scholarly journals The Ways of Rendering Functional Sentence Perspective and Semantic Emphasis of a Stanza when Translating a Poetic Text (as Illustrated by Tatyana Lavrova’s Poem “A Girl Who Has Survived the War”)

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Н.А. Фатеева
Keyword(s):  
Different Types ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Functional Sentence Perspective

В статье рассматриваются особенности передачи функциональной перспективы русских предложений, строк и строф стихотворного текста при переводе на английский язык. Автор уделяет особое внимание передаче различных видов инверсии с учетом расстановки смысловых акцентов, а также переводу номинативных (безглагольных) предложений и предложений с эллипсисом подлежащего. Переводческое исследование проводится на материале собственного перевода на английский язык стихотворения Т. Лавровой «Девочка, прошедшая войну» и затрагивает как синтаксические, так и лексические аспекты перевода выбранного произведения. This article examines peculiarities of rendering functional sentence perspective within a line, a sentence, and a verse when translating Russian poetry into English. Special attention is given to the ways of representing different types of inversion that are inextricably linked to semantic emphasis, as well as to the translation of nominal (or nonverbal) sentences and one-member sentences where the subject is omitted. The author illustrates her ideas with her own translation of the poem “A Girl Who has Survived the War” by Tatyana Lavrova into English and speaks about both syntactic and semantic aspects of translation of the poem under analysis.

Point and planar defects in the iron sulfide compounds Fe1-xS

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
Thao A. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Selective Area ◽  
Vacancy Ordering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Beam Lattice

It is well known that the large deviations from stoichiometry in iron sulfide compounds, Fe1-xS (0≤x≤0.125), are accommodated by iron vacancies which order and form superstructures at low temperatures. Although the ordering of the iron vacancies has been well established, the modes of vacancy ordering, hence superstructures, as a function of composition and temperature are still the subject of much controversy. This investigation gives direct evidence from many-beam lattice images of Fe1-xS that the 4C superstructure transforms into the 3C superstructure (Fig. 1) rather than the MC phase as previously suggested. Also observed are an intrinsic stacking fault in the sulfur sublattice and two different types of vacancy-ordering antiphase boundaries. Evidence from selective area optical diffractograms suggests that these planar defects complicate the diffraction pattern greatly.

Geological Field Sketches and Illustrations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Genge
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject

Drawings, illustrations, and field sketches play an important role in Earth Science since they are used to record field observations, develop interpretations, and communicate results in reports and scientific publications. Drawing geology in the field furthermore facilitates observation and maximizes the value of fieldwork. Every geologist, whether a student, academic, professional, or amateur enthusiast, will benefit from the ability to draw geological features accurately. This book describes how and what to draw in geology. Essential drawing techniques, together with practical advice in creating high quality diagrams, are described the opening chapters. How to draw different types of geology, including faults, folds, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, and fossils, are the subjects of separate chapters, and include descriptions of what are the important features to draw and describe. Different types of sketch, such as drawings of three-dimensional outcrops, landscapes, thin-sections, and hand-specimens of rocks, crystals, and minerals, are discussed. The methods used to create technical diagrams such as geological maps and cross-sections are also covered. Finally, modern techniques in the acquisition and recording of field data, including photogrammetry and aerial surveys, and digital methods of illustration, are the subject of the final chapter of the book. Throughout, worked examples of field sketches and illustrations are provided as well as descriptions of the common mistakes to be avoided.

scholarly journals The Absurd Man in camusiana philosophy and poetry drummondiana: language as a source of (trans)formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Sara De Castro Cândido ◽  
Nàvia Regina Ribeiro da Costa ◽  
Ruzileide Epifânio Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Albert Camus ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Carlos Drummond De Andrade ◽  
The World ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
The Subject

This article seeks to an approach between the poetry of Carlos Drummond de Andrade, in Feeling of the world (1940), and the philosophy of Albert Camus, in The Myth of Sisyphus - the work of art as adventure of a spiritual destiny (2012), for, to think through by the language praticed by Drummond in two poems – Poem of necessity and Holding hands –, the be in the world and the passing of the man's condition of the being ontic to the be ontological, using also Durand (2012) and another theorists. Making use, as methodology, by the bibliographical research, and theory express of poetic text, concepts and analysis based on the phenomenological critique. Still in an interdisciplinary approach, to reflect the subject and its constitution as speech, will use theories of French line of discourse analysis (DA) and the line Anglo-Saxon (ADC), whose leading exponents are respectively, Michel Pêcheux and Norman Fairclough, relying on the concept of dialectical materialism. O Homem Absurdo na filosofia camusiana e na poesia drummondiana: a linguagem como fonte da (trans)formação Este artigo busca aproximações entre a poesia de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, em Sentimento do Mundo (1940), e a filosofia de Albert Camus, em O mito de Sísifo – a obra de arte como aventura de um destino espiritual (2012), para, por meio da linguagem praticada por Drummond em dois poemas – Poema da necessidade e Mãos dadas –, pensar o estar no mundo e a passagem do homem da condição de ser ôntico para ser ontológico, valendo-se, também, de Durand (2012) e de outros teóricos. Utiliza, como metodologia, a pesquisa bibliográfica e expressa teorias do texto poético, conceitos e análises com base na crítica fenomenológica. Ainda, numa atitude interdisciplinar, para refletir sobre o sujeito e sua constituição como discurso, baseia-se nas teorias da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa (AD) e de linha anglo-saxã (ADC), cujos principais expoentes são, respectivamente, Michel Pêcheux e Norman Fairclough, apoiando-se na concepção do materialismo dialético.

scholarly journals On Understanding the Administrative Law Subject

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Olga N. Ordina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Common Concept ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of

In the administrative and legal science there is a refinement, change and expansion of the subject of the dynamic branch of administrative law, aimed at eliminating the resulting lag of legal theory from the legal reality. In our view, of the three basic categories that characterize the subject of administrative law, “public administration”, “executive power” and “administrativepublic activity”, the main generalization category is the category “administrative and public activities”. The phenomenon of the subject of administrative law refracts the problems and discussions inherent in the industry as a whole. In view of the existence of different points of view on the subject of administrative law, the legal science has not yet formulated a single definition of it. There is a tendency to overcome the conflict between different types of understanding, to bring together the positions of different concepts of understanding of administrative law in order to form a “universal” concept of it, to develop its common concept.

scholarly journals MODERN POETIC DISCOURSE: THE LINGUISTIC NATURE OF HERMETICISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Galina V. Kuchumova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Language Play ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
Hermetic Poetry

The paper provides review of the monograph by Ekaterina Evgrashkina The Semiotic Nature of Semantic Uncertainty in Modern Poetic Discourse (based on German and Russian poetry), published in the Russian language as part of the series NEUERE LYRIK. Interkulturelle und interdisziplinäre Studien. Herausgegeben von Henrieke Stahl, Dmitrij Bak, Hermann Korte, Hiroko Masumoto und Stephanie Sandler. BAND 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. 173 s. ISBN 978- 3-631-78193-7. The monograph deals with the main trends of German and Russian poetry of the last decades. The focus is on the phenomenon of hermetic poetry. Modern authors consciously choose writing strategies such as literary improvisation, language play, and various intermedial inclusions. The first chapter ‘The problem of poetic meaning’ provides a theoretical framework for the field of research. It introduces the definitions of discourse, the concepts ‘language games’ (developed by L. Wittgenstein), ‘text / discourse’, ‘text / work’, dialogical dimensions of poetic text. The second chapter ‘Semiotics of modern poetry’ covers the concept ‘mobile semiosis’ (J. Baudrillard) and some others. In hermetic poetic discourse, generation of meaning is based on mobile semiosis, in which the relationship of stability between the signifier and the signified is called into question. In The Role of the Reader, Umberto Eco describes two models of the reader, different strategies for interpreting text. Susan Sontag denies the possibility of final interpretation of a text, she suggests eroticism of art instead of hermeneutics. The third chapter ‘Linguistic installations’ considers various manifestations of poetic Hermeticism in modern poetry, the experience of concrete and visual poetry in German: Timm Ulrichs (1940), Klaus Peter Dencker (1941), Barbara Köhler (1959), Werner Herbst (1943–2008), Anatol Knotek (1977), Herta Müller (1953). The final chapter ‘The self-reflexive discourse’ deals with the trend of modern poetry towards free verse and construction of new complex poetic forms. The process of occasional word formation is shown in the lyrical texts by German poets Thomas Kling (1957–2005), Lutz Seiler (1963), Konstantin Ames (1979), Lioba Happel (1957), Thomas Böhme (1955), and by Russian authors Polina Andrukovich (1969), Alexander Ulanov (1963), Dmitry Vorobyov (1979). In poetic discourse, the constitution of the poetic subject correlates with the introduction of new elements of culture into the poetic text. Such innovations do not lead to a mechanical increment of the elementary meaning, but to a structural transformation of the whole picture. The reviewed monograph is significant in that it provides theoretical understanding of individual poetic practices and the analysis of specific empirical material – the latest German and Russian poetry.

scholarly journals Characteristics of heat ceramics of Mordovian territory: on the example of the collection of Mordovian republican S. D. Erzia Fine Art Museum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Barmenkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Maximum Extension ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of pottery ceramics on Mordovian territory. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of ceramics in Mordovian region. The object of the article is a collection of ceramics of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum, the subject – the main features of the ceramics based on the morphological analysis of its exhibits. Materials and Methods. The material of the study was the results of the research of Russian scholars on ceramics of antiquity and modernity, as well as empirical materials presented by the ceramics funds of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum. One of the main approaches implemented in the article is a comparative analysis of the exhibits based on the color of the shard. It allows the author to systematize utensils according to their functional purpose, and also to make an assumption about the various historical stages of the emergence of different types. Results and Discussion. The article systematizes the variety of forms of ceramics, reveals their quantitative relationships, the prevailing forms, and gives the comparative analysis of the existing forms. The classification of vessels was carried out in accordance with a number of criteria: the height and thickness of the neck, the design of the corolla cut, the diameter of the mouth and the maximum extension of the trunk, which allows one to draw conclusions about the similarity of the collection’s exhibits with other Mordоvian artefacts. Conclusion. It concludes about the existence of a certain standard in the production of ceramic dishes, and on the similarity of the studied ceramics and the collections of Russian monuments. Therefore, it states the preservation of local Mordovian pottery traditions in the course of wide interactions with Russian pottery ceramics.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Mobile Money Services in Small Scale Enterprises:A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryakanthi Tangirala ◽  
Samuel Nlondiwa
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transactional Costs

Mobile money is an electronic wallet service that allows users to store, send and receive money using their mobile phone. This research is an effort to find out the adoption and utilization of mobile money services in small sized enterprises located in Gaborone, Botswana. Inevitably, other aspects such as different types of transactions carried out using mobile money services in small business, customer’s perception on quality of mobile money service providers, impeding factors of mobile money adoption are also studied for wider understanding of the subject. The findings of the study show that small enterprises use mobile money services to carryout transactions but the level of adoption is not significant. The study revealed that transactional costs and connectivity issues are major barriers of adoption of mobile money services. In conclusion the study recommended that the service providers must improve the connectivity issues and reduce transaction charges in order to increase the utilization of mobile money services

scholarly journals Drawing with Metaphors. Mediating ideational content in drawing through metaphors

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Ingebrethsen
Keyword(s):  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Educational Issue ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Different Types ◽  
George Lakoff ◽  
The Subject

It is not easy to express abstract concepts, such as time and society, in a drawing. The subject of this article is rooted in the educational issue of visually expressing themes represented by abstract concepts. However, it is possible to find means and devices to express such ideas. This article shows how metaphors can be used to express such ideas visually. Cognitive linguistic research argues that metaphors are crucial in the verbal communication of abstract concepts. This article also attempts to show that metaphors are important in visual communication. The cognitive linguistic metaphor theory of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson is used here to investigate how metaphors are used to construct meaning in the drawings of cartoonist and illustrator Finn Graff and artist Saul Steinberg. The article presents a few examples of how visual devices structure the abstract concept of time. It then proceeds to explain how symbols function as metonymies and provides an overview of the different types of metaphors and how they are used to express meaning in drawings. The article concludes by attempting to provide new insights regarding the use of visual metaphors.

scholarly journals O lúdico como contribuição para a aprendizagem

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Givoneide Barbosa de Sousa ◽  
José Ozildo dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject

<p>Este artigo aborda como o lúdico, por meio da formação do educador, interfere no processo de aprendizagem. Trata-se de um estudo teórico a respeito das estratégias voltadas para o conceito histórico de criança, concepção sobre o cuidar, fundamentos sobre as instituições escolares. Nele também aborda-se as atividades, nas quais são observados conteúdos que envolvessem as brincadeiras lúdicas e que possibilitam as crianças aprendem com mais facilidade brincando. Demonstrou-se que a ludicidade ajuda no aprimoramento da educação, pode ser crítica e criativa. De acordo com a demanda e realidade da sala de aula, cabe ao educador desenvolve possibilidades que permitam aos educandos possam experimentar situações que interfiram de forma positiva no ensino, tornando-o produtivo. A utilização de jogos e brincadeiras no meio educacional propicia as crianças o aprimoramento de diversos conhecimentos de forma lúdica. Aos educadores, estes além de estarem motivados também com o lúdico, é preciso um conhecimento mais elaborado acerca do tema, para poder intervir nas brincadeiras das crianças. Contudo, faz-se necessário auxiliar a criança, de maneira sutil, para que brinque com diversos tipos de brinquedos.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>The playful</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>as a contribution to</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>learning</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This article discusses how the playful, through teacher education, interferes with the learning process. This is a theoretical study on the strategies for the historical concept of child conception of care, fundamentals of the schools. It also covers up the activities in which contents are observed involving the playful banter and enable children learn more easily playing. It was demonstrated that playfulness helps in the improvement of education, can be critical and creative. According to the demand and reality of the classroom, it is the educator develops possibilities that allow students to experience situations that interfere positively in the school, making it productive. The use of games and activities in the educational environment providing children the improvement of diverse knowledge in a playful manner. Educators, these besides being also motivated by the playful, we need a more elaborate knowledge on the subject, to be able to intervene in the games of children. However, it is necessary to help the child, subtly, to play with different types of toys.</p>

scholarly journals Tortious liability for pure economic loss

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ευστάθιος Μπανάκας
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Pure Economic Loss ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
Comparative Examination ◽  
Individual Style

Financial harm may be caused in many different ways. It can be said that it appears in several different ’’types", each produced in distinct factual circumstances. Different "types" of financial harm may demand a different treatment by the law. The considerations that ought to determine the policy of the law vary together with the factual . circumstances, in which each particular type offinancial harm becomes manifested. Thence the need for a separate examination of the major, or "generic", types of such harm, a need that has already been - detected by Comparative lawyers writing on the subject.(20) The present study will concentrate on the problem ' of financial harm that is not the product of a harmful intention (21) . In the Common Law of Negligence this problem is known as the "pure economic loss" problem. The solutions given to it by English Law are compared to the solutions of the French Law of Torts, and to those of the law of Torts of the German Federal Republic (West Germany)(22). The compared Tort systems not only are leadingthe major legal traditions of our age, each employing its own individual "style" (23), but, also, operate in virtually similar social and economic environments. This should allow the comparison to expose more easily the true merits of any "stylistic" idiosyncrasies, thatthey might possess in this particular connection. The problem of pure economic, loss caused by erroneous advice or information is not examined in * detail in the present study. It has been already the subject of comprehensive Comparative examination (24).

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