MODELLING A PASSENGER CAR SYSTEM BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY IN VILNIUS CITY

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Grigonis ◽  
Marija Burinskienė ◽  
Gražvydas Paliulis ◽  
Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė ◽  
Vytautas Dumbliauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Motorized Transport

The growing rate of motorization and the use of passenger cars have a worsening effect on traffic conditions in the streets of Vilnius City. Moreover, adverse urbanisation processes (i.e. migration to suburban areas) make a huge effect on the behaviour of travelling. A deeper analysis of these processes requires large data amounts and techniques for analysing transportation. The study is aimed at preparing and assessing the scenarios of developing passenger car transport through the prism of sustainability indicators. A plan for case study-based hypothetical mobility management explores a series of future scenarios improving transportation diversity and changes in modes for travellers. These scenarios are developed with respect to developments anticipated in the Master Plan of the City of Vilnius and aims at identifying the effect of a new public transport network on the motorized transport system during the morning peak in the hypothetical year 2025. Mobility management through transportation diversity increases travelling options, encourages travellers to choose the most efficient mode and tends to eliminate car dependency that otherwise occurs in urban areas. The development of a public transport route network in Vilnius City creates real preconditions for implementing a sustainable transport system thus giving a priority to the development of a new and fast transport mode. The planned routes of the new transport mode allows significantly reducing the necessity for the use of private motorized transport and influencing the total structure of travels thus making it possible for a large number of people to reach destination by public transport.

How upright a public bus transport system is desirable for sustainable mobility?

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Pragati Jain ◽  
Prerna Jain ◽  
Roopesh Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Bus Transport ◽  
Bus System

Sustainable mobility demands the inclusion of environment, social and economic sustainabil-ity. Public transport especially the bus system can be explored to fulfill these three sub goals. Globally the uses of personal vehicles have noticed an exponential growth owing to high per capita income and not up to the mark standards of public transport system. The emphasis on the requirement to probe significant questions while designing urban transport policies moti-vates this study to investigate what an ideal public bus system should be like, in the eyes of, those who either do not use or have shifted from public to private mode of travel. A survey on 1554 respondents is conducted to identify the various attributes that the public desire for, of a public bus system. These 12 items or attributes are clubbed into four categories using factor analysis. The logit regression run on the binary outcome "Shift" variable of opting or not opt-ing for public bus system with the four predicator variables (institutional, personnel, personal and qualitative) obtained using factor analysis shows positive association of improvement in these predicators to the outcome of opting for public transport.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Car Dependency And Use of Public Transport in Duhok City- Barriers Analysis And Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Pires H. Abdullah ◽  
Jurgen Perschon ◽  
Ahmed M. Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Motorized Transport

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between car dependency and the use of public transportation in Duhok city. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that hinder the use of public transportation and the reasons for the absence of public transportation, as well as to determine how to make the young generation change their mobility culture from a passenger car-based system to use public transport. This study was a qualitative study, which consists of Duhok city as a case study for this research, in which purposive, simple random and theoretical sampling was adopted. Two types of Semi-structured interview questions were used one with open-ended questions with governmental experts, the other was open, and the closed-ended question that was used with public people of Duhok city in order to collect the information about transportation situation in Duhok city. This research practiced a qualitative research approach, thus for analyzing data, a thematic coding analysis has been applied. Moreover, for the analysis of close-ended questions, some charts and graphs have been made by utilizing Microsoft Excel Program. This method has been done in order to avoid bias and support data analyzed by other methods of analysis. The study found out that the vehicle or passenger car is the main transport mode in Duhok city, the passenger car provides accessibility and flexibility which public transportation cannot and this is due to the absence of a convenient public transport in Duhok city. In addition, it was pointed out that people can change their minds about favoring the use of public transport over cars, first by developing well-constructed and planned public transport, also with the available of various modes that need to be well integrated with other forms of non-motorized transport, such as pedestrian walkway system, cycling, and taxis.

scholarly journals Urban public transport as a tool of sustainable mobility policy – the example of Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-184
Author(s):  
Paweł Gałka ◽  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
Katarzyna Hebel ◽  
Eamonn Judge ◽  
Olgierd Wyszomirski
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
Technical Solutions

The assumptions and goals of sustainable urban mob ility are defined in global and national documents, for example, the United Nations 2030 Agenda and in the Transport Policy of the State of Poland for 2006–2025. Achieving these goals is a long process. Tools and actions have been identified that play a fundamental role in achieving sustainable mobility, and various methods of measuring the effectiveness of these activities have been presented and compared. The article presents the following research hypotheses: achieving the goals of sustainable mobility through the development of the public transport offer requires the use of modern management methods, it is necessary to identify the main attributes of public transport that determine the use of this type of transport and to finance those elements of the transport offer that correspond to these attributes. The aim of the article is to assess the role of public transport as an element of sustainable mobility and to explain the reasons for unsatisfactory policy effects in Poland. Analysing the effectiveness of actions and tools used in Polish cities in achieving the goals of sustainable mobility, the processes of management in public transport and shaping the attributes of transport services and technical solutions were selected for the analysis. The analysis was carried out on the example of selected Polish cities. On the basis of the conducted research, the authors formulated conclusions: the idea of sustainable mobility development is an element of the transport policy of modern European cities, achieving sustainable development requires changes in the structure of urban transport, effective implementation of a sustainable mobility policy leads to changes in transport behaviour, the condition for increasing the share of public transport is to increase the attractiveness of its services. Detailed conclusions were defined in relation to selected Polish cities, in particular Gdańsk and Gdynia. The use of public transport by people who can travel by car can be increase by affecting the freedom to use passenger cars in cities through traffic and parking restrictions. The most effective tool that limits the use of private cars turns out to be parking fees in the city. Conclusions from the conducted research allowed us to confirm the research hypotheses of the article.

Measurements of airborne particles and chemical identification of metal content in a public underground transport system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Crazzolara ◽  
Sabine Lüchtrath ◽  
Hagen Stosnach ◽  
Andreas Held
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Subway Train

<p>In urban areas, a large number of people use public transport systems on a daily basis, and depending on the length of their commute, they spend a considerable amount of time in it. Part of the public transport system runs underground. Even though underground trains are powered by electric traction motors, the accumulation of airborne particles may be of concern due to limited air exchange in underground transport systems.</p><p>Initial measurements carried out in previous studies worldwide have shown that the air in a subway train station can be considerably more polluted with particulate matter than the air at a busy road junction. PM10 mass concentrations as high as 120 µg/m<sup>3</sup> have been measured at a subway train station in Stuttgart. This is more than double the daily average PM10 limit value of 50 µg/m<sup>3</sup> for outside air in Europe.</p><p>In order to study particulate matter concentrations in the underground transport system of Berlin (Germany) and potential particle sources, first semester students carried out preliminary measurements in a student project in January 2021. The students were equipped with handheld optical particle counters to study particulate matter levels at various locations of the underground transport system and at roadside station at street level for comparison. In additions, airborne particles were collected by using a single staged impactor, and subsequently analysed for their metal content using Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) analysis.</p><p>The results indicate significantly elevated PM10 levels in underground train stations compared to street levels. Up to 35 times as much iron was found in the air of an underground train station compared to a busy street intersection at Potsdamer Platz. These high levels of iron suggest that a reason for the elevated concentrations of particulate matter in the underground system could be abrasion from wheels and rails.</p><p>This preliminary study sets the basis for a more comprehensive investigation of PM sources in public underground transport systems required to evaluate its effect on urban air quality.</p>

Students’ mobility attitudes and sustainable transport mode choice

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 942-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Cattaneo ◽  
Paolo Malighetti ◽  
Chiara Morlotti ◽  
Stefano Paleari
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Travel Experience

PurposeThis study aims to explore the propensity of university students to use different sustainable transport modes, taking into account individual and specific trip characteristics, as well as students’ psychological traits (i.e. attitudes).Design/methodology/approachUsing the transport mode preferences of 827 students who responded to a travel survey, a two-step analysis is conducted. The first step examines the effects of individual characteristics, travel experience and origin or destination features on students’ stated preferences (i.e. self-selected values assigned to personal attitudes). The second step analyses students’ travel mode choices, given their intrinsic mobility attitudes.FindingsThe results suggest that informing students about environmental issues increases their propensity to use sustainable mobility, leading to an average decrease in private transport usage of 5.8 per cent. Interestingly, improving the public transport service and promoting sustainable transport mobility have different impacts on individual campus areas. For campuses located in the city centre and in the historical hamlet, improvements in public transport are found to decrease solo driving by 3.3 per cent and 5.3 per cent, respectively. In suburban areas, this value increases to 9.5 per cent.Originality/valueThis work makes two contributions to the literature. First, it focuses on an unexplored setting, namely, that of a multi-campus university, with districts located in three different areas. This is used to explain how students are influenced by their travel experience and the cultural framework in which they are embedded. Second, the two-step analysis leads to a deeper understanding of the differences between attitudes and “intrinsic attitudes”, and their relative influence on the preferred alternative.

scholarly journals Investigating Maturity Requirements to Operate Mobility as a Service: The Rome Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8367
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Corazza ◽  
Giordano Carassiti
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The City ◽  
Advance Knowledge

The maturity of a city to operate a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) ecosystem has been often analyzed in the literature. This and the consideration that MaaS is mostly found in areas with long-enforced transit-oriented policies and efficient multimodal supply raise the research question of whether it would be possible to operate MaaS in urban areas where mobility management is addressed according, on the contrary, to a conservative approach. A field study developed in Rome as a case in point, aimed at analyzing the actual feasibility of local MaaS operations, indicates that limitations are due to the citizens’ low willingness to pay. This is originated by a general underestimation of transit costs and made harsher by the inveterate use of passenger cars as the prevailing modal choice. The paper analyzes the results achieved, collected via a questionnaire, and highlights additional barriers to implement MaaS strictly related to its social acceptance, rather than to its technical viability, as to which the city, instead, is mature. The lesson learnt is that MaaS might be operationally (or technically) feasible even in challenging contexts, like Rome’s, but the prerequisite is to create supporting policies, for which a number of actions are outlined and elaborated, with the research goal to advance knowledge in this field, especially for decision-makers and potential stakeholders who might perceive MaaS as a too-demanding option for the context they operate in.

scholarly journals Elektromobilność w autobusowym transporcie publicznym organizowanym przez Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowską Metropolię jako narzędzie realizacji idei zrównoważonej mobilności

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Anna Mercik
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Bus Transport

The idea of sustainable mobility is one of the key concepts responding to the need to reduce the negative effects of transport, particularly in urban areas. European Union documents indicate a number of actions which can help to balance mobility. Among them, the concept of increasing the energy efficiency of transport processes through the use of low-emission sources of vehicle power, including electrification of vehicles, occupies an important place. The aim of the study is to determine whether the actions taken by the GZM Metropolis, operating since 2017 in the central part of the Silesian Voivodship, in the field of electrification of the bus transport it organises can be considered as actions imple­menting the objectives of sustainable mobility policy. The article contains: a review of current research on sustainable mobility policy, an attempt to define the concept of electromobility, an indication of the possibility of its application in public bus transport, identification of legal conditions for the implementation of electromobility in public transport in Poland, conditions for the activity of the GZM Metropolis as a public transport authority and an entity responsible for the implementation of sustainable mobility policy, as well as an analysis of actions taken by the Metropolis GZM and its operators in the field of bus fleet electrification. The results of the study are based, among other things, on an analysis of national and foreign literature on the subject, acts of the European Community and national law, strategic and operational documents of entities at various levels of administration and source data obtained during direct interviews with employees of the largest public transport organiser in the Silesian Voivodeship. The results of the participant observation of the author of the study were also used in the research.

Investigation of Aerodynamic Wheel Designs on a Passenger Car at Different Cooling Air Flow Conditions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoffer Landstro¨m ◽  
Lennart Lo¨fdahl
Keyword(s):  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Flow Structures ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Flow Configurations ◽  
Cooling Air Flow ◽  
Cooling Air

Passenger cars represent the largest part of all means of personal transportation today. Thus, it is important to work towards reduced energy consumption of cars if a sustainable mobility is to be achieved. This involves many aspects of vehicle engineering; one of them being aerodynamics. This study focuses on aerodynamic drag and the contributions from the wheels at different cooling air flow configurations. Wheels and wheel housings are important for the overall aerodynamic drag on passenger cars. It has been shown that as much as 25% of the aerodynamic drag originates from these components. Therefore, it is desirable to understand the flow structures related to the wheels and wheel housings, and how they interact with other important flow regions. This paper presents an investigation of the effects of wheel designs on aerodynamic drag at different cooling air flow configurations on a sedan type passenger car. Comparisons between numerical simulations and wind tunnel measurements are made for some of the configurations as well. Several additional wheel configurations were investigated numerically to further investigate the flow structures at the front and rear wheels. The numerical results show that the effects of radial wheel covering varied noticeably with cooling air flow configuration. In two of the configurations this resulted in a net drag increase with closed cooling air inlets. The best configuration with closed cooling air inlets generated an overall drag reduction of 29 drag counts compared with the numerical baseline with open cooling air inlets. In addition to the obvious drag reduction of closing the cooling air inlets, the main reasons for the additional decrease was limiting the drag increase at the front stagnation region and positive interference effects along the underbody and vehicle base.

scholarly journals Analysis of road traffic intensity on selected streets of Szczecin

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Paweł Regulski ◽  
Karol F. Abramek
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Network

The article presents the analysis of road traffic intensity on selected streets of Szczecin. The research were carried out on three selected streets on working days in the afternoon transport peak. As part of the research, the number of passenger cars was determined in order to make possible the use of the railway infrastructure network as part of the public transport system.

scholarly journals Development of public transport system as a factor in greening the urban environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
A. Kinsht ◽  
E. Malova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System

Public transport is not only an element of a city ensuring the territorial integrity, but also a factor that significantly affects the quality of the urban environment. Improvement of the public transport system and optimization its types make it possible to rebuild the urban space, providing territories for public, recreational and other functions of the city. The transport infrastructure in the urban environment without these functions results in negative consequences.The aim of the work is to identify the advanced trends in the organization of the public transport system based on the experience of cities with a high level of urban comfort.It is shown that without the interaction with external and internal components of the urban and transport systems, the infrastructure of public transport cannot be considered, since transport becomes a competitor for land resources for pedestrian, cycling infrastructure and landscaping. It is found that the optimization of the transport system must be oriented towards the accessibility of urban areas at any time, expanding pedestrian and green areas and reducing the negative impact on the urban environment.

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