scholarly journals Facile Fabrication of Polysaccharide Nanocomposites Using Ionic Gelation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Mostafa Yusefi ◽  
Kamyar Shameli ◽  
Pooneh Kia ◽  
Hemra Hamrayev
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Natural Cellulose ◽  
Facile Fabrication ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
Coating Agents ◽  
Multifunctional Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polysaccharide-based nanomaterials with significant biocompatibility and physiochemical features have been widely analyzed in modern biomedical nanotechnology. Chitosan-coating is an advantageous procedure to provide several pharmacological characteristics of chitosan on the reinforcement. Here, we fabricated polysaccharide nanocomposites using the facile ionic gelation method and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linker. The polysaccharide nanocomposites comprised natural cellulose and chitosan as reinforcement and coating agents, respectively. From the image of the scanning electron microscope, the nanocomposites indicated almost spherical dimensions with sizes below 60 nm. Results from X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed multifunctional properties of the nanocomposites related to both cellulose and chitosan. Therefore, the ionic gelation method is potentially appropriate to synthesize the polysaccharide nanocomposites for medically-related applications.

Facile Fabrication of Flower-Like LLM-105 Three-Dimensional Microstructures

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2942-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Chen ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Guang Cheng Yang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Qiao ◽  
Fu De Nie
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Facile Fabrication ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Poor Solvent

Flower-like LLM-105 three-dimensional microstructures, which consisted of LLM-105 microrods with rectangular cross-sections, were prepared via a smiple template- and surfactant-free recrystallization process using [Bmim]CF3SO3as good solvent and water as poor solvent. A tentative mechanism for the growth of the flower-like LLM-105 three-dimensional microstructures was proposed on the basis of the analysis of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Comparing with LLM-105 raw material, the thermal decomposition took place at lower temperature and the weight loss has increased for the flower-like three-dimensional microstructures in the differential scanning calorimetric/thermogravimetric (DSC/TG) measurements.

SYNERGISTIC INFLUENCE OF GRAPHITE ON BIOPOLYMER COMPOSITES PROPERTIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Munirah Abdullah ◽  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
M.F.L Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Interface Morphology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
Biopolymer Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

Biopolymer and its cross-linker (Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate, MDI) were blended by weight 2:1. This is mixed with different percentages of pretreated graphite. The mixture was prepared by slip casting as thin films, at thickness of ~0.1 mm. The interface-morphology-structure relations of graphite/ biopolymer composites was diagnosed by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer. The homogeneously dispersed and strong interface between the graphite with/ within the biopolymer matric influenced the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the thin films where the percolation threshold occurs at higher graphite loading (20 wt.%, 25 wt.% and 30 wt.%) gives conductivity of 103 - 104 S/m. Remarkably, graphite/ biopolymer composites makes it possible to prepare better mechanical behavior with stiff, strong yet tough properties compared with those of its neat counterpart.

Preparation of Thermoresponsive Chitosan Polymers and Its Application Controlling Release of Antifouling Agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 664-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ling Xu ◽  
Cun Guo Lin ◽  
Ji Yong Zheng ◽  
Jin Wei Zhang ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Gelation Process ◽  
Chitosan Microparticles ◽  
Antifouling Agent ◽  
Physicochemical Structure ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thermoresponsive chitosan copolymers embed with antifouling agent paeonol in chitosan(CS) microparticles were prepared and the release dynamics was studied at different temperature. Chitosan microparticles have been formed based on ionic gelation process of CS and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Paeonol was incorporated into the CS microparticles with the size about 0.1 μm. The physicochemical structure of samples was analyzed by FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We investigated the influence of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and paeonol on Encapsulation efficiency. Increasing TPP concentration from 1 to 3 mg/ml increased encapsulation efficiency of paeonol from 63% to 92%. Increasing peaonol concentration from 1.0 to 3.0 mg/ml increased peaonol encapsulation efficiency from 72% to 85%.

scholarly journals Preparation and Warmth Retention of down Fiber Grafted with Zirconium Oxychloride

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200
Author(s):  
Huihao Li ◽  
Lu Qi ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
New Product ◽  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Grafting Modification ◽  
Warmth Retention ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new product, referred to herein as modified down, was produced by grafting down fiber with zirconium oxychloride. Grafting modification brings new functionalities to down fiber. For example, the warmth retention of modified down is greatly improved. The reaction mechanism and reason for the improved warmth retention of the modified down was investigated. Using response surface methodology (RSM), we found that the optimal preparation conditions for modified down were 15.1% zirconium oxychloride, 15.06% sodium tripolyphosphate, and 1.39 h duration. The warmth retention of the modified down was 80.95%, the CLO value increased by 35.38%, the thermal resistance increased by 35.43%, the filling power substantially increased by 31.35%. The zirconium oxychloride was successfully modified and grafted onto the down fiber, as was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The ultimate residual quantities of the modified down fibers were 30.06%. The results show that the active groups of zirconium and down fibers firmly combined via chemical bonds, which made the warmth retention of modified down a lasting property.

Lotus Fiber Production and its Property

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Zhang ◽  
Yong Lan Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Cellulose ◽  
Scanning Electron

Lotus fiber is produced from lotus stalks with pool dipping，sodium hydroxide boil degum and hydrogen peroxide bleach methods. The spinning properties of specific gravity, linear density, relative strength, relative strength variation coefficient and break elongation were tested. The components and structure of the lotus fiber have been analyzed and indicated with chemical, infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffractometer (X-RD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the lotus fiber has similar components, properties and spinning performance with jute and belongs to natural cellulose fiber.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Properties of Chitosan Nanoparticles CrossLinked with Tripolyphosphate

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Mostafa Yusefi ◽  
Pooneh Kia ◽  
Siti Nur Amalina Mohamad Sukri ◽  
Roshafima Rasit Ali ◽  
Kamyar Shameli
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan ◽  
Cross Linker

Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) have been extensively examined for various biomedical applications due to their advantages include large surface area, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The purpose of this research was to synthesize ChNPs using a simple ionic gelation technique by the interaction of low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. ChNPs, TPP, and LMWC were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectra that indicated the formation of ChNPs, attributing to the rearrangement of the nanoparticles after adding the TPP cross-linker into the LMWC solution. XRD analysis exhibited that ChNPs were amorphous, due to the effect of TPP cross-linker. Dynamic light scattering showed the nano-dimension of ChNPs with a hydrodynamic size of 68.50 nm. Thus, the obtained results indicated that the properties of chitosan were improved through converting it into nanoparticles using TPP initiated ionic gelation procedure.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

Quantification of Silica Uptake by Alveolar Macrophages - An Emperical Scanning Electron Microprobe Method

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
V. V. Damiano ◽  
R. P. Daniele ◽  
H. T. Tucker ◽  
J. H. Dauber
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

An important example of intracellular particles is encountered in silicosis where alveolar macrophages ingest inspired silica particles. The quantitation of the silica uptake by these cells may be a potentially useful method for monitoring silica exposure. Accurate quantitative analysis of ingested silica by phagocytic cells is difficult because the particles are frequently small, irregularly shaped and cannot be visualized within the cells. Semiquantitative methods which make use of particles of known size, shape and composition as calibration standards may be the most direct and simplest approach to undertake. The present paper describes an empirical method in which glass microspheres were used as a model to show how the ratio of the silicon Kα peak X-ray intensity from the microspheres to that of a bulk sample of the same composition correlated to the mass of the microsphere contained within the cell. Irregular shaped silica particles were also analyzed and a calibration curve was generated from these data.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

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