scholarly journals DOES MULTINATIONAL OWNERSHIP AFFECT FIRM SURVIVAL IN ITALY?

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Ferragina ◽  
Rosanna Pittiglio ◽  
Filippo Reganati
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Firm Survival ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether and how multinational status and foreign ownership affect the survival of Italian manufacturing and service firms. To this end, we analyze firm survival by distinguishing Italian firms as foreign multinationals (FMNEs) domestic multinationals (DMNEs) or domestic non-multinational firms (NMNEs). The empirical analysis is based on the Kaplan-Meier survival estimator and on the Cox proportional hazard model, in which we look for the impact of ownership dummies on firm survival, controlling for several firm and industry specific covariates. Our findings reveal that manufacturing and service firms owned by foreign multinationals are more likely to exit the market than either DMNEs or NMNEs. Moreover, DMNEs show a higher chance of survival in services. By decomposing firm activities into different technological classes, we also find that foreign ownership still exerts a negative influence on firm survival in both static and dynamic industries, while domestic multinationals in less-knowledge-intensive services appear more persistent.

A RESOURCE-BASED VIEW OF NEW FIRM SURVIVAL: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE ROLE OF INDUSTRY AND EXIT ROUTE

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350002 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN COLEMAN ◽  
CARMEN COTEI ◽  
JOSEPH FARHAT
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Firm Survival ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
New Firms ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Exit Route ◽  
New Firm ◽  
The Impact

This article explores factors affecting the survival and exit routes of new firms created in 2004 using data from the Kauffman Firm Survey. We draw upon the Resource-Based View to test several hypotheses regarding the impact of both tangible and intangible resources on new firm survival in both service and non-service firms. We also distinguish between two types of exit: closures (permanently stopped operations) and mergers or acquisitions. Our results reveal that, although service and non-service firms may differ in terms of industry structure, the fundamental resources that contribute to their survival are the same: education, work and life experience and adequate levels of startup financial capital. In spite of these similarities, our results did reveal industry differences in terms of exit. We found serial entrepreneurs in the service sector were more likely to exit through merger or acquisition. Conversely, intellectual property decreased the likelihood of exit through merger or acquisition for non-service firms. Thus, our findings revealed a link between human capital, industry and exit route for this sample of new firms.

The effect of socioeconomic factors on the outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 465-465
Author(s):  
Cortlandt Sellers ◽  
Johannes M Ludwig ◽  
Johannes Uhlig ◽  
Stacey Stein ◽  
Jill Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Locoregional Therapy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Impact

465 Background: To investigate the impact of socioeconomic factors on overall survival (OS) for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) at an inner-city tertiary care hospital. Methods: Consecutive patients treated for ICC diagnosed between 2005 and 2016 in the cancer registry were studied. Patients were stratified by demographic, socioeconomic variables, and treatment course. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard modeling were performed. Results: Patients were 52% male (95 pts) and 74% white (136 pts) with mean age of 65.7 yrs (SD 10.7 yrs). 82% of patients were married or had been previously married (148 pts). 11% of patients had Medicaid as their primary insurance (20 pts), 45% of patients had Medicare (78 pts) and 44% of patients had private insurance (77 pts). Patients with private insurance (66 pts, 87%) and Medicare (64 pts, 83%) were more likely to have been married than Medicaid (12 pts, 60%) (p = 0.036). Patients with Medicare (mean 72.0 yrs, SD 6.9 yrs) were older than private insurance patients (mean 60.3 yrs, SD 10.3 yrs) and Medicaid patients (mean 61.8 yrs, SD 12.4 yrs) (p < 0.001). Gender and ethnicity were similarly distributed by primary insurance. Median OS stratified by primary insurance demonstrated median OS in private insurance of 13.2 mo (95% CI: 8.2–18.7 mo) vs 7.3 mo (95% CI: 3.8–10.6 mo) for Medicare (HR 1.3, p = 0.11) vs 4.7 mo (95% CI: 1.7–11.3 mo) for Medicaid (HR 1.8, p = 0.0488), (p = 0.0465). Cancer-directed treatments were utilized by 81% in private insurance vs. 67% in Medicare vs 67% in Medicaid (p = 0.18). Median OS stratified by main treatment demonstrated 43.3 mo in resection (37 pts, 21%), 17.3 mo in locoregional therapy (LRT) (22 pts, 13%), 10.0 mo in chemotherapy or radiation (79 pts, 45%), and 1.4 mo in palliative or no treatment (37 pts, 21%) (p < 0.0001). Increased age was associated with decreased median OS (correlation -0.23, p = 0.0019). No differences in median OS were seen with ethnicity, gender, or marital status. Conclusions: Screening and early treatments appear to affect the OS of patients with ICC. Further investigations for preventive care for vulnerable populations to enhance survivals are warranted.

scholarly journals Knowledge Asymmetries and Service Management: Three Case Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850024 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Walsh ◽  
Jamie O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Client Participation ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Service Interactions

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how information systems are used by knowledge-intensive service firms and identify their effects on client–provider interactions. The paper uses data from case studies of service-related departments of three multinational firms. We identified several broad trends present in all three case companies. The required degree of knowledge specialisation, coupled with the ability to leverage knowledge created during service interactions resulted in high degrees of knowledge asymmetries between service provider and clients, which led to clients becoming the recipients of knowledge rather than co-creators. Differences between the cases related to the varying degrees to which information systems had been used to support service interactions. We therefore provide a model that outlines three key phases of activity. Individualisation involves the categorisation and location of tacit knowledge. This was followed by the codification and leveraging of service interactions through standardisation. Finally, the ability to provide alternative, more customised services, was achieved through modularisation. Increasing levels of specialisation of labour resulted in increasing knowledge asymmetries between service provider and client, reducing the need for client participation and co-production. Firms progress through three stages of development using information systems to support leveraging knowledge required for service delivery. The findings are based on case studies of departments within three multinational firms and would benefit from further empirical testing. The paper contributes to the existing literature in several ways. It focusses specifically on knowledge-intensive service firms, where labour is highly specialised. It gives information systems an explicit and significant role in examining how service elements may be leveraged. Finally, it outlines an exploratory model for managing this process.

scholarly journals Father’s social and economic position has strongest impact on age at menarche in girls from Central India

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-371
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kosińska ◽  
Grażyna Liczbińska ◽  
Rajesh K. Gautam ◽  
Pragya Dubey ◽  
Ajay Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract We assessed the impact of socio-economic factors on age at menarche among the adolescent female population from the state of Madhya Pradesh, Central India. Records such as date of birth, chronological age, caste affiliation, size of place of residence, parents’ level of education and occupation, number of siblings, body height and weight, and age at menarche were collected for 330 students of A Central University, Sagar. The impact of socio-economic factors on age at menarche was analysed using analysis of variance. To establish the probability of menarche occurrence at a given age, time-to-event analysis was carried out using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test for curve comparison. The association between probability of attaining menarche and the independent variables was investigated using Cox proportional-hazard model. ANOVA and the Kaplan-Meier curves showed statistically significant differences in age at menarche according to size of the place of residence, number of siblings, parental level of education, father’s occupation and females’ BMI. The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that father’s occupation was the strongest factor affecting age at menarche among all SES characteristics under study. Irrespective of rapid economic progress over the past few decades, Indian society is still patriarchal with societal male dominance. This translates into participation of fewer women in the paid workforce and labour market, their lower wage rates and smaller contribution to the household budget compared to their male counterparts.

Does online collaboration with customers drive innovation performance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Ryzhkova
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Online Methods ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between the actual usage of online methods for collaboration with customers and firms’ innovation performance. Drawing on theories of knowledge flows and knowledge creation, this study analyses the results of customer collaboration in the online mode in comparison to the offline mode. Design/methodology/approach – The data for the econometric analysis comes from managers of 102 so-called “gazelles”, knowledge-intensive service firms that were characterized by exceptionally stable growth rates in Sweden during 2010 and 2011. Findings – This study confirms the significance of information and communication technology (ICT)-supported collaboration with customers for a firm’s innovation performance. Interacting with customers using online methods has a positive effect on companies’ innovation output. Besides, knowledge-intensive service companies demonstrate more extensive though less intensive use of online channels for collaborating with customers compared to offline methods. Research limitations/implications – The data for this study has typical limitations resulting from the collection method of web-surveying. Future research should refine the findings of this study using various measures of firms’ innovation performance. Practical implications – Firms should be more receptive towards online methods of collaboration with customers because using such strategy can increase their probability to introduce service innovations. The insights from this study are especially valuable for companies in knowledge-intensive service industries because the sample consist of companies that can be regarded as successful cases. Originality/value – This study is one of the first that addresses the issue of the impact of collaborative technologies on innovation performance. The sample of steady-growing gazelle companies adds value to the results.

scholarly journals PATH-13. SEX-LINKED TUMORAL MGMT STATUS AND OUTCOMES IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi145-vi145
Author(s):  
Addison Barnett ◽  
Anas Saeed Bamashmos ◽  
Assad Ali ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
David Bosler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Tertiary Care Institution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract INTRO/OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma (GBM) and MGMT have been reported to have sexual dimorphism. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the impact and association between sex and MGMT status on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed GBM. METHODS 582 patients with newly diagnosed GBM who underwent first surgical intervention at a single tertiary care institution between 2012 and 2018 were reviewed. Adults with documented methylated (≥ 12) and un-methylated (≤ 7) MGMT status were included. A Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between sex and MGMT status on PFS and OS. RESULTS 464 adult patients (median age 63.4, 36.6% female) had documented MGMT status. Overall rate of MGMT methylated patients was 42.5%, while females were more often methylated than males (52.1% vs 37.4%, p=0.004). MGMT methylated compared to un-methylated females (median: 12.8 vs 7.4 months; 1-yr: 53% vs 27%) had a greater PFS benefit than males (median: 9.6 vs 6.8 months; 1-yr: 44% vs 23%). OS was significantly improved in MGMT methylated compared to un-methylated patients among females (p=0.001) but not among males (p=0.22). Among MGMT methylated patients, females had significantly better OS compared to males (median: 18.7 vs 12.4 months; 2-yr OS: 36.8% vs 24.3%, p=0.03). Although statistically not significant, a similar pattern was observed on PFS (median: 12.8 vs 9.6 months; 1-yr PFS: 52.6% vs 44.4%). Compared to MGMT methylated females, MGMT methylated males had a PFS HR=1.22 (95% CI=0.80 – 1.85, p=0.36), and an OS HR=1.45 (95% CI=1.03 – 2.04, p=0.032). CONCLUSION MGMT methylation is more common in females and methylation had a larger impact on both PFS and OS in females compared to males. These analyses highlight the need to further investigate sex differences that can inform clinical management of GBM.

Survival outcomes in marginal zone lymphomas in the rituximab era: Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8045-8045
Author(s):  
Jorge J. Castillo ◽  
Adam J. Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disparate Treatment ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

8045 Background: Despite prognostic models developed for marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), the impact of different characteristics and treatments on survival in the population is largely unknown. We studied survival of MZL patients included in the SEER database. Methods: Records of MZL adult cases diagnosed between 1989-2008 were studied using descriptive methods and analysis of overall (OS) and lymphoma-specific (LSS) survival based on Kaplan-Meier function, stratified log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: 13,957 patients with MZL were identified and classified as splenic (SMZL; n=1,111, 8%), nodal (NMZL; n=4,101, 29%) or extranodal MALT-type MZL (MALT; n=8,745, 63%). The median age was 68 years, 74% of patients were white and 55% were women. Median follow-up was 40 months. MALT was more common in non-Caucasians (p<10-27). B-symptoms were more common in SMZL (p<10-5). Both LSS and OS were significantly better for MALT (p<10-60) with no difference between SMZL and NZML (p=0.30). 10-year LSS estimates were 67% for SMZL, 67% for NMZL, 84% for MALT. There was evidence for improved LSS since 2000 in MALT (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59-0.82, p=0.0003) and NMZL (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.54-0.77, p<10-5), but not for SMZL (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.56-1.28, p=0.43). Similar results were found for OS. There were differences in survival in MALT subtypes depending on primary site (p<10-12; Table). Conclusions: In the rituximab era, survival has improved for MALT and NMZL, but not for SMZL, possibly due to disparate treatment paradigms. The prognosis of MALT is different depending on primary site of involvement. [Table: see text]

Impact of primary tumor sidedness on survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 694-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Lee-Ying ◽  
Nicholas Bosma ◽  
Patricia A. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Mutational Status ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
The Impact

694 Background: The impact of primary tumour sidedness has recently been demonstrated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Differences in right (R) versus left (L) sided mCRC may be due to differences in consensus molecular subtyping. Clinically predictive mutations in ras, ( kras, nras and braf) may also help drive some of the differences in outcome. However, patients with mCRC who undergo surgical resection of CRLM often have a good prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of tumour sidedness on OS after resection of CRLM. Methods: Patients who underwent resection of CRLM in the province of Alberta, Canada were identified from 2004-2016. Tumour sidedness was determined by chart review, with R from the cecum to transverse and L from splenic flexure to sigmoid. Where available, ras mutational status was collected. OS was measured from the time of CRLM resection to death or last follow-up using the Kaplan-meier method. R and L were compared using the log-rank test and a Cox regression model. Results: 471 patients were identified who underwent resection of CRLM for mCRC, including 204 R and 267 L. Median age was 65, 63% male, with 54% synchronous metastatic disease, and 67% with a Charleson comorbidity index of 0. All ras wildtype was present in 22% of cases, any ras mutation was detected in 21% and 57% were unknown at the time of analysis. The median OS of R was 45 months, compared to 72 months for L, log-rank p = 0.01. After adjusting for potential confounders with a Cox-proportional hazard model, R compared to L remained significant, with a HR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.9, p = 0.02). ras mutational status was also significant for ras mutant, HR 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.3) and ras unknown HR 2.2 (95% CI 1.5-3.1) compared to ras wildtype p < 0.01. Conclusions: Primary tumour sidedness continues to have an impact on OS in mCRC, even when disease is managed surgically with resection of CRLM. Though limited by numbers, the impact remained significant even after controlling for potential confounders, including ras mutational status. Additional ras testing is underway. Further molecular classification may provide a biologic rationale for the observed differences.

scholarly journals Impact of Previous Nephrectomy on Clinical Outcome of Metastatic Renal Carcinoma Treated With Immune-Oncology: A Real-World Study on Behalf of Meet-URO Group (MeetUro-7b)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Stellato ◽  
Daniele Santini ◽  
Elena Verzoni ◽  
Ugo De Giorgi ◽  
Francesco Pantano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
Third Line ◽  
Immune Oncology ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundImmune-Oncology (IO) improves Overall Survival (OS) in metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC). The prognostic impact of previous Cytoreductive Nephrectomy (CN) and radical nephrectomy (RN), with curative intent, in patients treated with IO is not well defined. The aim of our paper is to evaluate the impact of previous nephrectomy on outcome of mRCC patients treated with IO.Methods287 eligible patients were retrospectively collected from 16 Italian referral centers adhering to the MeetUro association. Patients treated with IO as second and third line were included, whereas patients treated with IO as first line were excluded. Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were performed to compare Progression Free Survival (PFS) and OS between groups. In our analysis, both CN and RN were included. The association between nephrectomy and other variables was analyzed in univariate and multivariate setting using the Cox proportional hazard model.Results246/287 (85.7%) patients had nephrectomy before IO treatment. Median PFS in patients who underwent nephrectomy (246/287) was 4.8 months (95%CI 3.9–5.7) vs 3.7 months (95%CI 1.9–5.5) in patients who did not it (HR log rank 0.78; 95%CI 0.53 to 1.15; p = 0.186). Median OS in patients who had previous nephrectomy (246/287) was 20.9 months (95%CI 17.6–24.1) vs 13 months (95%CI 7.7–18.2) in patients who did not it (HR log rank 0.504; 95%CI 0.337 to 0.755; p = 0.001). In the multivariate model, nephrectomy showed a significant association with OS (HR log rank 0.638; 95%CI 0.416 to 0.980), whereas gland metastases were still associated with better outcome in terms of both OS (HR log rank 0.487; 95%CI 0.279 to 0.852) and PFS (HR log rank 0.646; 95%CI 0.435 to 0.958).ConclusionsIO treatment, in patients who had previously undergone nephrectomy, was associated with a better outcome in terms of OS. Further prospective trials would assess this issue in order to guide clinicians in real word practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document