scholarly journals Comparison of Diagnostic Value of Sonourethrography with Retrograde Urethrography in Diagnosis of Anterior Urethral Stricture

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Shahsavari ◽  
Seyed Morteza Bagheri ◽  
Hamed Iraji
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retrograde Urethrography ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: In spite of the advanced imaging methods, MRI and CT-Scan, the role of ultrasonography is still unique in some fields of genitourinary tract diseases.AIM: This study was aimed at assessing this role in the evaluation of male urinary stricture, and comparison with standard retrograde urethrography (SUG).METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The patients include those who were suspected of anterior urethral stricture and were introduced assessed with imaging techniques (RUG). The patient underwent ultrasonography too. The results of both methods were compared. RUG was considered as the gold standard for this comparison.RESULT: Ninety-seven patients were studied. The mean age was 46.9 ± 11.7 years (range 21-88 years), in RUG, 22 patients (22.8%) and SUG 23 patients (23.7%) had a stricture, 3 cases with a stricture in RUG had not evidenced of stenosis in SUG. The mean length of urethral stricture in RUG was 12.9 ± 8.1 mm and in SUG was 8.1 ± 7.3 mm. The estimated length in RUG way was significantly higher than SUG way(P=0.025).The sensitivity and specificity in using of SUG were 86.6% and 94.6%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The result of this study showed stricture length measured by ultrasound is shorter than the length measured by RUG and the sensitivity and specificity in using of SUG was 86.6% and 94.6% respectively that due to the advantages it is an acceptable way.

THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CONVENTIONAL TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE COMPARED WITH GENE X-PERT MTB/RIF: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
KETUT SURYANA ◽  
HAMONG SUHARSONO ◽  
IDA BAGUS NGURAH RAI
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the diagnostic value of conventional tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic procedure compared with Gene X-pert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from January to December 2018. The accuracy of conventional TB diagnostic procedure: TB screening, chest X-ray, and sputum Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining was compared to Gene X-pert MTB/RIF using 2 × 2 table. p < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. The collected data were processed using Statistical Package for the Social Science software version 26.0. Results: A total of 117 participants suspected TB was found 44 (37.60%) confirmed TB. Among the suspected TB cases, 86 (73.50%) were male and 31 (26.50%) were female with the mean age of 43.86±16.47 years. The sensitivity and specificity of TB screening (prolonged cough) were 84.00% and 12.00%, respectively. Chest X-ray had the sensitivity and specificity (91.00%) and (10.00%). The sensitivity and specificity of sputum ZN were 57.00% and 99.00%. Conclusions: Conventional TB diagnostic procedure has a high accuracy compared with Gene X-pert MTB/RIF. Therefore, it is still recommended as a TB diagnostic procedure routinely in era of Gene X-pert MTB/RIF, especially in Primary Health Care with limited settings.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment аmong Apparently Healthy People and the Role of MicroRNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 3253-3261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman I. Salama ◽  
Somia I. Salama ◽  
Dalia M. Elmosalami ◽  
Rehan M. Saleh ◽  
Hanaa Rasmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Low Sensitivity

BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal ageing and the serious decline of dementia. AIM: To identify risk factors and role of miRNAs associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among employees. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 186 employees aged between 40 and 65 years. Cognitive function was evaluated using ACEIII, MoCA, and Quick cognitive tests. Medical history and lifestyle were assessed. Family 132 & 134 miRNA expressions were assessed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: MCI was detected among 14 / 186 (7.5%). miRNA 132 expression was the only significant miRNAs to detect MCI with low sensitivity and specificity (70%). The logistic analysis revealed that higher miRNA132 expressions, low monthly intake of; vegetables, unroasted nuts, low education and higher ALT levels were predicting factors for MCI with AOR 1.1 (1.01-3.3), 1.2 (1.04-1.43), 0.8 (0.8-0.98), 2.7 (1.9-7.4) and 1.6 (1.1-2.3) respectively. CONCLUSION: MiRNAs expression showed low sensitivity and specificity in detecting MCI; only miRNA 132 might be used. Several modifiable factors seem to reduce the risk of MCI.

scholarly journals Unplanned Absenteeism: The Role of Workplace and Non-Workplace Stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Adibah Mat Saruan ◽  
Hanizah Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh ◽  
Rosnawati Muhamad Robat
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Unplanned absenteeism (UA), which includes medically certified leave (MC) or emergency leave (EL), among nurses may disturb the work performance of their team and disrupt the quality of patient care. Currently, there is limited study in Malaysia that examines the role of stressors in determining absenteeism among nurses. Therefore, apart from estimating the prevalence and the reasons of UA among nurses in Malaysia, this study aims to determine its stressor-related determinants. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 697 randomly sampled nurses working in Selangor, Malaysia. Most of them were female (97.3%), married (83.4%), and working in shifts (64.4%) in hospital settings (64.3%). In the past year, the prevalence of ever taking MC and EL were 49.1% and 48.4%, respectively. The mean frequency of MC and EL were 1.80 (SD = 1.593) and 1.92 (SD = 1.272) times, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean duration of MC and EL were 4.24 (SD = 10.355) and 2.39 (SD = 1.966) days, respectively. The most common reason for MC and EL was unspecified fever (39.2%) and child sickness (51.9%), respectively. The stressor-related determinants of durations of MC were inadequate preparation at the workplace (Adj.b = −1.065) and conflict with doctors (adjusted regression coefficient (Adj.b) = 0.491). On the other hand, the stressor-related determinants of durations of EL were conflict with spouse (Adj.b = 0.536), sexual conflict (Adj.b = −0.435), no babysitter (Adj.b = 0.440), inadequate preparation at workplace (Adj.b = 0.257), lack of staff support (Adj.b = −0.190) and conflict with doctors (Adj.b = −0.112). The stressor-related determinants of the frequency of MC were conflicts over household tasks (Adj.b = −0.261), no time with family (Adj.b = 0.257), dangerous surroundings (Adj.b = 0.734), conflict with close friends (Adj.b = −0.467), and death and dying (Adj.b = 0.051). In contrast, the stressor-related determinants of frequency of EL were not enough money (Adj.b = −0.334), conflicts with spouse (Adj.b = 0.383), pressure from relatives (Adj.b = 0.207), and inadequate preparation (Adj.b = 0.090). In conclusion, apart from the considerably high prevalence of unplanned absenteeism and its varying frequency, duration and reasons, there is no clear distinction in the role between workplace and non-workplace stressors in determining MC or EL among nurses in Malaysia; thus, preventive measures that target both type of stressors are warranted. Future studies should consider longitudinal design and mixed-method approaches using a comprehensive model of absenteeism.

scholarly journals Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Ruaa E Alabd ◽  
Kefah H Abdulmajeed ◽  
Hayder G Oufi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertile Group

ABSTRACT Aims This work was designed to assess the role of diet and dietary habits on women fertility. Materials and methods This study was carried out in seven different centers and hospitals in Baghdad in the period between January and September 2014. Participants were 400 adult women selected conveniently; their age ranged from 17 to 47 years and they were divided into two groups. Group I included 300 fertile women and group II included 100 infertile women. A specific questionnaire had been designed and used for data collection Results It was found that there was a significant difference in weight and body mass index (BMI) between the infertile group and control group. The mean of weights was 73.07 vs 69.06 kg for infertile and the control group respectively, while the mean BMI was 28.83 vs 26.70 for the infertile group and the control group respectively. Moreover, the infertile women consumed more of carbonated beverages, tea, chicken, and fish than the control group, while they consumed less milk and red meat than the control group. Also, the infertile group consumed less corn oil and olive oil than the control group (5 and 0% vs 21 and 2%) respectively, while they used to consume more solid fat and combined fat than the control group (2 and 6% vs 0 and 2.7%) respectively. Conclusion Although treatment options for infertility are available, their high cost and frequency of adverse events have motivated the identification of dietary factors related to infertility. The current study identified diet as one of the modifiable risk factors that potentially impacts fertility in the selected groups; hence, it is important to focus more on the role of diet in women fertility and increase the awareness of women to it, along with suggesting more educational programs at the primary health care level. How to cite this article Alabd RE, Abdulmajeed KH, Oufi HG. Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):82-88.

scholarly journals Assessment of Condition of Prescription of Panoramic Radiography According to the FDA Guidelines by General Dentists in Yazd in 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Esmaeili ◽  
Moein Soltanzade ◽  
Motahareh Kaboodsaz Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
General Dentists

Introduction: Panoramic radiography is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of maxillofacial lesions, due to the visibility of all the teeth, alveolar bone and TMJ. This study was performed to evaluate the status of panoramic radiography in accordance with FDA rules in general dentists in Yazd in 2019. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 170 general dentists (86 women and 84 men) working in Yazd in 2019 were completed questionnaires, including two parts: the first part consisted of demographic information( age, gender, number of years of graduation, university of Education), and the second part was specific questions in three areas: survey (28 questions), case introduction (6 cases) and diagnostic value (6 questions) about panoramic radiography. The collecting data were entered into SPSS software version 18 and analyzed using t-test and linear regression. Results: The mean score of the survey questions was 103/05±12/86, the mean score of case questions was 5/76±2/22 and the mean score of diagnostic value questions was 8/12±2/56, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of diagnostic value questions in terms of participation in radiology retraining courses (p=0.016). There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean score of diagnostic value questions with the age of dentists (p=0.015) and the mean score of survey questions (p=0.029) and mean score of case questions (p=0.039) with the university of study. Conclusion Panoramic radiography prescriptions in general dentists working in Yazd, in some cases, do not comply with the FDA guidelines for prescribing panoramic radiography, and further training in this field seems necessary.

scholarly journals Role of Common Addictive Habits on Hypovitaminosis D among Bangladeshi People

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
AHM Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md Emdadul Haque ◽  
Lubna Naznin ◽  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medicine Today

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a silent but very devastating health issue throughout the world. Some common addictive habits in our country play important role on the issue. The objective of this study was to determine the role of common addictive habits on hypovitaminosis D among the clients attending specialized hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 respondents attended Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Cantonment for estimation of 25(OH) D within the period of July 2017 to June 2018. Data were collected by face-to-face interview, reviewing with Vitamin D level of the participants from laboratory with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. Data were checked, and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 23. Results: Among the respondents, majority (68.56%) were female. The mean ±SD age of the respondents was 48.23 ± 14.05 years. The mean± SD level of 25(OH)D was 50.01± 29.93 nmol/L. Among the males, it was 50.86±28.61 nmo/L and 49.60±26.19 nmol/L among the female. The proportion hypovitaminosis D was 84.84% and a mare difference was found among male and female respondents (84.5% and 85.5% respectively. Smokers (43.88±13.01 nmol/L) were found with lower level of vitamin D than non-smokers (50.88±28.08 nmol/L) (p<0.05).The respondents having habit of chewing betel nut showed lowerlevel of 25 (OH) D than those does not practice that (51.63±18.07 Vs 46.12±13.01 mmol/L). Conclusion: The proportion of hypovitaminosis D was too high. Effective measure to be taken at all level to overcome the nutritional disorder. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 89-92

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (anti-CCP) in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
Ljubinka Damjanovska ◽  
Violeta Atanasovska ◽  
Todor Gruev
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
Peptide Antibodies ◽  
Latex Test

The Diagnostic Value of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (anti-CCP) in Patients with Rheumatoid ArthritisA cross-sectional study was carried out to analyze the prevalence of anti-CCP antibodies and IgM RF in the sera of 160 randomly selected patients from the Rheumatology Department: 60 with RA, 50 with other rheumatic diseases (non-RA), 50 healthy controls (HC). The mean age of the group was 50.06+/-11.9 years. There were 141 females (88.1%) and 19 males (11.9%). RA patients fulfilled the revised ACR criteria. The mean duration of the disease was 82.4 months. Anti-CCP ELISA kit and IgM RF Latex test were used. The mean anti-CCP values were as follows: RA 60.4+/-57.6, non-RA 2.1+/-3.6, HC 1.3 +/-0.4 U/mL. Respectively, the mean values of IgM RF were: RA 515.8+/-525, non-RA 102+/-294, HC 15+/-57.5. Forty out of 60 (66.6%) RA patients were anti-CCP positive. Forty one out of 60 (68.3%) RA patients were positive for IgM RF. As expected, anti-CCP showed comparable sensitivity (66.8% vs. 68.3%) and higher specificity (98% vs. 87%) than IgM RF, at optimal cut-off values. The presence of either anti-CCP or IgM RF increased the testing sensitivity for the diagnosis of RA to 76.6%. AUC was greater for anti-CCP than for IgM RF (0.92 vs. 0.82).

Role of Aldosterone and Potassium Levels in Sparing Confirmatory Tests in Primary Aldosteronism

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1284-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Umakoshi ◽  
Ryuichi Sakamoto ◽  
Yayoi Matsuda ◽  
Maki Yokomoto-Umakoshi ◽  
Hiromi Nagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Confirmatory Tests

Abstract Context The current clinical guidelines suggest that confirmatory tests for primary aldosteronism (PA) may be excluded in some of patients who have elevated plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) under plasma renin suppression. However, this has low-priority evidence and is under debate in use of serum potassium. Objective This study aimed to investigate an appropriate setting for sparing confirmatory tests in PA. Design and Setting A retrospective cross-sectional study in a single referral center. Participants This study included 327 patients who had hypertension under plasma renin suppression and underwent the captopril challenge test (CCT) between January 2007 and April 2019. CCT results were used to diagnose PA. Main Outcome Measure Diagnostic value of PAC and serum potassium in confirmation of PA. Results Of the studied patients, 252 of 327 (77%) were diagnosed with PA. All 61 patients with PAC &gt; 30 ng/dL were diagnosed with PA. In patients with PAC between 20 and 30 ng/dL, 44 of 55 (80%) were diagnosed with PA, while all 26 with PAC between 20 to 30 ng/dL who had spontaneous hypokalemia were diagnosed with PA. The proportion of unilateral PA determined by adrenal vein sampling (AVS) was higher in patients who had PAC &gt; 30 ng/dL or those with spontaneous hypokalemia who had PAC between 20 and 30 ng/dL than those who did not meet the criteria (76% vs. 17%, P &lt; .001). Conclusion Confirmatory tests in PA could be spared in patients who have typical features of PA and these patients had a high probability of unilateral PA on AVS.

scholarly journals PEDIATRIC ABDOMINAL PAIN;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 556-558
Author(s):  
Ejaz Hussain Siddiqui ◽  
Saad Siddiqui ◽  
Romana Ayub ◽  
Noreen Shah
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determine Role ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To assess common presenting features of children with abdominalpain and to determine role of High frequency & Doppler Ultrasound in evaluation of thesepatients. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted from August 2012 toDecember 2012. Data from patients presenting for evaluation of abdominal pain was analyzed forpresenting complaints and ultrasound findings according to objectives of the study. Results: Intotal 262 cases were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 6.3 years with a male tofemale ratio of 1.47:1. Dysuria followed by Diarrhoea and vomiting were most commonassociated complaints, Urological pathologies were most common ultrasound findings uponevaluation of patients. Conclusions: Abdominal pain is a frequent presenting feature inpeadiatric population, Urological pathologies were most common examination findings.Ultrasound is a useful and safe modality in evaluation of abdominal pain in children.

scholarly journals A clinical and biological framework on the role of visceral fat tissue and leptin in SARS-CoV-2 infection related respiratory failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter HJ van der Voort ◽  
Jill Moser ◽  
Durk F Zandstra ◽  
Anneke C Muller Kobold ◽  
Marjolein Knoester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObesity is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infected patients to develop respiratory failure. Leptin produced in visceral fat might play a role in the deterioration to mechanical ventilation. A cross sectional study was performed. The mean BMI was 31 kg/m2 (range 24.8 – 48.4) for the 31 SARS-CoV-2 ventilated patients and 26 kg/m2 (range 22.4-33.5) for the 8 controls. SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with a similar BMI as control patients appear to have significantly higher levels of serum leptin. The mean leptin level was 21.2 (6.0-85.2) vs 5.6 (2.4-8.2) ug/L for SARS-CoV-2 and controls respectively (p=0.0007). With these findings we designed a clinical and biological framework that explains clinical observations. The ACE2 utilization by the virus leads to local pulmonary inflammation due to ACE2-ATII disbalance. This is enhanced by an increase in leptin production induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection of visceral fat. Leptin receptors in the lungs are now more activated to enhance local pulmonary inflammation. This adds to the pre-existent chronic inflammation in obese patients. Visceral fat, lung tissue and leptin production play an interconnecting role. This insight can lead the way to further research and treatment.

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