The radiocarbon chronology on the Norfolk Island archaeological sites

AbstractRa’s al-Hamra 6 (RH-6) is one of the earliest stratified archaeological sites along the eastern littoral of the Arabian Peninsula. This shell midden was radiocarbon dated to the 6th–5th millennium cal BC, but the majority of the dates were obtained before the advent of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating and suffer from large uncertainties. In addition, most of these dates were obtained on marine and mangrove shells and required correction for local variations from the global average marine 14C reservoir age (MRA). This proved difficult because no consensus value exists for this period in the area. Recent excavations at RH-6 offered the opportunity to redate this important site in order to precisely determine its occupation history and later use as a graveyard, and establish the marine reservoir effect for this time period. Thirty-eight samples of charcoal, shells, and human bone apatite were selected for 14C dating. Bayesian modeling of the 14C dates suggests that the formation of the shell midden spanned ~1 millennium, between the mid-6th and the mid-5th millennium cal BC. Positive and consistent ΔR values were calculated throughout the entire sequence, ranging from 99±27 to 207±43 14C yr. At the beginning of the 4th millennium cal BC, RH-6 was used as a graveyard, as suggested by the 14C dating of a shell in strict association with an individual buried at the surface of the site. 14C dating of human bone apatite allowed us to calculate that 89% of this individual’s diet derived from marine resources. This finding confirms previous observations showing the overwhelming presence of marine and mangrove-dwelling species in the faunal and charcoal assemblage, and implies a low mobility, or mobility restricted to the coast for this population during the 4th millennium cal BC.

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Radiocarbon Chronology of the Shigir and Gorbunovo Archaeological Bog Sites, Middle Urals, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200047433 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 54 (3-4) ◽

pp. 783-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Natalia E Zaretskaya ◽

Sönke Hartz ◽

Thomas Terberger ◽

Svetlana N Savchenko ◽

Mikhail G Zhilin

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Peat Bogs ◽

Middle Urals ◽

Early Neolithic ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology ◽

First Time ◽

Late Mesolithic ◽

Ams Dates

Two well-known archaeological sites, the peat bogs of Shigir and Gorbunovo (Middle Urals, Russia), have been radiocarbon dated (61 conventional and accelerator mass spectrometry [AMS] dates from various natural and artifact samples). For the first time, a detailed chronology of Early to Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic occupation for this region has been obtained, and a paleoenvironmental history reconstructed. Based on these results, we propose that the Mesolithic settlement of the Middle Urals region started in the early Holocene, at the same time as in central and eastern Europe.

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Radiocaron Dates and Archaeology of the Late Pleistocene in the Japanese Islands

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200031854 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 477-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Akira Ono ◽

Hiroyuki Sato ◽

Takashi Tsutsumi ◽

Yuichiro Kudo

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

New World ◽

Upper Paleolithic ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Early Upper Paleolithic ◽

Strongly Connected ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology ◽

Japanese Islands ◽

Late Upper Paleolithic ◽

Early Upper

We discuss the radiocarbon chronology of Late Pleistocene archaeology in the Japanese islands. In sum, 429 samples from more than 100 archaeological sites were compiled and then divided into three periods and four stages. The Early Upper Paleolithic, characterized by Trapezoid industries, lasted during approximately 34-26 ka. The Late Upper Paleolithic period includes both the backed-blade stage and point-tool stage, the latter appearing chronologically later than the former. This stage covers ~25–15 ka. The Final Upper Paleolithic and Incipient Jomon are distinguished by the appearance of microblade industries and the emergence of pottery at the end of this period. This period covers approximately 14-12 ka. The microblade tradition, in the broadest sense, is strongly connected to the background of peopling of the New World. New data on the transitional stage from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic are also discussed in regards to three archaeological sites. Issues on the application of the 14C calibration to the whole Japanese Upper Paleolithic are critically evaluated.

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Radiocarbon chronology of the Neolithic in the Povolzhye (Russian Eastern Europe)

Documenta Praehistorica ◽

10.4312/dp.44.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 224-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexander Alexeevich Vybornov ◽

Marianna Alexeevna Kulkova ◽

Konstantin Andreev ◽

Eugeny Nesterov

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Cultural Development ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Early Neolithic ◽

Radiocarbon Dates ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology

The radiocarbon dates obtained on materials from archaeological sites of the Low and Middle Povolzhye are presented in this article. The analysis of the complex of radiocarbon dates allowed a determination of the most appropriate dates for forming chronological schemes of cultural development in this region. The chronological frameworks of the Early Neolithic in the Low Povolzhye were determined from 6600–5500 cal BC; in the Middle Povolzhye they are from 6500 to 4600 cal BC.

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Radiocarbon chronology of the Neolithic in the Povolzhye (Russian Eastern Europe)

Documenta Praehistorica ◽

10.4312/dp.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Alexander Alexeevich Vybornov ◽

Marianna Alexeevna Kulkova ◽

Konstantin Andreev ◽

Eugeny Nesterov

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Cultural Development ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Early Neolithic ◽

Radiocarbon Dates ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology

The radiocarbon dates obtained on materials from archaeological sites of the Low and Middle Povolzhye are presented in this article. The analysis of the complex of radiocarbon dates allowed a determination of the most appropriate dates for forming chronological schemes of cultural development in this region. The chronological frameworks of the Early Neolithic in the Low Povolzhye were determined from 6600–5500 cal BC; in the Middle Povolzhye they are from 6500 to 4600 cal BC.

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Radiocarbon Chronology of Early Medieval Archaeological Sites in Northwestern Russia

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200060513 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 487-493

Author(s):

S. G. Popov ◽

Yu. S. Svezhentsev ◽

G. I. Zaitseva

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Calibration Curve ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Early Medieval ◽

Systematic Discrepancy ◽

Calibration Curves ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology ◽

Northwestern Russia

A reliable archaelogical chronology for medieval sites in northwestern Russia depends in part on a refined regional calibration scale for 14C dates. We present results of dates on tree-ring series from Novgorod that show a systematic discrepancy from European calibration curves, and that underline the need for more extensive 14C dating as the basis of an extended calibration curve for the region.

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Radiocarbon Chronology of Archaeological Sites of the Kurile Islands

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200060549 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 507-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G. I. Zaitseva ◽

S. G. Popov ◽

A. P. Krylov ◽

Yu. V. Knorozov ◽

A. B. Spevakovskiy

Keyword(s):

Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

New World ◽

Far East ◽

Aleutian Islands ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

World Population ◽

The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

Kurile Islands ◽

The Far East ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology

One of the theories of Paleo-Indian migration from Asia to America (Chard 1963) proposes that the most probable route was along the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk through Japan, Kamchatka and the Aleutian islands. To study the problem of New World population origins, we are attempting to correlate archaeological sites in this region. Our aim is to examine connections of the earliest cultures of the Far East and Siberia with the cultures of Sakhalin, the Kurile Islands, Japan and America.

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A Radiocarbon Chronology of Hunter-Gatherer Occupation from Bodega Bay, California, USA

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200019779 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 265-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michael A Kennedy ◽

Ann D Russell ◽

Tom P Guilderson

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Change ◽

Temporal Change ◽

Adaptive Strategies ◽

Potential Effect ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Mytilus Californianus ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Chronological Sequence ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology ◽

Bodega Bay

We present a Holocene radiocarbon chronology of hunter-gatherer occupation based on contemporaneous samples of charcoal and Mytilus californianus shell recovered from 7 archaeological sites near Bodega Bay, California, USA. A series of 127 14C ages reveals a chronological sequence that spans from 8940–110 cal BP (1 σ). This sequence serves as a foundation for the interpretation of behavioral change along the northern California coast over the last 9000 yr, including the adaptive strategies used by human foragers to colonize and inhabit coastal areas of this region. These 14C ages will also permit us to explore major dimensions of temporal change in Holocene ocean conditions (via marine reservoir corrections) and their potential effect on the resources available to ancient hunter-gatherers.

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Radiocarbon Chronology of Chuzhjajol Culture

Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) ◽

10.24852/pa2021.3.37.55.69 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (37) ◽

pp. 55-69

Author(s):

Victor N. Karmanov ◽

◽

Natalia E. Zaretskaya ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Complex System ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Komi Republic ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Northern Eurasia ◽

Taiga Zone ◽

Living Space ◽

Radiocarbon Chronology ◽

Further Development ◽

Nenets Autonomous

Authors summarize and analyze the data on the 14C chronology of the Chuzhjajol culture in the Far northeast of the Europe (the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug or the basins of the Pechora, Vychegda and Mezen rivers). As a result of the study of dwellings at the sites Vadniur I/7A, Vadniur I/5 and Muchkas, 17 new dates were obtained and its most probable age was determined within the framework of 4th – mid. 3rd millennium BC. These data make possible to attribute more convincingly the earliest manifestations of the Chuzhjajol traditions in the region to the Neolithic, and their further development to the Chalcolithic. However, evidence of metalworking at the sites of this culture has not been identified, and its dynamics is so far expressed only in pottery: the use of natural organic inclusions in clay and the simplification of the design of «lips». This probably indicates a connection with the bearers of porous ceramics of the Garino tradition. It was determined that dwellings of the Vadniur type on the Vychegda and Mezen rivers are the oldest structures in Northern Eurasia with a complex system of ventilation and heating of living space in the form of horizontal channels connected with fireplaces. The materials obtained as a result of the excavation of the basic complexes of the Chuzhjajol culture allows to date those using different materials and to determine the possibilities of using geochronometric methods on the archaeological sites of the taiga zone. The total volume of the obtained information determines the problem of finding the origins of Chuzhjajol traditions of housebuilding, flint knapping and pottery, which are unique for the region under study.

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The use of scanning electron microscopy in interpreting chenopodium remains from three archaeological sites in northwestern Iowa

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130195 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1112-1113

Author(s):

Douglas William Jones

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Late Prehistoric ◽

Eastern United States ◽

Chenopodium Berlandieri ◽

Seed Identification ◽

Level 2 ◽

Scanning Electron

Within the past 20 years, archaeobotanical research in the Eastern United States has documented an early agricultural complex before the dominance of the Mesoamerican domesticates (corn, beans, and squash) in late prehistoric and historic agricultural systems. This early agricultural complex consisted of domesticated plants such as Iva annua var.macrocarpa (Sumpweed or Marshelder), Hellanthus annuus (Sunflower) and Chenopodium berlandieri, (Goosefoot or Lasbsquarters), and heavily utilized plants such as Polygonum erectum (Erect Knotweed), Phalaris caroliniana (May grass), and Hordeum pusillum (Little Barley).Recent research involving the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) specifically on Chenopodium has established diagnostic traits of wild and domesticated species seeds. This is important because carbonized or uncarbonized seeds are the most commonly recovered Chenopodium material from archaeological sites. The diagnostic seed traits assist archaeobotanists in identification of Chenopodium remains and provide a basis for evaluation of Chenopodium utilization in a culture's subsistence patterns. With the aid of SEM, an analysis of Chenopodium remains from three Late Prehistoric sites in Northwest Iowa (Blood Run [Oneota culture], Brewster [Mill Creek culture], and Chan-Ya-Ta [Mill Creek culture]) has been conducted to: 1) attempt seed identification to a species level, 2) evaluate the traits of the seeds for classification as either wild or domesticated, and 3) evaluate the role of Chenopodium utilization in both the Oneota and Mill Creek cultures.

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