Prevalence of Montelukast Use as an Add-On Therapy among Iraqi Asthmatics on Treatment Attending Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Al-Zahraa Center of Asthma and Allergy

BACKGROUND: Montelukast (Singulair) is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma, also used for exercise-induced bronchospasm. AIM: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Montelukast use as an add-on therapy among Iraqi asthmatic patients on treatment. Comparing the effectiveness of regimens with and without montelukast. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 73 Iraqi asthmatic patients on treatment of both sexes with age range (18-60) years old, attending Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Al-Zahraa Centre of Asthma and Allergy, Baghdad, for the period between February and March 2017. A questionnaire was specifically prepared to meet the objectives and was used to collect the data of the study. RESULTS: There was a significant statistical reduction of frequency in asthmatic attacks after Montelukast treatment (p-value < 0.05). Out of 73 patients, 39 were males, and 34 were females, 46 were jobless, 37 were married, 63 were urban residents, 63 were educated. Prevalence of exacerbation factors was as following: infection was found in 60.3% of the patients, exercise in 57.5%, dust in 72.6%, smoking in 60.6%, food in 24.7%, others (stress, perfumes) in 20.5%. The prevalence of Montelukast use in this study was 46% (34 patients). Out of 34 patients using Montelukast, 28 were using inhaled salbutamol, 5 were using oral salbutamol, 15 were using inhaled corticosteroids, 9 were using systematic corticosteroids, 2 were using xanthines, and 6 were using ketotifen. CONCLUSION: Montelukast was used as add-on therapy with the inhaled corticosteroids to reduce the required dose of inhaled corticosteroids also the use of Montelukast lead to reduced number of exacerbations which will be reflected on the use of inhaled salbutamol and systematic corticosteroids. Also, Montelukast was superior to xanthines and ketotifen as an add-on therapy.

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Prevalence of sinonasal anatomical variations and their effect on chronic rhinosinusitis in Al-Ramadi teaching hospital, Ramadi city, Iraq

Muthanna Medical Journal ◽

10.52113/1/2410-4590/2021-35-39 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Raid M. Al-Ani, ◽

Ghassan M. Khalaf

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ct Scans ◽

P Value ◽

Deviated Nasal Septum ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Significant Difference

Anatomical variations (AVs) of the nose and paranasal sinuses (NPS) are quite common findings on CT scans. However, their effect on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still controversial. The objectives of this study is to estimate the prevalence of AVs of the NPS on CT scans and to assess the association between multiple versus single variant and CRS. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital during the period from January 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019. We reviewed the CT scans of the patients with suggestive symptoms and signs of CRS. Out of 203 CT scans, there were 153 (75.4%) scans associated with AVs of the NPS (group A). Seventy-eight with and 75 without radiological features of sinusitis. While group B (n=50 24.6%) were not detected any variants, 24 with and 26 without features of sinusitis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p-value>0.05). There were 11 AVs detected. The septal deviation of 63% was the commonest one. Most of the AVs of the NPS were multiple (2 or more) 99 (64.7%). Forty-nine (49.5%) of them were associated with features of sinusitis. There was a statistically significant difference (p-value <0.05) between those with multiple and those with single AVS concerning the radiological features of sinusitis. In conclusion; AVs of the sinonasal region were common findings on CT scans. A deviated nasal septum is the commonest AVs. Most of our patients contain more than 2 AVs, and they were more vulnerable to sinusitis.

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Accra, Ghana: A Cross-sectional Study

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2019/v4i130099 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shadrack Okaijah ◽

Albert Abaka-Yawson ◽

Philip Apraku Tawiah ◽

Solomon Sosu Quarshie ◽

George Yiadom Osei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: The significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) relates to its potential to cause acute pyelonephritis, preterm labour and preterm rupture of the membranes. Additionally, it has been associated with clinical conditions such as anaemia, preterm birth, low birth weight and perinatal mortality. Aim: This study, therefore, determined the prevalence of ASB among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study using convenient sampling method was used to recruit 200 pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) from January – April 2014. Bacteriological, urine chemistry and routine urine analyses, as well as antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates from mid-stream urine samples of pregnant women, were carried out using appropriate standard methods. Variables were reported in mean, standard deviation, percentages and bar graph. Chi-square test was used to establish statistical difference and association between variables where p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the total participants, 23 had asymptomatic bacteriuria but no prevalence of ASB was found among Muslims. The association between marital status and the prevalence of ASB was significant (Pearson chi2 = 4.88, p-value = 0.027). Five bacterial isolates were obtained with Escherichia coli (43.6%) being the most prevalent organism. There were more negative reactions than positive reactions with regards to nitrite and leukocyte esterase determination. Both gram-positive and negative isolates recorded high susceptibility to Gentamicin and Norfloxacin. However, Ciprofloxacin showed a high rate of resistance to only gram-negative isolates whiles Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin showed high resistance to gram-positive isolates. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 11.5% [95%CI: 7.4% - 16.8%] among the referral pregnant women attending KBTH with Escherichia coli being the most prevalent organism whiles the most susceptible antibiotics were Gentamicin and Norfloxacin.

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PRECONCEPTION KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN IN FERTILITY AGE IN THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF GHANA

European Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.47672/ejhs.568 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Obed Kwaku Duah Asumadu ◽

Sandra Esi Effrim ◽

Beatrice Ennin ◽

Angela Owusuah Amoabeng ◽

Rosina Darcha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽

Preconception Care ◽

Target Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tamale Teaching Hospital

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess preconception knowledge and practices and its effect on birth outcomes among puerperal women in the Tamale Teaching Hospital.Methodology: The study employed analytic cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire was used where questions on knowledge of preconception were adopted from Southampton Women’s Survey, 2006. Puerperal women in the postnatal unit of the Tamale Teaching Hospital, who were yet to be discharged, including referred cases, were selected as target population for this study. The exclusion criteria were women who have never delivered and menopausal women. The sample size was 363 puerperal women. Purposive sampling method was used to attain the required sample. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. In the analyses, a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant when variables were cross-tabulated.Findings: The results of the study revealed a high proportion of puerperal women 161 (44.3%) were above 30 years. The mean age was 30.56±6.44 years. The study found that 37.2% women had knowledge on preconception care. There was a significant association between folic acid intake and postpartum haemorrhage (r=-0.183, p<0.0001). There was no statistical association between birth outcomes and concurrent loss of pregnancy and number of pregnancies lost except for birth weight (r=0.202, p=0.000). Albeit preconception care knowledge was low among puerperal women, it significantly influenced postpartum haemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension but not antepartum hemorrhage and birth weight.Recommendation: At the community level the study recommended to the Ghana Health Service that a mother-to-mother support group be formed among women in their reproductive age and this could help encourage one another to discuss about their health before pregnancy and share success stories on birth outcomes and report to the facility in case of any problems.

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Intestinal stomas: A clinical study in a Teaching Hospital, our experience

Journal of Kathmandu Medical College ◽

10.3126/jkmc.v9i1.33543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42

Author(s):

Om Bahadur Karki

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Loop Ileostomy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Local Skin ◽

Stoma Formation ◽

Enteric Perforation

Background: An intestinal stoma is an opening of the intestine on anterior abdominal wall made with an intention of either decompression of an obstructed colon or diversion of stool. Intestinal stomas may be temporary or permanent, depending on their role. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the common indications and types of intestinal stomas, and outcomes of patients operated at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 105 patients of intestinal stomas from February 2017 to March 2020 in a teaching hospital after approval from institutional review committee. Data were derived from medical records of patients and operation logbooks with the consecutive sampling method. Data were analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version20 and p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total of 105 patients with intestinal stomas was included for the study of which 82.9% (n=63) were emergency operations and 17.1% (n=13) were elective. There were 46 (43.80%) cases of ileostomy, 9(8.5%) jejunostomy and 50(47.6%) colostomy patients. Major indications of stoma formation were trauma 33.3% (n=35) and intestinal obstruction 22.8% (n=24). Complications were observed in 39 (37.14%) of the patients, with wound infection 11.8% (n=9) and peristomal dermatitis 11.8% (n=9) for ostomates being the commonest. Higher complications were seen with ileostomy as compared to colostomy (p=0.02) and loop ileostomy still higher than end ileostomy (p=0.00). Conclusion: Common indications for intestinal stomas were abdominal trauma, enteric perforation, intestinal obstruction and colorectal carcinoma. Main complications included local skin problems, wound infection and retraction.

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Prevalence and contributing factors of Birth asphyxia among the neonates delivered at Negest Eleni Mohammed memorial teaching hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.15482/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ritbano Ahmed Abdo ◽

Hassen Mosa Halil ◽

Biruk Assefa Kebede ◽

Abebe Alemu Anshebo ◽

Negeso Gebeyehu Gejo

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Birth asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal mortality worldwide. In Ethiopia, birth asphyxia remains a severe condition that leads to significant mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors of birth asphyxia among the neonates delivered at the Negest Eleni Mohammed Memorial Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was employed from June 1- 30, 2019. Two hundred seventy nine study participants were selected using the systematic sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaire, check list and chart review. Data were entered into Epi-data (version 3.1) and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (version 24). Descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis were made and P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Result: The overall prevalence of birth asphyxia among newborns was found to be 15.1%. Factors that were significantly associated with birth asphyxia included mothers aged ≥ 35 [AOR=6.4, 95% CI (2.0, 20.5)], primigravida [AOR=5.1, 95% CI (2.0, 13.3)], prolonged second stage of labor [AOR=4.6, 95%CI (1.6, 13.3)], preterm birth [AOR=4.7, 95% CI (1.5, 14.1)], meconium stained amniotic fluid[AOR=7.5, 95% CI (2.5, 21.4)]and tight nuchal[AOR=3.1, 95% CI (1.2, 9.3)]. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia is still prevalent in the study setting. The results of this study show the need for better maternal care, creating awareness about contributing factors of birth asphyxia to the maternity health professionals, careful monitoring of labor, and identifying and taking proper measures that could help in reducing the occurrence of birth asphyxia.

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COVID- 19 Infections with and without Co-morbidities and Clinical Outcome

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i57a33997 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 276-280

Author(s):

Beenish Ghafar ◽

Urooj Bhatti ◽

Shehmeen Khan ◽

Afsheen Abro ◽

Rubina Ahmedani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Medical Center ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Cardiac Disorders ◽

Time Of Admission

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and severity of disease in COVID-19 patients presenting with and without comorbidities. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: ICUs, wards of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi from March, to June 2021. Methodology: The enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 ie according to the provisional directions given by WHO, were assessed for clinical outcomes. Comorbidities were determined based on patients self-report on admission. Results: Total 200 COVID patients were enrolled in the study, out of them 179 were with comorbidities like type 2 Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiac disorders and asthma, while 21 COVID patients were with no co morbidity. In present study (n=200), 55.5% were belonging to the age group more than fifty five years old, there were 50.5% males and 29.5% patients came in the month of June 2021. There were 84% hypertensive, 54% were diabetic, 10% were Ischemic Heart Disease and 5% were Asthmatic patients. Clinical outcomes, i.e., pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, Myocardial Infarction, septic shock, heart failure, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation was compared regarding associated co-morbidities at the time of admission, p-value was <0.01 and x2=20.15 . Conclusion: COVID patients with comorbidities are more at risk of developing worst clinical outcomes.

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A descriptive cross-sectional study of helicobacter pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital In the Eastern part of Nepal

Journal of Nobel Medical College ◽

10.3126/jonmc.v5i2.16309 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Rishab Shrestha ◽

Gaurav Chhetri ◽

Arbind Deo ◽

Rabindra Nath Das

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Ulcer Dyspepsia ◽

H Pylori

Background In Gastroenterology practice, worldwide, the most common cause of dyspepsia is functional. Functional or non-ulcer dyspepsia is established by gastroduodenoscopy which rules out structural disorders in dyspeptic patients. Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium in gastric mucosa is associated with non-ulcer dyspepsia, chronic gastritis, gastriculcer and cancer. Worldwide prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is higher but its association with non-ulcer dyspepsia is less clear.Material and Methods The aim of this study was to see the prevalence of H. pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia. A cross-sectional study of 340 patients presented at Nobel Teaching Hospital in one year with dyspeptic symptoms underwent clerking, physical examination, gastroduodenoscopy and RUT. Symptomatic patients without any structural lesions were designated as functional dyspepsia. RUT when turned red indicated positive for H. pylori infection.Result Out of 340 patients, 180 (52.9%) were female and 160(47.1%) were male. Mean age of male and female patients was 35.88 ± 11.8 and 38.11 ± 11.7 respectively. Amongst all participants 150 (44.11%) were housewives and 69(20.3%) were students. Endoscopic findings showed gastritis 205(60.29%) and duodenitis 15(4.42%). RUT was found positive in 62% of gastritis and 86.7% of duodenitis patients (p value=0.001).Conclusion High prevalence of H pylori infection in present study may be one of the causative factors in producing symptomatic non-ulcer dyspepsia. Hence, early detection and complete eradication of H.pylori infection is mandatory. It will reduce usage of PPIs and also improve quality of life.Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.5(2) 2016; 10-16

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Birth asphyxia and its contributing factors among the neonates delivered at Negest Eleni Mohammed memorial teaching hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.15482/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ritbano Ahmed Abdo ◽

Hassen Mosa Halil ◽

Biruk Assefa Kebede ◽

Abebe Alemu Anshebo ◽

Negeso Gebeyehu Gejo

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background : Birth asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal mortality worldwide. In Ethiopia, birth asphyxia remains a severe condition that leads to significant mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors of birth asphyxia among the neonates delivered at the Negest Eleni Mohammed Memorial Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was employed from June 1- 30, 2019. Two hundred seventy nine study participants were selected using the systematic sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaire, check list and chart review . Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 24. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis were made and P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Result: The overall prevalence of birth asphyxia among newborns was 15.1%. Factors that were significantly associated with birth asphyxia included mothers aged ≥ 35 [AOR=6.4, 95% CI (2.0, 20.5)], primigravida [AOR=5.1, 95% CI (2.0, 13.3)], prolonged second stage of labor [AOR=4.6, 95%CI (1.6, 13.3)], preterm birth [AOR=4.7, 95% CI (1.5, 14.1)], meconium stained amniotic fluid [AOR=7.5, 95% CI (2.5, 21.4)]and tight nuchal [AOR=3.1, 95% CI (1.2, 9.3)]. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia is still prevalent in the study setting. The results of this study show the need for better maternal care, creating awareness about contributing factors of birth asphyxia to the maternity health professionals, careful monitoring of labor, and identifying and taking proper measures that could help in reducing the occurrence of birth asphyxia.

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AVALIAÇÃO DA INCIDÊNCIA DE OBESIDADE EM PACIENTES COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE ASMA ATENDIDOS NO AMBULATÓRIO DE PNEUMOPEDIATRIA DE UM HOSPITAL DE ATENÇÃO TERCIÁRIA

Colloquium Vitae ◽

10.5747/cv.2018.v10.nesp5.000326 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (Especial 5) ◽

pp. 07-14

Author(s):

Melina Marques Gomes ◽

Osvaldo Saraiva Marques Júnior ◽

Vinicius Marques Gomes

Keyword(s):

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

The Body ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Nutritional Guidelines

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes hyperresponsiveness of the airways leading to frequent bouts of wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness and cough. The objective of this study was to characterize the profile of patients with asthma treated at a Tertiary Care Hospital so that nutritional guidelines can be implemented for these patients. This is a cross-sectional study, in which the body mass index was analyzed in asthmatic patients over 6 years of age and under 18 years of age. The data were obtained by anthropometric measurements and the form filled out during a Pneumopediatrics outpatient clinic. A higher prevalence of asthma was observed in the male pediatric population, in agreement with the literature. The rate of obesity concomitant with asthma was 24.67%, higher than in the literature. In part, this fact reinforces the tendency of association between asthma and obesity observed in several studies. The use of inhaled corticosteroids agrees with the recommendations and therapeutic consensus of efficacy in the treatment of asthmatic crises.

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Usage of Alternative And Complementary Medicine Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus at Diabetic Clinic in Kirkuk City / Iraq

Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences ◽

10.32441/kjps.03.02.p22 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 239-246

Author(s):

Ali Ismail ◽

Taghlub Ryhan ◽

Zahrra Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Complementary Alternative Medicine ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Accessible Information ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Cam Use ◽

Study Techniques

Constrained investigation on the utilization of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), especially in essential - care settings. This investigation looks to comprehend the commonness, types, consumptions, dispositions, convictions, and impression of CAM use among patients with DM visiting outpatient diabetic facility. use of CAM has increment lately. We assessed the augmentation CAM utilization by patients with diabetes mellitus; in spite of constrained proof bases. The point of this study was to decide the CAM use among individuals with analyzed diabetes mellitus at diabetic facility at Azadi Teaching Hospital. Prospective descriptive cross sectional study; up close and personal meeting poll and self-directed unknown study techniques to get results from 417 patients who were going to Azadi teaching hospital at Kirkuk city/Iraq. The information was analyzed by usage cross-tabulation analysis (X2 test). P value of 0.05 or less is medically significant. Therefor; about Of 417 members were overviewed, around two third of them utilized some type of CAM treatments were the most widely recognized modalities. The consequences of a strategic relapse examination demonstrated that the parallel use design was most clear in the gatherings matured more than 40. Likewise, numerous sociodemographic and wellbeing related qualities are identified with the examples of the parallel utilization of CAM.At end, utilization of CAM especially biologically base CAM treatments is normal and is bound to be utilized by those with diabetes mellitus. it is as yet lacking the proof to reach complete inference about the adequacy of individual herbs and enhancements for diabetes; be that as it may, they are seem, by all accounts, to be commonly sheltered. The accessible information recommend that few enhancements might be warrant further examination

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