scholarly journals Proline content of three closely related Salsola L. taxa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İnci Bahar ÇINAR ◽  
Gülizar AYDOĞDU ◽  
Esra KOÇ ◽  
Gül Nilhan TUĞ
Keyword(s):  
Proline Content

Evaluation of Azadirachtin on Arthrospira plantensis Gomont growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Hatice Tunca ◽  
Ali Doğru ◽  
Feray Köçkar ◽  
Burçin Önem ◽  
Tuğba Ongun Sevindik
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Mda Content

Azadirachtin (Aza) used as insecticide due to inhibiting growth of insects and preventing them from feeding on plants. To understand the effects of contamination of this insecticide on phototrophs, and to determine the responses of these organisms against these insecticides are extremely important in understanding how the ecosystem is affected. In this study, chlorophyll-a amount, OD 560 and antioxidant parameters (total SOD, APX, GR, Proline, MDA and H2O2) were determined in order to understand the effect of Aza on Arthrospira platensis Gomont. Aza was applied between 0–20 μg mL−1 concentrations for 7 days in the study. Enzyme analysis was conducted at the end of the 7th day. There was a statistically significant decrease in the absorbance of OD560 and the chlorophyll-a content in A. platensis cultures exposed to the Aza (0–20 μg mL−1) during 7 days due to the increase in pesticide levels. SOD activity decreased at 8, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations; GR enzyme activity showed a significant decrease compared to the control at a concentration of 20 μg mL−1. APX activity did not change significantly compared to control. The MDA content increased significantly at 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations. The H2O2 content significantly increased at 12, 16 and 20 μg mL−1 concentrations (p < 0.05) while the free proline content decreased at 4 μg mL−1 concentration (p < 0.05). As a result, regarding the Aza concentrations used in this study may be a step to prevent pesticide pollution in the environment.

Root growth and proline content in drought sensitive and tolerant maize (Zea maysL.) seedlings under different water potentials

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Sánchez-Urdaneta ◽  
Cecilia Peña-Valdivia ◽  
Carlos Trejo ◽  
J. Aguirre R. ◽  
Elizabeth Cárdenas S.
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Water Potentials

Multivariate analysis for yield and proline content in wheat under lab and field conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Faisal Qaseem ◽  
Rahmatullah Qureshi ◽  
Humaira Shaheen ◽  
Abdul Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Field Conditions

scholarly journals In vitro Osmotic Stress Memory in Chrisanthemum hybridum: Structural and Physiological Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiia Samarina ◽  
Valentina Malyarovskaya ◽  
Yulija Abilfazova ◽  
Natalia Platonova ◽  
Kristina Klemeshova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Relative Water

Structural and physiological responses of chrysanthemum to repeated osmotic stress were studied. Plants were cultured for 2 weeks (for each stress1 and stress 2) on half MS supplemented with mannitol 100 mM (Treatment I) and 200 mM (Treatment II). First stress inhibited growth parameters stronger than second stress in treatment I. In treatment II both stress events strongly inhibited growth parameters of micro‐shoots. Proline content exceeded control 6 ‐ 8 times after 1st stress, and 2 ‐ 5 times after the 2nd stress in treatments I and II, respectively. Soluble protein was accumulated in leaves during both stress exposures, and 2 ‐ 2.5 times exceeded control after the 2nd stress. Relative water content in both treatments increased after the 2nd stress exposure. In treatment II chlorophyll а and carotenoids contents were 8.78 and 4.62 mg/g comparing to control (4.21 and 2.25 mg/g, respectively) after the 1st stress. But after the 2nd stress there was no difference with control.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 27(2): 161-169, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Assessment of Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Responses of Tomato Landraces to Salinity Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Reem H. Alzahib ◽  
Hussein M. Migdadi ◽  
Abdullah A. Al Ghamdi ◽  
Mona S. Alwahibi ◽  
Abdullah A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Salinity Levels

Understanding salt tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. The study assessed the morpho-physiological variability of Hail tomato landraces in response to different salinity levels at seedling stages and recommended a tomato salt-tolerant landrace for future breeding programs. Three tomato landraces, Hail 548, Hail 747, and Hail 1072 were tested under three salinity levels: 75, 150, and 300 mM NaCl. Salinity stress reduced shoots’ fresh and dry weight by 71% and 72%, and roots were 86.5% and 78.6%, respectively. There was 22% reduced chlorophyll content, carotene content by 18.6%, and anthocyanin by 41.1%. Proline content increased for stressed treatments. The 300 mM NaCl treatment recorded the most proline content increases (67.37 mg/g fresh weight), with a percent increase in proline reaching 61.67% in Hail 747. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 65% in Hail 548, while it relatively increased in Hail 747 and Hail 1072 treated with 300 mM NaCl. Catalase (CAT) activity was enhanced by salt stress in Hail 548 and recorded 7.6%, increasing at 75 and 5.1% at 300 mM NaCl. It revealed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) at the 300 mM NaCl concentration in both Hail 548 and Hail 1072 landraces. Increasing salt concentrations showed a reduction in transpiration rate of 70.55%, 7.13% in stomatal conductance, and 72.34% in photosynthetic rate. K+/Na+ ratios decreased from 56% for 75 mM NaCl to 85% for 300 mM NaCl treatments in all genotypes. The response to salt stress in landraces involved some modifications in morphology, physiology, and metabolism. The landrace Hail 548 may have better protection against salt stress and observed protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing enzymatic “antioxidants” activity under salt stress.

scholarly journals Effects of cadmium stress on growth and physiological characteristics of sassafras seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Zhao ◽  
Juelan Guan ◽  
Qing Liang ◽  
Xueyuan Zhang ◽  
Hongling Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange

AbstractThe effects of cadmium stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Sassafras tzumu Hemsl. were studied in pot experiments. Five Cd levels were tested [CT(Control Treatment) : 0 mg/kg, Cd5: 5 mg/kg, Cd20: 20 mg/kg, Cd50: 50 mg/kg, and Cd100: 100 mg/kg]. The growth and physiological characteristics of the sassafras seedlings in each level were measured. The results showed that soil Cd had negative influences on sassafras growth and reduced the net growth of plant height and the biomass of leaf, branch and root. Significant reductions were recorded in root biomass by 18.18%(Cd5), 27.35%(Cd20), 27.57%(Cd50) and 28.95%(Cd100). The contents of hydrogen peroxide decreased first then increased while malondialdehyde showed the opposite trend with increasing cadmium concentration. Decreases were found in hydrogen peroxide contents by 10.96%(Cd5), 11.82%(Cd20) and 7.02%(Cd50); increases were found in malondialdehyde contents by 15.47%(Cd5), 16.07%(Cd20) and 7.85%(Cd50), indicating that cadmium stress had a certain effect on the peroxidation of the inner cell membranes in the seedlings that resulted in damage to the cell membrane structure. Superoxide dismutase activity decreased among treatments by 17.05%(Cd5), 10,68%(Cd20), 20.85%(Cd50) and 8.91%(Cd100), while peroxidase activity increased steadily with increasing cadmium concentration; these results suggest that peroxidase is likely the main protective enzyme involved in the reactive oxygen removal system in sassafras seedlings. Upward trends were observed in proline content by 90.76%(Cd5), 74.36%(Cd20), 99.73%(Cd50) and 126.01%(Cd100). The increase in proline content with increasing cadmium concentration indicated that cadmium stress induced proline synthesis to resist osmotic stress in the seedlings. Compared to that in CT, the soluble sugar content declined under the different treatments by 32.84%(Cd5), 5.85%(Cd20), 25.55%(Cd50) and 38.69%(Cd100). Increases were observed in the soluble protein content by 2.34%(Cd5), 21.36%(Cd20), 53.15%(Cd50) and 24.22%(Cd100). At different levels of cadmium stress, the chlorophyll content in the seedlings first increased and then decreased, and it was higher in the Cd5 and Cd20 treatments than that in the CT treatment. These results reflected that cadmium had photosynthesis-promoting effects at low concentrations and photosynthesis-suppressing effects at high concentrations. The photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and photosynthetic light-response parameters showed downward trends with increasing cadmium concentration compared with those in CT; these results reflected the negative effects of cadmium stress on photosynthesis in sassafras seedlings.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant hot pepper exhibits constant photosynthesis via increased transpiration rate, high proline content and fast recovery in heat stress condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

Penconazole and calcium ameliorate drought stress in canola by upregulating the antioxidative enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezayian ◽  
Vahid Niknam ◽  
Hassan Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Effects Of Drought

The aim of this research was to gauge the alternations in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activity in two cultivars (cv. RGS003 and cv. Sarigol) of canola under drought stress and drought tolerance amelioration by penconazole (PEN) and calcium (Ca). Plants were treated with different polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15%) without or with PEN (15 mg L–1) and Ca (15 mM). The Ca treatment prevented the negative effects of drought on fresh weight (FW) in RGS003 and Sarigol at 5 and 15% PEG respectively. Ca and PEN/Ca treatments caused significant induction in the proline content in Sarigol at 15% PEG; the latter treatment was accompanied by higher glycine betaine (GB), lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and growth recovery. Hydrogen peroxide (HO2) content in Sarigol was proportional to the severity of drought stress and all PEN, Ca and PEN/Ca treatments significantly reduced the H2O2 content. PEN and PEN/Ca caused alleviation of the drought-induced oxidative stress in RGS003. RGS003 cultivar exhibited significantly higher antioxidative enzymes activity at most levels of drought, which could lead to its drought tolerance and lower MDA content. In contrast to that of Sarigol, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with Ca and PEN/Ca treatments in RGS003 under low stress. The application of PEN and Ca induced significantly P5CS and SOD expression in RGS003 under drought stress after 24 h. Overall, these data demonstrated that PEN and Ca have the ability to enhance the tolerance against the drought stress in canola plants.

scholarly journals Salinity Stress Affects Photosynthesis, Malondialdehyde Formation, and Proline Content in Portulaca oleracea L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Helena Hnilickova ◽  
Kamil Kraus ◽  
Pavla Vachova ◽  
Frantisek Hnilicka
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malondialdehyde Formation ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mda Content

In this investigation, the effect of salt stress on Portulaca oleracea L. was monitored at salinity levels of 100 and 300 mM NaCl. At a concentration of 100 mM NaCl there was a decrease in stomatal conductance (gs) simultaneously with an increase in CO2 assimilation (A) at the beginning of salt exposure (day 3). However, the leaf water potential (ψw), the substomatal concentration of CO2 (Ci), the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and the proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content remained unchanged. Exposure to 300 mM NaCl caused a decrease in gs from day 3 and a decrease in water potential, CO2 assimilation, and Fv/Fm from day 9. There was a large increase in proline content and a significantly higher MDA concentration on days 6 and 9 of salt stress compared to the control group. After 22 days of exposure to 300 mM NaCl, there was a transition from the C4 cycle to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), manifested by a rapid increase in substomatal CO2 concentration and negative CO2 assimilation values. These results document the tolerance of P. oleracea to a lower level of salt stress and the possibility of its use in saline localities.

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