scholarly journals MANIFESTATIONS OF SYMBOLISM IN ARCHITECTURE OF POSTMODERNISM

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martynas Mankus

The article analyses expression of symbolism in Lithuanian postmodern architecture. It discusses the concept of symbolism and transformations of its meaning in comparison to the period of modernism as well as examines its most significant aspects in semantic understanding of postmodernist architecture. The article seeks to disclose the forms of symbolism represented in Lithuanian architecture by the end of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century. It searches for the most expressive examples of Lithuanian architecture of the given period by clarifying the character of postmodernist use of symbols. Attempts have been made to trace the expression trajectories of symbolism in contemporary architecture that have been influenced by postmodernism.

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.


Author(s):  
YEW MENG LAI

This article analyses the trends and developments in Malaysia-Japan relations since its inception in 1957. It begins with a brief historical overview of their bilateral interactions, followed by a scrutiny of the developments and shifting trends, from the early decade of the establishment of official diplomatic relations between independent Malaya and Japan that coincided with the Cold War to the introduction of Malaysia’s Look East Policy (LEP) in the early 1980’s that saw Malaysia-Japan ties taking-off to new and unprecedented heights. In doing so, the article reveals the major impetuses/drivers of their ‘special relationship’, which among others include complementarities in their national economies, perceived sociocultural affinities underpinned by the so-called ‘Asian values’ and idiosyncrasies of key leaders like Mahathir Mohamad, as well as the given regional strategic environment, which contributed to a congruence of strategic thought and mutual interests between the major actors from both countries that led to Malaysia’s admirable relations with Japan before the turn of the 21st century. This article also assesses the contemporary trends in and prospects for their bilateral ties, by identifying the changing dynamics that have brought a qualitative shift in the Malaysia-Japan bilateral relationship which is moving towards strategic partnership and beyond.


2019 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Anna M. Yakovleva ◽  
◽  
Alexey V. Volobuev ◽  

. The review deals with the problem of Orthodox fundamentalism in the discussion of Englishspeaking authors of different denominations, representatives of canonical and non-canonical Orthodox churches, which took place in theological discussions, in journalism and at scientific conferences mainly in recent years. The main materials are first introduced into the scientific circulation in Russian. The concepts of fundamentalism in Orthodoxy in the foreign press are presented; the definitions of Orthodox fundamentalism, the main theses of opponents and their argumentation are given. Frequently, the word “fundamentalism” in relation to Orthodoxy is used as a banal nickname for those opponents who have traditional or conservative beliefs, are prone to “ritualism”, shows intolerance and lack of readiness for dialogue, including ecumenical. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, theologians, priests and scholars have been trying to give a stricter definition of such fundamentalism as a phenomenon of the modern era, especially in its demise. It is primarily about the attitude to the works of the holy fathers of the Church. It is expressed, in particular, the opinion that the veneration of patristic writings, along with the resolutions of the Councils (which constitutes the Holy Tradition) should be revised. However, the concept of “Orthodox fundamentalism”, as follows from the given review, has not yet been formed. But one can speak of such signs of it, connected, in particular, with a wide exit to the public sphere of mass consciousness, as the striving to minimize theological provisions, absolutization of some provisions of dogma to the detriment of others, and the logos (modern) reading of the myth.


Author(s):  
Marina MIHĂILĂ ◽  
Mihaela CIOLACHE ◽  
Raluca PEȘTIȘANU ◽  
Andra GIUGLEA ◽  
Mara VASILE ◽  
...  

Main ideas on which the project proposal is based are : 1. producing a peer production collaborative open access data base for contemporary architecture; 2. proposing a structural visualization method and several modes of mapping and linking information and relevant images; 3. founding and defining a young generation of architectural projects-buildings; 4. gathering an advanced discussion for future architectural design; 5. fabricating new ideas, finding meaning and tendencies through short writings and discussions. Proposed method is to structure the ideas in a singular concept together with revisiting, reediting and rewriting the team’s manifesto Restarting Avant-garde for specific declaration of ideas, making from the specific proposed project an active instrument for a future cultural Bucharest. In few words, the team members declaration is to connect and reconnect with the School of Architecture / Faculty of Architecture UAUIM Bucharest, to contribute together and on common principles, militate for, activate and enrolling 21st century architecture to European new setups. The project proposal includes also the architects enrolling and contributing through their own projects to mapping a guide of 21st century Bucharest. keywords: contemporary architecture, Bucharest, cultural capital, 21st century architecture guide.


2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1 (3)) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Valentina Golysheva

The article illustrates the interaction of the language and social behavior which has acquired special significance in the 21st century, conditioned by the development of various cultural links. Underlining the obstacles connected with the differences in the cultures and mentality of different nations in understanding the language, the author attaches importance to the investigation of the core values and ethics of the given nation. In case of England, the relevance of politeness in various forms of request and command becomes a priority.The article aims to introduce some of the mechanisms of polite command and request to Russian students of English. However, the focus of the investigation is on euphemism as an important element of polite speech.


World Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (7(35)) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Павлів А. П.

The article studies the problem of a gradual change in the direction of urban discourse under the influence of critical re-considering of the heritage in modernists projecting and the range of social and technological initiatives implemented on the verge of 21st century. One of the features that characterizes the modern approach to urban development is a diversity of the material, dedicated to the evolution of urbanism in the 21st century (which deals with various forms of its perspective and retrospective). Such scope of data rises a lot of questions about the development of a certain system of its analysis regarding the balance of dominating topics and tasks. The given article studies main directions of scientific approach to the current state and perspective ways of urban evolution, based mainly on the potential incorporated in the traditional industrial urban development to reflect the phenomena and changes of a post-industrial city.


Architecture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Avi Friedman

The outset of the 21st century launched a “perfect storm” of societal and technological challenges and opportunities that stand to affect the way architects will design and builders construct in the next decades [...]


2021 ◽  
Vol X (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Nana Shavtvaladze ◽  

We have the variety of forms, ways, methods, strategies of teaching in the 21st century. It`s important to achieve the goal, to gain the result, to perceive the given materials. Everyone is free to choose any ways from the given approaches. Most of the textbooks are dedicated to English language. English is dominated worldwide and it`s not only foreign language but a second language as well in many countries. There are different visions and approaches in teaching a language as a foreign or as a second one. Textbooks are mades based on the four skills: reading, writing, speaking, listening. Demand of Georgian as a foreign language has increased. Many philologists have occupied themselves with teaching Georgian as a Foreign language. Plus, they have means of teaching, once there are many textbooks already created, especially for the beginner levels. Online teaching has also increased these demands. Every author forms his/her own style, approach and vision when creating a textbook. In my opinion, it`s important to first calculate the common methodical view from the beginning to the end and only then start working on the new textbook. This kind of approach helps instructor gain the results and consistent logical motion is encouraging hopeful for the student.


Author(s):  
Ayanita Banerjee ◽  

Modern science, acclaiming the success of the creative human brain as ‘progressive changes’ in the 21st century continues to prosper through prominent images of scientism, ingestion, cartelized capitalism, chemistry and rocket technology to name a few. Introspecting the 21st century from the given nexus, we are quite likely to conclude that it has remained a century when the human destructiveness has reached its creative pinnacle. ‘Creative progression’ disguised under the garb of SARS COVID-19 is currently ransacking mankind, resulting in mass genocide, destruction of cultures and worldviews. The creative human self now remains predisposed with the activation of low-grade mental illness. depression, anxiety and trauma. Tagore’s ‘creative self’ with a magisterial rebuke had always protested the prevalent dominant theories of violence and counter- violence down the time line. His philosophical vision intertwined with the humane self of ‘being’ instead of ‘becoming’ counterpoises this ‘creative enigma’ of scientific and material human progression even to this day. Standing on the threshold of the 21st century we earnestly look forward to reminiscence Tagore’s vision of Concord (milan) nurturing the “living bonds in a society” and brewing Harmony (samanjaysya) as the “wholeness and wholesomeness of human ideals” to provide a remedy for re-thinking the possibilities of “One World” (my italics) defined in terms of ‘becoming’ instead of ‘humane -being’.


Author(s):  
Fay Abdulla Al Khalifa

Formal architectural education in Bahrain is relatively young, born only at the beginning of the twentieth century. This paper discusses autonomy in learning architecture, and the effect of using a mixed methods approach combining theoretical and practical assignments on students’ performance and understanding of complex architectural concepts. The study discusses the performance and progress of 81 undergraduate students in the course of Contemporary Architecture. The paper presents the students’ learning process and engagement that occurred throughout the given assignments, theorizing about how students could build on these processes to support their understanding of contemporary architectural and urban issues. The research concludes that both theoretical and practical educations are very helpful in the learning process. Nevertheless, active learning offers distinct advantages to architectural education, especially when combined with group work. The study also shows that while students were able to plan, design and construct spatial installations, they were less capable of reflecting on their projects philosophically. The results indicate the importance of practical experiences in enhancing overall student understanding of architectural phenomena.


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