noted. We also found a significant positive correlation between serum IGF-1 level and both HtSDS ( r = 0.57, p < 0.05) and TST ( r = 0.52, p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations between AFA and CCr and IGF-1 were also noted (both r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Conclusion Although many factors may be responsible for malnutrition and growth retardation, we found that prolonged period of dialysis, inadequate dialysis, and low IGF-1 levels are the most important risk factors in CAPD patients.

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