scholarly journals Optimization of the Observing Cadence for the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time: A Pioneering Process of Community-focused Experimental Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica B. Bianco ◽  
Željko Ivezić ◽  
R. Lynne Jones ◽  
Melissa L. Graham ◽  
Phil Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Survey Strategy ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Astronomical Facility

Abstract Vera C. Rubin Observatory is a ground-based astronomical facility under construction, a joint project of the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, designed to conduct a multipurpose 10 yr optical survey of the Southern Hemisphere sky: the Legacy Survey of Space and Time. Significant flexibility in survey strategy remains within the constraints imposed by the core science goals of probing dark energy and dark matter, cataloging the solar system, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. The survey’s massive data throughput will be transformational for many other astrophysics domains and Rubin’s data access policy sets the stage for a huge community of potential users. To ensure that the survey science potential is maximized while serving as broad a community as possible, Rubin Observatory has involved the scientific community at large in the process of setting and refining the details of the observing strategy. The motivation, history, and decision-making process of this strategy optimization are detailed in this paper, giving context to the science-driven proposals and recommendations for the survey strategy included in this Focus Issue.

scholarly journals Overview of the NOAA/ESRL Federated Aerosol Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Andrews ◽  
Patrick J. Sheridan ◽  
John A. Ogren ◽  
Derek Hageman ◽  
Anne Jefferson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Radiative Forcing ◽  
Cooperative Program ◽  
Observation Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foreign Science

AbstractTo estimate global aerosol radiative forcing, measurements of aerosol optical properties are made by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL)’s Global Monitoring Division (GMD) and their collaborators at 30 monitoring locations around the world. Many of the sites are located in regions influenced by specific aerosol types (Asian and Saharan desert dust, Asian pollution, biomass burning, etc.). This network of monitoring stations is a shared endeavor of NOAA and many collaborating organizations, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)’s Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) program, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), several U.S. and foreign universities, and foreign science organizations. The result is a long-term cooperative program making atmospheric measurements that are directly comparable with those from all the other network stations and with shared data access. The protocols and software developed to support the program facilitate participation in GAW’s atmospheric observation strategy, and the sites in the NOAA/ESRL network make up a substantial subset of the GAW aerosol observations. This paper describes the history of the NOAA/ESRL Federated Aerosol Network, details about measurements and operations, and some recent findings from the network measurements.

scholarly journals Methodological measurement basis environmental safety in construction and operation of water management facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 00066 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.L. Bondarenko ◽  
E.D. Hecuriani ◽  
O. V. Klimenko ◽  
E.A. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Measurement Basis ◽  
Under Construction

Based on the results of monitoring studies of existing and under construction water management facilities within the basin geosystems of the Kuban, Lower Don and Terek river, using a systematic approachof developing methodological framework for assessing environmental safety in space and time on the model of the system “OP-SES-PM”, in which the vector properties are determined by the structure of this system. Taking the water management facility as a source of environmental safety, the concept of environmental safety is defined. Which is interconnected with the ecological state of the water managementfacility, considered as an “object of activity, as part of the environmental-technical system” “Natural environment-Object of activity-Population”. Based on the analysis of the processes of interaction between the components of the system “OP-SESPM” conceptual statements ofenvironmental safety have been formulated

scholarly journals Supporting infrastructures and research reactors: status, needs and international cooperation, IAEA ICERR (International CEntres based on Research Reactors) and IGORR (International Group on Research Reactors), FP7 and H2020 JHR access rights

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Gilles Bignan ◽  
Jean-Yves Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Research Reactor ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Research Reactors ◽  
International Group ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
Evolving Context ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Under Construction

The panorama of research reactors in the world is at a turning point, with many old ones being shutdown, a very few new ones under construction and many newcomer countries interested to get access to one or to build one domestic research reactor or zero-power reactor. In this evolving context, several actions have been set up to answer this international collaboration need: the IAEA has launched the ICERR initiative, the OECD/NEA is proposing the P2M joint project proposal. In France, the Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR), under construction at CEA Cadarache, within an International Consortium, will be one of the few tools available for the industry and research in the next decades. The paper presents some update of its construction, its experimental capacities and the European support through FP7 and H2020 tools. This paper provides also some insights of international tools (ICERR, P2M) and about the International Group on Research Reactors (IGORR) and how they complement or interact with the JHR.

scholarly journals A Cache Fill and Migration Policy for STT-RAM-Based Multi-Level Hybrid Cache in 3D CMPs

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Fen Ge ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Chip Multiprocessors ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Data Migration ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Low Leakage ◽  
Hybrid Cache ◽  
Non Volatile Memory ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
And Migration

Recently, in 3D Chip-Multiprocessors (CMPs), a hybrid cache architecture of SRAM and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) is generally used to exploit high density and low leakage power of NVM and a low write overhead of SRAM. The conventional access policy does not consider the hybrid cache and cannot make good use of the characteristics of both NVM and SRAM technology. This paper proposes a Cache Fill and Migration policy (CFM) for multi-level hybrid cache. In CFM, data access was optimized in three aspects: Cache fill, cache eviction, and dirty data migration. The CFM reduces unnecessary cache fill, write operations to NVM, and optimizes the victim cache line selection in cache eviction. The results of experiments show that the CFM can improve performance by 24.1% and reduce power consumption by 18% when compared to conventional writeback access policy.

Making DA-RT a Reality

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Carsey
Keyword(s):  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Access ◽  
American Political Science Association ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
National Science ◽  
Research Transparency ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
Science Association

Calls for greater data access and research transparency have emerged on many fronts within professional social science. For example, the American Political Science Association (APSA) recently adopted new guidelines for data access and research transparency. APSA has also appointed the Data Access and Research Transparency (DA-RT) ad hoc committee to continue exploring these issues. DA-RT sponsored this symposium. In addition, funding agencies like the National Institutes for Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) have expanded requirements for data management and data distribution. These pressures present challenges to researchers, but they also present opportunities.

scholarly journals Impact of Variable-Resolution Meshes on Midlatitude Baroclinic Eddies Using CAM-MPAS-A

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
pp. 4256-4268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Rauscher ◽  
Todd D. Ringler
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Real World ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Eddy Kinetic Energy ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Variable Resolution ◽  
Community Atmosphere Model ◽  
Model Dynamics ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

Abstract The effects of a variable-resolution mesh on simulated midlatitude baroclinic eddies in idealized settings are examined. Both aquaplanet and Held–Suarez experiments are performed using the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the National Science Foundation–Department of Energy (NSF–DOE) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM-MPAS-A). In the real world, midlatitude eddy activity is organized by orography, land–sea contrasts, and sea surface temperature anomalies. In these zonally symmetric idealized settings, transients should have an equal probability of occurring at any longitude. However, the use of a variable-resolution mesh with a circular high-resolution region centered at 30°N results in a maximum in eddy kinetic energy on the eastern side and downstream of this high-resolution region in both aquaplanet and Held–Suarez CAM-MPAS-A simulations. The presence of a geographically confined maximum in both simulations suggests this response is mainly attributable to CAM-MPAS-A’s ability to resolve eddies via the model dynamics as resolution increases. However, in the aquaplanet simulation, a secondary maximum in eddy kinetic energy is present, which is probably linked to the resolution dependencies of the CAM physics. These mesh responses must be considered when interpreting real-world variable-resolution CAM-MPAS-A simulations, particularly in climate change experiments.

scholarly journals Calculation of Metallocene Ionization Potentials via Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo: Towards Benchmark Quantum Chemistry for Transition Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Rudshteyn ◽  
John Weber ◽  
Dilek Coskun ◽  
Pierre A. Devlaminck ◽  
Shiwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Monte Carlo ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Computer Time ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
National Science Foundation Grant ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
National Science ◽  
The U.S

Main Document<div>Supporting Information</div><div>XYZ Coordinates of Structures</div><div><br></div><div><div> An award of computer time was provided by the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.</div><div>This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1548562. In particular, we used San Diego Computing Center's Comet resources under grant number TG-CHE190007 and allocation ID COL151.</div><div>The Flatiron Institute is a division of the Simons Foundation.</div></div>

The Importance and Meaning of Signatures and Integrity to the Global Nuclear Community and Successful Nuclear Renaissance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
The Will ◽  
Under Construction

Welcome to the “Nuclear Renaissance”... The global nuclear renaissance and concerns over climate change were addressed by the keynote speakers at the 20th anniversary of POWER-GEN International, December 2, 2008. J.M. Bernhardt, Jr., chairman, president and CEO of Shaw Group, opened his presentation by acknowledging that the nuclear renaissance is not something that might happen; it is happening now. He stated that “When greenhouse gasses are in the mix, he believed nuclear is where we need to go.” Additionally, Jacques Besnainou, president and CEO of Areva, Inc supported Bernhardt with the call for more investment in nuclear power. He stated that “nuclear power is not THE solution, but there is no solution without nuclear power. What Will it Take to Make the Global Nuclear Renaissance a Success?Must have the need... The Department of Energy (DOE) indicates U.S. energy consumption is expected to grow 1.5 percent a year over the next two decades, and should reach an increased 45% baseload need by 2030. Additionally, the gap between total worldwide energy production and demand will double over the next 15–20 years. Must have the will... Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), and World Nuclear Association indicate that globally, 36 plants are currently under construction, 93 plants are on order or planned in 18 countries (30 in U.S.), and 219 projects are under consideration in 27 countries. Additionally, they indicate that the combination of low production costs, high reliability, safe operation and clean air benefits positions nuclear energy favorably to meet our baseload electricity needs today and for future expansion. Must have the commitment... Each of us who are members of the global nuclear community must have our core values embedded in a solid quality foundation. We exercise our commitment to quality daily by the application of our signature on documents, instructions, and drawings.

Data Privacy vs. Data Security

2014 ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Sue Milton
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Privacy Issues

This chapter assumes data is a key asset that, if lost or damaged, severely disrupts business capability and reputation. The chapter has one core purpose, to provide leaders with sufficient understanding of two data management fundamentals, data privacy and data security. Without that understanding, Information Technology (IT) security will always be seen as a cost on, not an investment towards, quality and performance. The chapter reviews the relationship between data privacy and data security. It argues that data security cannot be achieved until data privacy issues have been addressed. Simply put, data privacy is fundamental to any data usage policy and data security to the data access policy. The topic is then discussed in broader terms, in the context of data and information management, covering various themes such as cyber-crime, governance, and innovations in identity management. The chapter's intended outcome is to clarify the relationship between data privacy and security and how this understanding helps reduce data abuse. The link between privacy and security will also demystify the reason for high costs in implementing and maintaining security policies and explain why leaders need to provide stronger IT strategic leadership to ensure IT investment is defined and implemented wisely.

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