scholarly journals Investigating Maturity Requirements to Operate Mobility as a Service: The Rome Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8367
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Corazza ◽  
Giordano Carassiti
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The City ◽  
Advance Knowledge

The maturity of a city to operate a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) ecosystem has been often analyzed in the literature. This and the consideration that MaaS is mostly found in areas with long-enforced transit-oriented policies and efficient multimodal supply raise the research question of whether it would be possible to operate MaaS in urban areas where mobility management is addressed according, on the contrary, to a conservative approach. A field study developed in Rome as a case in point, aimed at analyzing the actual feasibility of local MaaS operations, indicates that limitations are due to the citizens’ low willingness to pay. This is originated by a general underestimation of transit costs and made harsher by the inveterate use of passenger cars as the prevailing modal choice. The paper analyzes the results achieved, collected via a questionnaire, and highlights additional barriers to implement MaaS strictly related to its social acceptance, rather than to its technical viability, as to which the city, instead, is mature. The lesson learnt is that MaaS might be operationally (or technically) feasible even in challenging contexts, like Rome’s, but the prerequisite is to create supporting policies, for which a number of actions are outlined and elaborated, with the research goal to advance knowledge in this field, especially for decision-makers and potential stakeholders who might perceive MaaS as a too-demanding option for the context they operate in.

scholarly journals How do green areas influence the temperature of cities? Web map to help local decision making about cities and the climate emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Carla Garcia-Lozano ◽  
Anna Peliova ◽  
Josep Sitjar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Web Map ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. The positive effect of urban greenery on the city’s microclimate is well known, as is its ability to reduce the ambient temperature in urban areas. Our results show how the areas with the lowest surface temperature clearly coincide with the vegetated areas in the city of Barcelona. This phenomenon demonstrates the importance of increasing the urban greenery in large compact cities, such as the city of Barcelona, in order to regulate the local temperature and mitigate the effects of global warming on a large scale. The web map presented here can be used as a tool for decision makers to identify the warmest areas in the city of Barcelona and to increase greenery in an efficient manner.

scholarly journals Role of COVID-19 and motionless communication on expected trends of mobility: an evidence from Italian and Turin data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Claudia Caballini
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Web Traffic ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Local Mobility ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The City

The 2020 pandemic has been changing for months the everyday mobility of part of the world: we concentrate on one of the first areas hit by COVID-19, soon after China. One of the main elements of change is the consolidation of teleworking, which further prompted motionless communications. The emergency-induced reduction of the systematic travel demand has been counterbalanced by the increased volume of web traffic. As a result, communications which formerly required commuting or travel missions have been regularly performed motionless during the lockdown. All this is known, also by experience. The novelty is that this paper quantifies this phenomenon, with a focus on the city of Turin, Italy, and makes hypotheses on the post-COVID. Local mobility data, so as trends before and during the lockdown are presented, thereafter compared. Implications for the “new normal” ahead are fully elaborated, to reply to a pre-existing research question on the role of motionless communications in the future urban mobility management. Eventually, the paper provides directions to advance and create a reference for further transport policies, within the general research goal to contribute to advance scientific knowledge in this new transportation study topic.

Priorities for transit and cyclists - case study: bus-lane on Garbary street in Poznań

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Lech Gawełek ◽  
Emilia Góral-Gawełek ◽  
Grzegorz Pluta ◽  
Szymon Fierek
Keyword(s):  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Bus Lane ◽  
Communication Traffic ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
Simultaneous Movement ◽  
The City

The motorization rate in many Polish cities is growing year by year. In many of cases, (e.g. Poznań), it is the highest value in in Europe (over 600 passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants). Taken this into account together with migration of inhabitants to suburban areas and their daily commuting by car to the city, the effect is excessive congestion of streets and associated with it increasion of exhaust emission and noise, deterioration of safety and, consequently, a decrease in the quality of life in the city. With this in mind, a number of actions have to be taken to increase the share of travels by mass transit. It is also necessary to change social acceptance for priorities for collective transport, alternative communication, traffic calming or parking restrictions in the city center. The article presents proposals for solutions facilitating the simultaneous movement of public mass transport and bicycles on the example of a separate lane on Garbary Street in Poznań. The authors carried out motion studies, built a simulation model and analyzed the possibility of joint use of BUS lanes by buses and bicycles at various levels of bicycle traffic.

scholarly journals The Study of Mosque Management in Indonesia and Spain: Majority and Minority Muslim Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Sukron Kamil ◽  
Zakiya Darojat
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

This article aims to analyze and compare the management of mosques between two countries; Indonesia, where Muslims are the majority population, and Spain where Muslims are the minority. The research question is summed upon how the Muslims respond to the mosque management in two countries, Indonesia and Spain. Constructed by both research methods, qualitative and quantitative, this article lists mosques in urban areas both in Indonesia and Spain and analyzes several aspects related to mosque management. The number of questionnaires distributed was 100 to Indonesian Muslim communities in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi), and 100 Muslims in the City of Madrid and Sevilla, in Spain. The study found high scores for mosque management in urban Indonesia related to the community's satisfaction with the mosque services either in the social field (as the power of civil society) or in the main service fields (worship/da'wa). Meanwhile, the score for managing mosques in Spain is low. This fact is related to the issue of better access to resources: economic, socio-cultural, and political mosques in Indonesia as they are the majority population. On the other hand, Spanish Muslims often face various obstacles in building mosques, one of them being tied up with the issue of Islamophobia. In conclusion, Mosque management in Indonesia seems better than in Spain both in social services and in worship/da'wah.

Control of odour nuisance in urban areas: the efficiency and social acceptance of the application of masking agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Lazarova ◽  
Brahim Abed ◽  
Gabriela Markovska ◽  
Thierry Dezenclos ◽  
Aït Amara
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Masking Agents ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
The City

This paper presents and discusses the results of the project named ‘Jasmin’ implemented in Algiers to control the strong odours of the river named Oued El Harrach, one of the largest rivers in the centre of the city. Pending the achievement of curative solutions, a temporary option for mitigation of nuisance odour by masking agents was implemented in the vicinity of the main bridges. The efficiency of this technology has been followed by means of an odour panel with the participation of representatives of all stakeholders. A sociological study by means of 1,000 questionnaires and face-to-face interviews of the local population demonstrated the benefits and the positive outcomes of the attenuation of odour nuisance: 70% of the surveyed population is satisfied or very satisfied with the application of masking agents and 96% of respondents support the continuation of the project. In terms of size and public access, the project Jasmin is a world-first demonstration of odour control in urban areas in developing countries.

MODELLING A PASSENGER CAR SYSTEM BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY IN VILNIUS CITY

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Grigonis ◽  
Marija Burinskienė ◽  
Gražvydas Paliulis ◽  
Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė ◽  
Vytautas Dumbliauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Motorized Transport

The growing rate of motorization and the use of passenger cars have a worsening effect on traffic conditions in the streets of Vilnius City. Moreover, adverse urbanisation processes (i.e. migration to suburban areas) make a huge effect on the behaviour of travelling. A deeper analysis of these processes requires large data amounts and techniques for analysing transportation. The study is aimed at preparing and assessing the scenarios of developing passenger car transport through the prism of sustainability indicators. A plan for case study-based hypothetical mobility management explores a series of future scenarios improving transportation diversity and changes in modes for travellers. These scenarios are developed with respect to developments anticipated in the Master Plan of the City of Vilnius and aims at identifying the effect of a new public transport network on the motorized transport system during the morning peak in the hypothetical year 2025. Mobility management through transportation diversity increases travelling options, encourages travellers to choose the most efficient mode and tends to eliminate car dependency that otherwise occurs in urban areas. The development of a public transport route network in Vilnius City creates real preconditions for implementing a sustainable transport system thus giving a priority to the development of a new and fast transport mode. The planned routes of the new transport mode allows significantly reducing the necessity for the use of private motorized transport and influencing the total structure of travels thus making it possible for a large number of people to reach destination by public transport.

scholarly journals Os casos de Chikungunya e sua relação com as condições climáticas do município de João Pessoa, PB

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2595
Author(s):  
Anne Falcão de Freitas ◽  
Joel Silva Dos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Rodrigues Viana De Lima
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City

Chikungunya (CHIKV) é uma doença viral pertencente à família Togaviridae trasmitida principalmente nas áreas urbanas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti. Pesquisas apontam que surtos recentes da CHIKV podem está relacionada com a sazonalidade, como exemplo João Pessoa, PB, representando uma emergência na saúde pública e de estudos para compreender a sua ocorrência nessa região. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa se apresenta com o objetivo de estudar a dispersão dos casos de Chikungunya e a sua relação com o clima urbano na cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Para isso, foram coletados dados dos casos de Chikungunya junto a Secretária de Saúde do munícipio visando quantificar os casos da doença por bairros da área de estudo. Também foram coletados os dados referentes clima (temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e pluviosidade), da área de estudo, a partir dos dados do Instituto Nacional de Metereologia-INMET, com posterior relação com os casos de CHIKV, por meio de gráficos. A periodicidade de coleta dos dados consistiu em 2015 a 2017, levando em consideração períodos de estiagem e chuvoso. Os resultados revelam que os casos de Chikungunya foram registrados especialmente nos bairros: Cristo, Cruz das Armas, Mandacaru, Mangabeira, Oitizeiro, Torre e Varjão. Dessa forma, pode-se afirmar que as condições climáticas juntamente com as atividades humanas proporcionam o desenvolvimento do mosquito com consequente transmissão da doença. Sendo assim, torna-se imprescindível essa compreensão para a promoção de políticas públicas de prevenção que possa auxiliar os tomadores de decisão na gestão da saúde pública do município. The cases of Chikungunya and its relationship with the climatic conditions of the municipality of João Pessoa, PBA B S T R A C TChikungunya (CHIKV) is a viral disease belonging to the family Togaviridae transmitted mainly in urban areas by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Research indicates that recent outbreaks of CHIKV may be related to seasonality, such as João Pessoa, PB, representing an emergency in public health and studies to understand its occurrence in this region. Thus, this research is presented with the objective of studying the dispersion of the Chikungunya cases and their relation with the urban climate in the city of João Pessoa / PB. For this, data from the Chikungunya cases were collected from the Municipal Secretary of Health to quantify the cases of the disease in neighborhoods of the study area. Data on the climate (temperature, relative air humidity and rainfall) of the study area were also collected, based on data from the INMET National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), with a subsequent relationship with the CHIKV cases, using graphs. The periodicity of data collection consisted of 2015 to 2017, taking into account periods of drought and rainy season. The results reveal that the cases of Chikungunya were registered especially in the neighborhoods: Cristo, Cruz das Armas, Mandacaru, Mangabeira, Oitizeiro, Torre and Varjão. Thus, it can be said that climatic conditions together with human activities provide the development of the mosquito with consequent transmission of the disease. Therefore, this understanding is essential for the promotion of public prevention policies that can assist decision-makers in the management of public health in the municipality.Key words: Climate and epidemic, CHIKV in João Pessoa, Chikungunya cases.

Urbanization of fauna on the example of marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
A. P. Korzh ◽  
T. V. Zahovalko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, the number of published works devoted to the processes of synanthropization of fauna, is growing like an avalanche, which indicates the extreme urgency of this theme. In our view, the process of forming devices to coexist with human and the results of his life reflects the general tandency of the modern nature evolution. Urbanization is characteristic for such a specific group of animals like amphibians, the evidence of which are numerous literature data. Many researchers use this group to assess the bioindicative quality of the environment. For this aim a variety of indicators are used: from the cellular level of life of organization up to the species composition of the group in different territories. At the same time, the interpretation of the results is not always comparable for different areas and often have significantly different interpretations by experts. Urban environment, primarily due to the contamination is extremely aggressive to amphibians. As a consequence, the urban populations of amphibians may be a change in the demographic structure, affecting the reproductive ability of the population, the disappearance of the most sensitive species or individuals, resizing animals, the appearance of abnormalities in the development, etc. At the same time play an important amphibians in the ecosystems of cities, and some species in these conditions even feel relatively comfortable. Therefore, it is interesting to understand the mechanisms of self-sustaining populations of amphibians in urban environments. To assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the development of amphibian populations were used cognitive modeling using the program Vensim PLE. Cognitive map of the model for urban and suburban habitat conditions were the same. The differences concerned the strength of connections between individual factors (migration, fertility, pollution) and their orientation. In general, factors like pollution, parasites, predators had negative impact on the population, reducing its number. The birth rate, food and migration contributed to raising number of individuals. Some of the factors affected on the strength to of each other as well: the majority of the factors affected the structure of the population, had an influence on the fertility. Thanks to it the model reflects the additive effect of complex of factors on the subsequent status of the population. Proposed and analyzed four scenarios differing strength and duration of exposure. In the first scenario, a one-time contamination occurs and not subsequently repeated. The second and third scenario assumes half board contamination, 1 year (2 scenario) and two years (scenario 3). In the fourth scenario, the pollution affected the population of amphibians constantly. In accordance with the results of simulation, much weaker than the natural populations respond to pollution - have them as an intensive population growth and its disappearance at constant pollution is slow. Changes to other parameters of the model showed that this pollution is the decisive factor -only the constant action leads to a lethal outcome for the populations. All other components of the model have a corrective effect on the population dynamics, without changing its underlying trand. In urban areas due to the heavy impact of pollution maintaining the population is only possible thanks to the migration process – the constant replenishment of diminishing micropopulations of natural reserves. This confirms the assumption that the form of existence metapopulations lake frog in the city. In order to maintain the number of amphibians in urban areas at a high level it is necessary to maintain existing migration routes and the creation of new ones. Insular nature of the placement of suitable habitats in urban areas causes the metapopulation structure of the types of urbanists. Therefore, the process of urbanization is much easier for those species whicht are capable of migration in conditions of city. In the initial stages of settling the city micropopulationis formed by selective mortality of the most susceptible individuals to adverse effects. In future, maintaining the categories of individuals is provided mainly due to migration processes metapopulisation form of the species of existence is supported). It should be noted that the changes in the previous levels are always saved in future. In the case of reorganizations of individuals we of morphology can assume the existence of extremely adverse environmental conditions that threaten the extinction of the micropopulations. 

Some Aspects of Identity Politics of Kharkiv Local Authorities After 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Denys Kutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
New Policies ◽  
National Flag ◽  
The City

AbstractThe paper analyzes the transformation of identity politics of Kharkiv local authorities after the Euromaidan, or Revolution of Dignity, the annexation of Crimea, and the War in Donbass. Being the second largest city in Ukraine and becoming the frontline city in 2014, Kharkiv is an interesting case for research on how former pro-Russian local elites treat new policies of the central government in Kyiv, on whether earlier they tried to mobilize their electorate or to provoke political opponents with using soviet symbols, soviet memory, and copying Russian initiatives in the sphere of identity.To answer the research question of this article, an analysis of Kharkiv city and oblast programs and strategies and of communal media were made. Decommunisation, as one of the most important identity projects of Ukrainian central authorities after 2014, was analyzed through publications in Kharkiv’s city-owned media as well as reports from other scholars. Some conclusions are made from the analysis of these documents: Kharkiv development strategy until 2020, Complex program of cultural development in Kharkiv in 2011–2016 (and the same for 2017–2021), The regional program of military and patriotic training and participation of people in measures of defense work in 2015–2017, Program of supporting civil society in 2016–2020 in Kharkiv region and the city mayor’s orders about the celebration of Victory Day (9 May), the Day of the National Flag (23 August), the Day of the City (23 August) and Independence Day (24 August) in 2010–2015.

Epizootological features of demodicosis in homeless animals in the city of Tyumen ЭПИЗООТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДЕМОДЕКОЗА У БЕЗДОМНЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ В ГОРОДЕ ТЮМЕНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
The City

Широкое распространение безнадзорных животных на территории городов несет за собой потенциальную угрозу распространения зооантропонозных заболеваний, одним из которых является демодекоз. Невозможно разработать мероприятия, направленные на борьбу с заболеванием и его профилактику, без анализа данных особенностей возникновения и распространения инвазии среди всей популяции восприимчивых животных. Поэтому целью нашей работы явилось изучение распространения демодекоза среди безнадзорных собак и кошек в городе Тюмени. В задачи исследования входило изучение распространения демодекоза и его клинического проявления среди бездомных собак и кошек в условиях города Тюмени и определение сезонной динамики заболевания. Работу выполняли в 2016-2018 гг. на базе кафедры анатомии и физиологии ФГБОУ ВО ГАУ Северного Зауралья, в лаборатории акарологии ВНИИВЭА – филиала ТюмНЦ СО РАН, а также в производственных условиях на базе пункта временного содержания безнадзорных домашних животных МКУ «ЛесПаркХоз». Демодекозная инвазия распространена среди бездомных кошек и собак. Наиболее часто демодекоз встречается у собак, экстенсивность инвазии от 0,65 до 0,72%. Заболевание демодекозом у бездомных собак регистрировали на протяжении всего года, но 54,6% больных собак поступали в апреле и мае. Большинство больных демодекозом – это молодые собаки в возрасте от 1,5 месяцев до 2-х лет – 75,76%, животные старше двух лет гораздо реже страдали от демодекоза – 24,24%. Генерализацию демодекоза регистрировали у 21 собаки (63,64%), а локализованные очаги – у 12 собак (36,36%). Наиболее распространенной формой проявления демодекоза у бездомных собак является пустулезная, или пиодемодекоз. Данная форма заболевания была отмечена у 16 собак (48,49%), чешуйчатая форма отмечалась у 10 собак (30,30%), а смешанная – у 7 собак (21,21%). The widespread use of stray animals in urban areas carries with it the potential threat of the spread of zooanthroponotic diseases, one of which is demodicosis. It is impossible to develop measures aimed at combating the disease and its prevention without analyzing the data on the characteristics of the occurrence and spread of invasion among the entire population of susceptible animals. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to study the distribution of demodicosis among street dogs and cats in the city of Tyumen. The objectives of the study included the study of the spread of demodicosis and its clinical manifestation among stray dogs and cats in the conditions of the city of Tyumen and the determination of the seasonal dynamics of the disease. Demodectic invasion is common among stray cats and dogs. Most often, demodicosis occurs in dogs, with extensive invasion from 0.65 to 0.72%. Demodecosis in stray dogs was recorded throughout the year, but 54.6% of sick dogs were reported in April and May. The majority of patients with demodicosis are young dogs between the ages of 1.5 months and 2 years old - 75.76%, animals older than two years suffer less from demodicosis, only 24.24%. Generalization of demodicosis was recorded in 21 dogs (63.64%), and localized foci in 12 dogs (36.36%). The most common form of demodicosis in stray dogs is pustular or pyodemodecosis. This form of the disease was observed in 16 dogs (48.49%), scaly form, was observed in 10 dogs (30.30%), and mixed in 7 dogs (21.21%).

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