scholarly journals Clinical manifestations of primary and secondary dengue in Paraguay and its relation to virus serotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1127-1134
Author(s):  
Dolores Lovera ◽  
Celia Martínez-Cuellar ◽  
Fernando Galeano ◽  
Sara Amarilla ◽  
Cynthia Vazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
The World ◽  
Hospital Stays

Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is currently a major cause of morbidity in the world, and its incidence has mainly increased during the last years in Latin America, including Paraguay. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory findings of dengue and assess whether the serotype is a risk factor for severity. Methodology: We included patients ≤ 15 years old hospitalized with dengue at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, from Paraguay, from 2007 to 2018. Patients were classified according to the 2009 WHO dengue classification guidelines and were stratified by serotype into three groups according to the hospitalization period: the 2007 epidemic (DENV-3), the 2012-2013 epidemic (DENV-2) and the 2016-2018 epidemic (DENV-1). Results: Of 784 children hospitalized for dengue, 50 cases (6.3%) were caused by DENV-3, 471 (60%) by DENV-2, and 263 (33.5%) by DENV-1. Myalgias and headache were associated with DENV-3 cases and abdominal pain was associated with DENV-2 cases. Bleeding was observed mainly in DENV-1 and 2 cases. Patients with DENV-2 infections experienced more severe disease, required fluid expansion more frequently, and exhibited more often shock and admission in the ICU. Secondary cases of dengue were more severe that primary cases. Patients with infection by DENV-2 had longer hospital stays (5.1 ± 2.8 days) when compared to DENV-3 o DENV-1 infection cases (2.9 ± 1.6 days and 4.36 ± 2.7 days, respectively) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The DENV serotype has a profound impact on the clinical manifestations and severity of dengue. DENV-2 infections were associated more frequently to requirement of fluid expansion, shock, and longer hospital stay.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and the Endocrine System

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D Lundholm ◽  
Caroline Poku ◽  
Nicholas Emanuele ◽  
Mary Ann Emanuele ◽  
Norma Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Area ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) overtakes the world, causing moderate to severe disease in about 15% of infected patients, COVID-19 is also found to have widespread effects throughout the body with a myriad of clinical manifestations including the endocrine system. This manuscript reviews what is known about the impact of COVID-19 on the pathophysiology and management of diabetes (both outpatient and inpatient) as well as pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, bone, and gonadal function. Findings in this area are evolving, and long-term effects of infection remain an active area of further research.

COVID-19 and Nervous System: underestimated clinical and prognostic aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Irami Filho
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The World

The coronavirus pandemic transformed the world abruptly due to the speed of transmission and high morbidity and mortality. Many deaths have been quantified, and the scientific community intensifies the search for molecular targets, protein sequences and polymorphisms on SARS-CoV-2, to improve the clinical evolution and survival of patients. Initially, COVID-19 was described with respiratory changes, flu, and fever. With the spread of the disease, clinical manifestations were observed in other organ systems, still unknown. In this sense, the present study describes the main neurological changes and laboratory findings. The literature review was identified in the central databases: Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed / MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane Database. Twenty-five articles related to the theme were chosen, including reviews, case series, cohort, and retrospective studies. Neurological manifestations were predominantly anosmia/hyposmia, dysgeusia, ataxia, and seizures. According to the latest published studies, attention must be paid to isolated initial neurological events.

Lack of Evidence for Perinatal Transmission of Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis From a Bitch to Her Offspring

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Plier ◽  
Edward B. Breitschwerdt ◽  
Barbara C. Hegarty ◽  
Linda B. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prophylactic Therapy ◽  
Granulocytic Anaplasmosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Infection

Granulocytic anaplasmosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting dogs and humans in the United States and other regions of the world. Relatively few cases have been described in pregnant women, and perinatal transmission appears to occur infrequently in humans. Infection in pregnant dogs has not been reported. Diagnosis of infection during pregnancy poses therapeutic challenges, because doxycycline, the treatment of choice, is teratogenic. Also, infection during pregnancy may result in more severe disease. When infection is diagnosed after parturition, knowledge of the risk of perinatal transmission to offspring is important, because prophylactic therapy in neonates is also not without risk. In this report, we describe relatively severe clinical manifestations of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a postpartum bitch and a lack of perinatal transmission to her puppies.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Immunosuppressed and Cancer Patients: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Shirin Haghighat ◽  
Mehdi Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The rapidly spreading outbreak of infection by novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from Wuhan, China around the world has started since December 2019. Since the epidemic spread of this infection, individuals with comorbidities are at high risk of severe disease and increased rate of mortality. As patients with cancer are considered immunosuppressed caused by some host and treatment factors, a more detailed investigation on the impact of cancer on COVID-19 outcome seems to be necessary. This review article provides data on cancer patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although underlying immunosuppression has not proven as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 infection, most authors have identified cancer patients as a highly vulnerable population. We need more detailed especially randomized studies to compare the outcome of cancer and non-cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The more precise studies would help oncologists to make the best decision in cancer therapy.  

scholarly journals Karakteristik Klinis dan Virologis Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Bandar Lampung

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Nurminha Nurminha ◽  
Tori Rihiantoro ◽  
Mara Ipa
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract. Clinical symptoms of dengue virus (DENV) infection range from asymptomatic mild dengue fever(DF), more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) up to dengue shock syndrome. One of the determinantsof dengue infection severity was virus virulence. This study aimed to determine the clinical and virologicalcharacteristics of dengue virus infection patients based on the severity degree. A cross-sectional study wasconducted in RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, Lampung Province between July-November 2016 with 56 denguepatients as samples selected using purposive sampling. The serological test was done using a rapiddiagnostic test. Blood samples for DENV serotype identification were examined using reverse-transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction. Classification of DENV infection severity was obtained from the patient’s medicalrecord. The results showed that the most common clinical manifestations were fever, headache, and retroorbitalpain, appearing in all patients from every degree of severity. There were Grade I DHF patients whoexperienced Myalgia (15.6%) and petechiae (22.2%). Laboratory results showed that thrombocytopeniaappeared in every grade, even though 13.3% of grade I patients did not experience it. Secondary infectionwas found in 92.9% of samples, and all DENV serotype can be detected in 39.2%samples: DENV-1 (46.7%),DENV-2 (6.7%), DENV-3 (26.7%), and DENV-4 (20%). This study concluded that the majority of clinicalcharacteristics in DHF patients are in line with the degree of severity, with the bleeding as the dominantmanifestation in patients with grade II-IV. Virological characteristics of DENV-1 are dominant in all patientswith DHF grade I-IV.Keywords: dengue virus, serotype, severity, secondary infection, Bandar Lampung

Development and initial validation of international severity scoring system for familial Mediterranean fever (ISSF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Demirkaya ◽  
Cengizhan Acikel ◽  
Philip Hashkes ◽  
Marco Gattorno ◽  
Ahmet Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Mediterranean Fever

ObjectiveTo develop widely accepted international severity score for children and adult patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) that can be easily applied, in research and clinical practice.MethodsCandidate severity criteria were suggested by several FMF expert physicians. After three rounds of Delphi survey, the candidate criteria, defined by the survey, were discussed by experts in a consensus meeting. Each expert brought data of clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and physician's global assessments (PGAs) of minimum 20 patients from their centres. We used the PGAs for disease severity as a gold standard. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predicting value of each item, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to demonstrate the success of the criteria set.ResultsA total of 281 patients consist of 162 children and 119 adults with FMF were enrolled and available for validity analysis: Nine domains were included in the final core set of variables for the evaluation of disease severity in FMF. The International Severity Score for FMF (ISSF) may reach a maximum of 10 if all items are maximally scored. The threshold values to determine: severe disease ≥6, intermediate disease 3–5, mild disease ≤2. Area under the curve was calculated as 0.825 for this set in the whole group.ConclusionsThe initial validity of ISSF both in children and adult with FMF was demonstrated. We anticipate that it will provide a robust tool to objectively define disease severity for clinical trials, future research as well as for therapeutic decisions in managing patients with FMF.

Acute appendicitis in pregnancy mimicking leiomyoma pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e238476
Author(s):  
Yuna Kim ◽  
Inchul Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Anterolateral Wall ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Pregnancy

Acute appendicitis is the most common nonobstetric condition requiring surgery in pregnancy. However, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis during pregnancy is challenging because of obscure clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. Intravenous antibiotic treatment is not preferred over operation because of the poor outcome. Here, we present a case of a 34-year-old woman in the second trimester of pregnancy who presented with suprapubic pain and an unexpected 3.5 cm-long exophytic intramural myoma on the right anterolateral wall of the uterus rather than prominent appendicitis features; thus, it took 2 days to confirm the diagnosis. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed, and the patient was discharged without lingering reports on postoperative day 6. Acute appendicitis during pregnancy is common; therefore, attentive clinical suspicion will contribute to shorter hospital stays as well as fewer maternal and fetal complications.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Findings and Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients who Were Vaccinated with Coronavac or Unvaccinated: An Analytical, Cross Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Şimşek-Yavuz ◽  
Gülşah Tunçer ◽  
Özlem Altuntaş Aydın ◽  
Mehtap Aydın ◽  
Filiz Pehlivanoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract PurposeCOVID-19 vaccines have been shown to be highly effective; however, vaccine breakthrough infections resulting from hospitalization may still occur in a small percentage of vaccinated individuals. We investigated whether the clinical and microbiological features and outcomes were different between hospitalized COVID-19 vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 patients.MethodsThis multicentre, prospective, cross-sectional study was performed between April and June 2021. All hospitalized COVID-19 patients who previously had at least one dose of Coronavac were included in the study, along with some unvaccinated patients. All epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded and compared between the vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.ResultsThere were 69 fully Coronavac vaccinated and 175 unvaccinated patients. All breakthrough infections occurred in the first 3 months of vaccination. Fully vaccinated patients were older and had more comorbidities than unvaccinated patients (p<0.05). There were minor differences between the groups in the symptoms, physical and laboratory findings, anti-spike IgG positivity rate, mean anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody level, and severity of COVID-19. The mortality rate of fully vaccinated patients was higher than the mortality rate in unvaccinated patients; however, vaccination was not an independent risk factor for mortality.ConclusionsHospitalized patients with breakthrough COVID-19 after Coronavac vaccination were usually older with comorbidities. The severity and clinical outcomes of these cases were similar to those of unvaccinated patients. Our findings suggest that the immune response elicited by Coronovac could be insufficient to prevent COVID-19-related severe disease and death within 3 months of vaccination among elderly people with comorbidities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Patients With Covid-19 Diagnosis for Chronic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Altuntas ◽  
Habip Yilmaz ◽  
Emre Güner
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
The World

Abstract Aim: Covid-19 is one of the most important pandemics in the world history. Chronic diseases, which are risk factors that increase the case fatality rates, have been the leading cause of death all over the world. In this study, it was aimed to detect coexisting diseases in patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of Covid-19. Material and Method: It was carried out with the data of 229 inpatients in an intensive care unit between 01.06.2020 - 30.06.2020. Among the inclusion criteria of the study; it is necessary to have a diagnosis confirmed by PCR test, to be hospitalized in the relevant intensive care unit on the date of the study and to have data accessible through the hospital automation system. According to literature; chronic diseases of the patients and their effects on the covid-19 process were evaluated. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 (IBM Corp .; Armonk, NY, USA).Results: It was seen that the average age of the patients were 61.4±15.9 years old. While the average symptom duration was 8.2±5.3 days; total hospitalization period was 13.1±5.9 days. The length of stay of 75 patients who were sent to intensive care unit was determined as 10.1±7.1. The most common chronic disease among patients was hypertension with 47.2%. This was followed by diabetes mellitus (32.8%) and heart disease (27.5%), respectively. In the presented study, cough (59.4%), fever (58.5%) and shortness of breath (45.9%) were found to be the most common symptoms. Leukopenia, impairments in liver and muscle enzymes, abnormal C-reactive protein, ferritin and d-dimer levels were the important laboratory findings.Conclusion: Particular attention should be paid to the elderly Covid-19 patients with chronic diseases, especially DM, HT and cancer.

Identification of maize mosaic virus by immunoelectron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Maize Mosaic Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Rhabdovirus

Maize mosaic virus (MMV) causes a severe disease of Zea mays in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including the southern U.S. (1-3). Fig. 1 shows internal cross striations of helical nucleoprotein and bounding membrane with surface projections typical of many plant rhabdovirus particles including MMV (3). Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) was investigated as a method for identifying MMV. Antiserum to MMV was supplied by Ramon Lastra (Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, Venezuela).

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