Inclusion and Exclusion: Image and Perceptions of Turkish Migrants in Bulgaria and Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
Begüm Hergüvenç ◽  
Mehmet Hacısalihoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
Liberal Culture ◽  
Bulgarian People

This paper deals with the image and perceptions that Turkish migrants from Bulgaria had about the Turks in Turkey, the Turkish state, Bulgarians, and the Bulgarian state both before and after 1989. Perceptions of the Turkish minority among the Bulgarian communist elite are analysed according to published reports and statements made by Bulgarian Communist Party members. The perceptions that Turkish migrants had about Bulgaria and Turkey are the main focus of this study which is based on field research and interviews conducted with Turkish migrants from Bulgaria now living in Turkey. This article shows that these migrants held both positive and negative perceptions of Bulgaria and Turkey, largely depending on the context. The Turkish minority in Bulgaria was regarded as a problem for the Communist government and as an in-ternal enemy to the Bulgarian state. Moreover, the locals in Turkey regarded the Turkish migrants from Bulgaria as “Bulgarian migrants” who possessed a non-Muslim or “liberal” culture. In this way, they experienced exclusionary attitudes from their neighbours both in Bulgaria and in Turkey. The Turks of Bulgaria perceived the Communist regime as oppressive and as a threat to their Turkish identity. Despite their dislike of the regime, prior to the period of forced assimilation that began in 1984, they still possessed a relatively positive perception about the Bulgarian people. Interestingly, while they perceive Turkey as their homeland, they nonetheless held certain prejudices against the local population in Turkey. All of these various interaction helped to strengthen their group identity as migrants from Bulgaria.This paper deals with the image and perceptions that Turkish migrants from Bulgaria had about the Turks in Turkey, the Turkish state, Bulgarians, and the Bulgarian state both before and after 1989. Perceptions of the Turkish minority among the Bulgarian communist elite are analysed according to published reports and statements made by Bulgarian Communist Party members. The perceptions that Turkish migrants had about Bulgaria and Turkey are the main focus of this study which is based on field research and interviews conducted with Turkish migrants from Bulgaria now living in Turkey. This article shows that these migrants held both positive and negative perceptions of Bulgaria and Turkey, largely depending on the context. The Turkish minority in Bulgaria was regarded as a problem for the Communist government and as an internal enemy to the Bulgarian state. Moreover, the locals in Turkey regarded the Turkish migrants from Bulgaria as “Bulgarian migrants” who possessed a non-Muslim or “liberal” culture. In this way, they experienced exclusionary attitudes from their neighbours both in Bulgaria and in Turkey. The Turks of Bulgaria perceived the Communist regime as oppressive and as a threat to their Turkish identity. Despite their dislike of the regime, prior to the period of forced assimilation that began in 1984, they still possessed a relatively positive perception about the Bulgarian people. Interestingly, while they perceive Turkey as their homeland, they nonetheless held certain prejudices against the local population in Turkey. All of these various interaction helped to strengthen their group identity as migrants from Bulgaria.

Barriers versus promotion: Culturally sensitive healthcare for elderly Turkish migrants in Austria and Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Nevin Altıntop
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Individual Care ◽  
Care Systems

What is the perception of Turkish migrants in elderly care? The increasing number of elder migrants within the German and Austrian population is causing the challenge of including them in an adequate (culturally sensitive) way into the German/Austrian health care system. Here I introduce the perception of elder Turkish migrants within the predominant paradigm of intercultural opening of health care in Germany as well as within the concept of diversity management of health care in Vienna (Austria). The qualitative investigation follows a field research in different German and Austrian cities within the last four years and an analysis based on the Grounded Theory Methodology. The meaning of intercultural opening on the one hand, and diversity management on the other hand with respect to elderly care will be evaluated. Whereas the intercultural opening directly demands a reduction of barriers to access institutional elderly care the concept of diversity is hardly successful in the inclusion of migrants into elderly care assistance – concerning both, migrants as care-givers and migrants as care-receivers. Despite the similarities between the health care systems of Germany and Austria there are decisive differences in the perception and inclusion of migrants in elderly care that is largely based on an 'individual care' concept of the responsible institutions. Finally, this investigation demonstrates how elderly care in Germany and Austria prepares to encounter the demand of 'individual care' in a diverse society.

scholarly journals The attitudes of local people about creating sports-recreational tourist offer in Sajkaska

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Bojana Kovacevic ◽  
Jovan Plavsa
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Local People ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Cultural Affirmation ◽  
Autonomous Province

Sajkaska is a geographical region in Serbia. It is southeastern part of Backa, located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Sajkaska is characterized by suitable tourist-geographical position, a plenty of natural values and various cultural-historical inheritance. These characteristics enable a lot of opportunities for developing sports and recreational activities This paper presents the results collected in the field research about the attitudes of local people about opportunities for development sports-recreational tourism in Sajkaska, as well as involving local community in this process. Initially, the survey was carried in Sajkaska and provided data about the participation of the local communities in the sport tourism development in Sajkaska Involving local community in this process is most easily done through the development of different forms of sports-tourist movements and tourism education programs of local population of Sajkaska. As long as sport tourism development in Sajkaska is well planned and monitored, it can be an effective means of local economic growth, cultural affirmation and environmental protection without compromising a region?s unique attractions.

scholarly journals LATE MEDIEVAL MONUMENTS IN THE MATSUTA GLADE OF THE DIGOR GORGE

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101-119
Author(s):  
Г.Н . Вольная (Керцева)
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
History Of

Материальная культура позднего средневековья Дигорского ущелья Северной Осетии недостаточно хорошо изучена по сравнению с другими периодами. В статье впервые представлен комплекс археологических памятников, расположенных на Поляне Мацута Дигорского ущелья: памятники, их расположение, история изучения. Цель исследования – рассмотреть Поляну Мацута как погребальный и культовый комплекс, где находятся позднесредневековые полуподземные склепы, каменные ящики, менгиры, цырты, «нартовский» ныхас, поселения кобанского и аланского периодов. Это памятники являются почитаемыми у местного населения, упоминаются в нартовском эпосе. В статье использовались полевые методы исследования, метод анализа и аналогий. В статье представлен авторский материал спасательных раскопок 2020 г. «Грунтового могильника Мацута I, средневековье» XVI-XVIII вв. в зоне реализации проекта «Строительство фельдшерско-акушерского пункта в с. Мацута». Могильник представляет собой погребения в каменных ящиках. Всего было раскопано 75 ящиков, в которых покойные лежали вытянуто на спине головой на запад с широтными отклонениями. Некоторые ранние погребения сопровождаются обрядом кремации. Погребальный обряд находит аналогии в горной Балкарии. Для погребального обряда характерно отсутствие керамической посуды в погребениях. Над ранними погребениями могильника была устроена тризна с кремацией и большим количеством фрагментированной керамики, скорее всего местного производства. Погребальный инвентарь достаточно беден и характерен для горнокавказской культуры позднего средневековья. Во взрослых погребениях найдены одежда, обувь, пояса, головные уборы, пояса; в женских – украшения; в мужских – ножи, оселки. В детских погребениях (в большинстве случаев) слева от головы обнаружены только куриные яйца, либо погребальный инвентарь совсем отсутствует. Отмечается высокая детская смертность. Детские погребения составляют почти 50% от всего числа раскопанных погребений. The material culture of the late middle ages of the Digor gorge in North Ossetia is not well studied in comparison with other periods. The article presents for the first time a complex of archaeological monuments located in The Matsuta Glade of the Digor gorge: monuments, their location, and history of study. The purpose of the study is to consider the Matsuta Glade as a funerary and cult complex, where there are late medieval semi-underground crypts, stone boxes, menhirs, tsyrts, "nartovsky" Nykhas, settlements of the Koban and Alan periods. These monuments are revered by the local population, mentioned in the Nart epic. The article uses field research methods, the method of analysis and analogies. The article presents the author's material of rescue excavations in 2020 of the "Ground burial ground of Matsuta I, middle ages" of the XVI-XVIII centuries in the area of the project "Construction of a paramedic and midwifery station in the village of Matsuta". The burial ground is a burial in stone boxes. In total, 75 boxes were excavated, in which the deceased lay stretched out on their backs with their heads facing West with latitude deviations. Some early burials are accompanied by a cremation ceremony. The funeral rite finds analogies in the mountainous Balkaria. The funeral rite is characterized by the absence of ceramic dishes in the burials. A funeral feast with cremation and a large amount of fragmented pottery, most likely of local production, was built over the early burials of the burial ground. The grave goods are rather poor and typical for mountain Caucasian culture of the late middle ages. In adult burials found clothes, shoes, belts, headwear, belts; women's jewelry; the men's knives, whetstones. In most children's burials, only chicken eggs are found to the left of the head, or there is no burial equipment at all. Children's funerals account for almost 50% of the total number of excavated graves.

scholarly journals Implementasi Zikir terhadap Pembinaan Akhlak Keseharian Santri di Dayah Kabupaten Aceh Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-124
Author(s):  
Nurul Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Religious Subject ◽  
Collection Methods

Human is the creation of Allah swt who have morals, potentials, orientations, and tendencies toward positive and negative things. It is a characteristic and moral tied in every human. To neutralize and create a better human which is in accordance with the main purposes of  His creator, it needs specific ways to maintain a pure human appearance in their daily life. One of the ways to return and maintain their pureness is through dhikr. It has been implemented by one of the traditional educational institutions in East Aceh, namely the Islamic Boarding School Asasul Islamiyah and the Islamic Boarding School Darul Muta'allimin. In addition, besides teaching a religious subject as the main subject matter, they are also having daily dhikr-routine, before and after praying, and it becomes the main purpose to develop students’ morals. This study explores the implementation of dhikr as a development toward Islamic boarding school’s students’ daily morals in East Aceh regency, with aims (1) To figure out what kind of the several dhikr in the Islamic Boarding School Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh regency, (2) To figure out a mechanism of implementing dhikr in the Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and the Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh, (3) To know an implication dhikr toward daily morals’ development in Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh. This present study is qualitative research which is used as a field research method and uses primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used are observations and interviews. The present study found that the varied of dhikr words which are pointed in Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh Regency is istighfar, tauhid (لا اله الا الله), tasbih, tahlil, shalawat (remembering The Prophet), yassin, reciting Al-Qur’an verses and having a close-by reciting do’a. The mechanisms of implementing dhikr used in both Islamic boarding schools, methodology and time, are similar; using dhikr dzahir and dhikr sirri, in addition, the time is daily; before and after praying. Moreover, one of the dhikr implications toward the students’ daily morals development is enhancing Islamic spirituality through remembering Allah SWT in order to form a balancing life between the world and the day after, also have good morals toward humans (habl min al-nās)  and Allah SWT (habl min Allāh).

scholarly journals Waqf fundraising through money in the industrial revolution 4.0 era: A case study on Baitulmaal Munzalan Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Bustami Bustami ◽  
Rio Laksamana ◽  
Zuliana Rofiqoh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Facebook Pages

Only a few institutions are professionals in managing waqf in West Kalimantan Province. Baitulmaal Munzalan Indonesia Foundation (BMI) is present as one solution for people who want to donate their fund’s waqf through money in the industrial revolution 4.0 era. Having only been established for three years, BIM has managed to raise funds cash waqf of Rp. 2.9 billion. This paper aims to explain the strategies and constraints faced by BMI in collecting endowment funds through money in the digital age. By using the type of field research and data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and Focus Grup Discussion (FGD), there are two research results in this paper. First, the strategies used by BMI in developing cash waqf in the digital age are companies through social media (Facebook pages and Instagram) and tablig. Kampanye through social media is the most dominant strategy used by BMI and has enormous potential. Secondly, the obstacle felt by BMI in managing and developing cash waqf is negative perceptions from the community (external obstacle). Based on the results of this study, the authors argue that marketing through social media not only has positive implications for for-profit institutions but also non-profit institutions such as BMI in collecting and managing cash waqf in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Rationale for the creation of the National natural park «Central Podillya»

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Mudrak ◽  
G. Mudrak ◽  
V. Serebryakov ◽  
A. Shcherbliuk ◽  
V. Klochaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Landscape Diversity ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Migration

Based on comprehensive environmental monitoring, geobotanical, zoogeographical, landscape-ecological, hydro-ecological, forest-typological, agroecological principles and approaches and own field research it is proposed to create a national nature park (NNP) «Central Podillya» within Vinnytsia region. A promising NNP is planned to be created on the territory of Vinnytsia and Khmilnytsky administrative districts of Vinnytsia region as a habitat and migration routes of bison (Bison bonasus) and preservation of unique biotic and landscape diversity. The projected area of NPP «Central Podillya» is 53 820 hectares. The need to create a park due to the presence of natural (forest, wetland, peat-swamp, floodplain, meadow, forest-steppe, meadow-steppe, steppe, weed-field) complexes with associations of plant groups, where more than 40 species of plants and lives more than 50 species of animals listed in the RBU, as well as the presence of a significant number of objects that have historical, cultural, recreational, health (medical) value. The general ecological and geographical characteristics of the park from the standpoint of physical-geographical and geobotanical zoning are given. There are 34 objects of the nature reserve fund (NRF), which will be a part of the perspective park. Functional zoning of the territory of the projected NNP «Central Podillya» was carried out taking into account representative and rare ecosystems, where its 4 zones (protected, regulated recreation, stationary recreation, economic) were allocated. The structural elements of the ecological network of the perspective park are singled out. The necessity of protection, preservation and reproduction of biotic and landscape diversity and historical and cultural heritage of the studied territory through the greening of economic activity, education and culture of the local population is substantiated. It was found that the creation of NPP «Central Podillya» through the Presidential Decree and the optimization of protected areas, which account for 2.27% of the total area of Vinnytsia region, the implementation of regional ecological and Emerald networks is an extremely important, important and absolutely necessary for effective adjustment of the strategy of balanced development of territorial communities. Creation of NPP «Central Podillya» will increase the percentage of protected areas to 4.5% of the total area of Vinnytsia region. According to this indicator Vinnytsia region is in one of the last places in Ukraine. According to the Institute of World Resources (Washington), for the effective functioning of the territory, the area of its reserves should be at least 10–12%. Preparation of scientific substantiation and project of creation of NPP «Central Podillya» within Vinnytsia region is a pilot project that requires official detailing, delimitation, land management, coordination with land users on which the park will be located, creation of park directorate, introduction of technologies aimed at preservation and restoration of biogeocenotic cover, reproduction of broken types of connections, preservation of settlements, optimization of land use, balanced development of territorial communities that will be a part of the NNP.

Os efeitos da aprendizagem da esgrima sobre o controle executivo da memória

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel MenezesPaes Rodrigues ◽  
Nilo Terra Arêas Neto
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Field Research ◽  
School Failure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dependent Samples ◽  
Learning And Performance

Treated as one of the biggest challenges in the Brazilian educational system, school failure, despite being multi-causal, is closely linked to learning difficulties associated with aspects of cognition, with special attention to the Executive Control of Memory, which in this study will be represented by the variables: Working Memory (MT), Concentrated Attention (AC) and Motor Reaction Time (TRM). Under neuropsychological aspects, the executive control of memory comprises closely linked phenomena and mechanisms and learning, such as: cognitive flexibility, decision making, attention mechanisms, inhibitory control, selection and integration of current information with information already memorized, in addition to planning and monitoring their own learning and performance. This form of cognitive ability is defined by renowned researchers in the “field” as being preponderant to human learning and performance. Dysfunctions in the executive control of memory are commonly a reflection of innate or non-innate psychopathological issues, may be associated with other comorbidities, and are determinants of school failure in a significant number of Brazilian students. Thus, the main objective of this research project is to verify the impact of the practice of the fighting modality Fencing on the executive control of the memory of students from the public school system, participants of this action research, included in psychopedagogical care for issues related to learning difficulties cognitive. The Field Research technique will be used in this study, with the process of testing the variables under study in moments before and after the intervention with fencing classes. The data obtained in the testing process will be treated in a descriptive statistical perspective. For the inference of the data obtained, the Student T Test for dependent samples will be used. To verify the distribution of data, the Shapiro-Wilk test will be used. As a result, research participants are expected to obtain statistically significant results in the studied variables.

scholarly journals Differences in Psychoneuroendocrine Stress Responses of High-Level Swimmers Depending on Autocratic and Democratic Coaching Style

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Jiménez ◽  
Manuel Fernández-Navas ◽  
José Ramón Alvero-Cruz ◽  
Jerónimo García-Romero ◽  
Virginia García-Coll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Motivational Climate ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cortisol Release ◽  
Coaching Style

The aim of the present study was to analyse differences in the psychoneuroendocrine stress responses of high-level, young swimmers depending on whether an autocratic and democratic coaching style was applied. Modifications in cortisol and the motivational climate of 18 young swimmers (15.3 ± 1.86 years, 10 females and 8 males) were analysed before and after two training sessions with equivalent training loads but directed by two coaches applying different approaches, i.e., autocratic (A) and democratic (D). The basal testosterone levels of the coaches were also assessed. The basal testosterone concentration was higher in coach A than in coach D; the athletes perceived them as autocratic and democratic, respectively. Swimmers under coach A’s instructions showed higher cortisol levels, suggesting higher cortisol production related to coaching style. Furthermore, differences in the motivational climate concerning ego (i.e., athletes comparing their ability with that of other athletes) were observed with coach A, whereas differences in motivational climate concerning the task (i.e., athletes comparing their ability with their own past performance) were observed with coach D. Cognitive variables showed negative perceptions affecting athletes’ training experience and performance when they were screamed at or insulted by coach A. There were no gender or age differences in cortisol production or motivational climate. In conclusion, this study suggests that an autocratic coaching style modulates cortisol release in both genders, affecting young elite swimmers’ motivational climate and training experience.

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