scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of The Influence of Education And Income on Indonesia's Democracy Index In 2015 And 2019

ijd-demos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzan Zahid Abiduloh ◽  
Chotib Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Central Bureau ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Index Value

Abstract:This research discusses the spatial effects of education and income influences on the 2015 and 2019 Democracy Index of Indonesia. The income variable used is Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita, and the education variable used is the average year of schooling. All of the data are collected from the website of the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, namely www.bps.go.id. Using spatial econometrics, researchers found that the distribution of the democratic index value in each province forms a group spatial systemic pattern. Provinces with high democracy index scores tend to be surrounded by provinces that have high democracy index scores, while provinces with low democracy index scores tend to be surrounded by provinces that have low democracy index scores. Researchers also found a spatial dependence on the influence of education and income on the index of democracy in neighboring provinces. Thus, it can be concluded that the quality of democracy in a province is not only caused by the level of education and income in the province, but also by its neighboring provinces.Keywords: indonesia’s democracy index, education, income, spatial econometrics. Abstrak:Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh spasial variabel pendidikan dan pendapatan terhadap Indeks Demokrasi Indonesia 2015 dan 2019. Variabel pendapatan yang digunakan adalah Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) perkapita, dan variabel pendidikan yang digunakan adalah rata-rata lama sekolah. Semua data dikumpulkan dari website Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia, yaitu www.bps.go.id. Dengan menggunakan ekonometrik spasial, peneliti menemukan bahwa sebaran nilai indeks demokrasi di setiap provinsi membentuk pola sistemik spasial berkelompok. Provinsi dengan skor indeks demokrasi yang tinggi cenderung dikelilingi oleh provinsi yang memiliki skor indeks demokrasi yang tinggi pula, sedangkan provinsi dengan skor indeks demokrasi yang rendah cenderung dikelilingi oleh provinsi yang memiliki skor indeks demokrasi rendah. Peneliti juga menemukan adanya efek spasial dalam pengaruh pendidikan dan pendapatan terhadap indeks demokrasi di provinsi tetangga. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas demokrasi di suatu provinsi tidak hanya disebabkan oleh tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan di provinsi tersebut, tetapi juga oleh provinsi tetangganya.Kata kunci:  indeks demokrasi indonesia, pendidikan, pendapatan, ekonometrika spasial

Analyzing China’s Provincial Environmental Emissions and Its Influencing Factors: A Spatial Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Dequn Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Environmental Emissions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Province Level ◽  
Local Perspectives ◽  
Spatial Transmission

Abstract In-depth analyses of the spatial heterogeneity in environmental emissions, and the causes of differences are of great importance for contributing to provide reference for reduction policies. However, a spatial analysis of the existence and mechanism of China’s environmental emissions is still ignored. Using the province-level data of thirty provinces in China over 2005-2017, this paper constructs a spatial Durbin model (SDM) to empirically address the existence and spatial transmission mechanism of environmental emissions. The main results are as follows: first, China’s environmental emissions show significant characteristics of spatial dependence and clustering from global and local perspectives, indicating that the existence of spatial autocorrelation in environmental emissions across regions. Second, both per capita GDP and urbanization have positive impacts on environmental emissions, but the impacts of environmental regulation and FDI are insignificant. Third, urbanization not only directly influences environmental emissions, but also indirectly influences environmental emissions. Our analysis provides valuable information for developing policies to effectively alleviate pollution.

scholarly journals Spatial and spatiotemporal models of unemployment rate in Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Iwona Müller-Frączek ◽  
Michał Bernard Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Spatiotemporal Models

The article show interest in modelling of economic processes which are characterized by spatial dependence. An unemployment rate indicating a level of socio-economic development of regions constitutes one of such processes. The correct quantitative description of this process, as one of more important negative socio-economic phenomena, is an important task of econometrics, in particular, of spatial econometrics. The purpose of the article is to provide a spatial analysis of the unemployment rate registered at the end of each year in Polish poviats. The research covers the period of 2004-2009. Two approaches to modelling are used - spatial and spatiotemporal. The neighbourhood matrix based on the common border of poviats is applied to reflect the strength and direction of spatial relations. There are used two exogenous variables: investments and entities of the economy recorded, both per capita. In the spatial as well as in the spatiotemporal approach the main tendencies of the change of the unemployment rate are described with a spatial linear trend. All of the received models have good economic and statistic properties and they could be used for further analysis.

Analisis Kepuasan Pelayanan dan Literasi TIK Pengunjung Dinas-Dinas di Kota Bogor

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryska Putri Madyasari ◽  
Anang Kurnia ◽  
Rahma Anisa ◽  
Yani Nurhadryani
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Improve Service Quality

Determining Public Satisfaction Index using analysis of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) can be utilized to improve service quality of Governmental Departments in X City. Analysis of IPA and CSI were used to measure the level of respondents’ satisfaction regarding the provided services. The departments were selected using purposive sampling method. Four selected departments were Population and Civil Registry Department, Transportation Department, Housing and Settlement Department, and Social Department. The result showed that customers were moderately satisfied with the services, with the following CSI index value: 70.09%, 72.95%, and 76.61% respectively for each departments. Moreover, Social Department’s customers were very satisfied with the CSI index 81.56%. In this study, aspect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy indicator were more exposing the ability to operate personal computer. There were six indicator of ICT literacy, i.e access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create, and communication. The value of evaluate indicator were quite high, it has reached score higher than 50% for each departments were. However, based on overall score, it was shown that 60% respondents still have low ICT literacy. This study also showed that ICT literacy were related to responden’s education and age. It increased along with the higher level of education that has been completed by respondents, and with the age of 17-39 years old.

scholarly journals Analyzing China’s provincial pollution and its influencing factors: A spatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Dequn Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Province Level ◽  
Local Perspectives ◽  
Spatial Transmission

Abstract In-depth analyses of the spatial heterogeneity in pollution, and the causes of differences are of great importance for contributing to provide reference for reduction policies. However, a spatial analysis of the existence and mechanism of China’s pollution is still ignored. Using the province-level data of thirty provinces in China over 2005–2017, this paper constructs a spatial Durbin model (SDM) to empirically address the existence and spatial transmission mechanism of pollution. The main results are as follows: first, China’s pollution shows significant characteristics of spatial dependence and clustering from global and local perspectives, indicating that the existence of spatial autocorrelation in pollution across regions. Second, both per capita GDP and urbanization have positive impacts on pollution, but the impacts of environmental regulation and FDI are insignificant. Third, urbanization not only directly influences pollution, but also indirectly influences pollution. Our analysis provides valuable information for developing policies to effectively alleviate pollution.

Education, democratic governance, and satisfaction with democracy: Multilevel evidence from Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 019251212095287
Author(s):  
Alejandro Monsiváis-Carrillo ◽  
Gabriela Cantú Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Latin American Countries

It is usually recognized that satisfaction with democracy is enhanced by clean governments and fair democratic procedures. However, under certain circumstances, some citizens might appreciate the quality of democratic governance more than others. Building on research that underlines the accuracy and norm-inducing functions of education, we argue that the quality of democratic governance conditions the relationship between education and satisfaction with democracy. Analyzing data from 18 Latin American countries, we find that higher-educated citizens are less satisfied with the regime than the less-educated. Among the highly educated, nonetheless, the least satisfied are those who were asked by public officials to pay bribes. Highly educated individuals are more satisfied with the regime if their country’s quality of democracy is robust rather than weak. At the lowest level of education, the conditional influence of being asked for a bribe or the quality of democracy is absent.

scholarly journals W

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Neumayer ◽  
Thomas Plümper
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Substantive Theory ◽  
Spatial Stimulus ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
The Matrix

In spatial econometrics, W refers to the matrix that weights the value of the spatially lagged variable of other units. As unimportant as it may appear, W specifies, or at least ought to specify, why and how other units of analysis affect the unit under observation. This article shows that theory must inform five crucial specification choices taken by researchers. Specifically, the connectivity variable employed in W must capture the causal mechanism of spatial dependence. The specification of W further determines the relative relevance of source units from which spatial dependence emanates, and whether receiving units are assumed to be identically or differentially exposed to spatial stimulus. Multiple dimensions of spatial dependence can be modeled as independent, substitutive or conditional links. Finally, spatial effects need not go exclusively in one direction, but can be bi-directional; recipients can simultaneously experience positive spatial dependence from some sources and negative dependence from others. The importance of W stands in stark contrast to applied researchers’ typical use of crude proxy variables (such as geographical proximity) to measure true connectivity, and the practice of adopting standard modeling conventions rather than substantive theory to specify W. This study demonstrates which assumptions these conventions impose on specification choices, and argues that theories of spatial dependence will often conflict with them.

scholarly journals Study of cocaine seizures through spatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e48610313571
Author(s):  
Mayrla Emília Dantas Vasconcelos ◽  
Sayonara Maria Lia Fook ◽  
Ricardo Alves de Olinda ◽  
Nícia Stellita da Cruz Soares ◽  
Ivana Maria Fechine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cocaine Hydrochloride ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global And Local

Cocaine trafficking and consumption continues to prosper despite the public policies that are in force in Brazil, despite its use for thousands of years, it is currently a public health problem. This study aimed to report the sociodemographic variables of individuals apprehended with cocaine and who were framed in Law n°. 11,343 of August 2006, in the municipality of Campina Grande, in 2017. It was a hybrid study, with a transversal, retrospective cut and ecological, with a quantitative approach. The neighborhood area variable was distributed in thematic maps and the spatial autocorrelation was measured by the Moran Global and Local indexes, which quantify the degree of autocorrelation. 210 cocaine seizures were recorded, of which 146 occurred in the municipality of Campina Grande, of these, only 94 presented all the data and were considered in this study. The months of September (n = 14) and October (n = 13) had the highest records of seizures. As for the pattern of use, crack in the yellowish stone form was predominant (n = 46), followed by cocaine hydrochloride in the form of white powder (n = 40). The profile of the individual apprehended with cocaine in the municipality was that of a young, single, unemployed and with low level of education. The predominant framework was drug trafficking (n = 75) according to Article nº. 33 of Law nº. 11,343 / 2006. The neighborhoods that registered the highest number of seizures were José Pinheiro (n = 15) and Pedregal (n = 8). The Moran General and Local indexis (p> 0.05), did not show spatial dependence between neighboring neighborhoods, that is, there is no autocorrelation for the analyzed variable.

Manajemen Ekonomi Outopilot: Kegagalan Negara Mencari Identitas?

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mukhaer Pakkanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Production And Distribution

Political democracy should be equivalent to the economic development of the quality of democracy, economic democracy if not upright, even the owner of the ruling power and money, which is parallel to force global corporatocracy. Consequently, the economic oligarchy preservation reinforces control of production and distribution from upstream to downstream and power monopoly of the market. The implication, increasingly sharp economic disparities, exclusive owner of the money and power become fertile, and the end could jeopardize the harmony of the national economy. The loss of national economic identity that makes people feel lost the “pilot of the state”. What happens then is the autopilot state. Viewing unclear direction of the economy, the national economy should clarify the true figure.

Can trust become a factor of economic growth? Dynamic changes in the level of trust of Russian youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
A. A. Stavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The article considers the role of trust in the economy, the mechanisms of its accumulation and the possibility of using it as one of the growth factors in the future. The advantages and disadvantages of measuring the level of generalized trust using two alternative questions — about trusting people in general and trusting strangers — are analyzed. The results of the analysis of dynamics of the level of generalized trust among Russian youth, obtained within the study of the Institute for National Projects in 10 regions of Russia, are presented. It is shown that there are no significant changes in trust in people in general during the study at university. At the same time, the level of trust in strangers falls, which can negatively affect the level of trust in the country as a whole, and as a result have negative effects on the development of the economy in the future. Possible causes of the observed trends and the role of universities are discussed. Also the question about the connection between the level of education and generalized trust in countries with different quality of the institutional environment is raised.

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