scholarly journals Prolonged Indwelling Foley Catheter Use in Post-operative Gynecology Patient Associated with an Increased Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 258-261
Author(s):  
Edy Ardiansyah ◽  
Arvitamuriany Triyanthi Lubis ◽  
Mohammad Iman Syahputra
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Gynecological Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Surgical Quality ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common conditions and significantly contributes to expensive health treatment and associated with gynecological surgery which increases the cases up to 50% in women undergoing specific reconstructive procedures. Besides that, one indicator of surgical quality was post-operative UTI occurrence. AIM: This study aims to assess the relationship between Foley catheter usage and UTIs after gynecological surgery with a urinary catheter. METHODS: A total of 48 subjects examined at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, and Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from June to September 2020. Subjects were performed urinalysis 8 days after surgery, or earlier if UTI symptoms occur. Personal data and illness data were taken from medical records. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square-based test. RESULTS: There was a significant difference of urine leukocytes in subjects with indwelled catheter for 24–36 h compared to subjects with 36–48 h of catheterization (p = 0.01). The 36–48 h group has a 2.15 odds of developing UTI compared to 24–36 h group (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study found that prolonged indwelling Foley catheter usage may increase the risk of UTI after gynecology surgery.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Phimosis, Smegma, and Preputial Bacteria with Inflammatory Status of Circumcised Patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3S) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Phimosis is the inability of the penis to potrude from the prepuce either partially or completely and the preputial retractability increases with age. Circumcision is believed by various parties as a form of defense against pathogens that may cause various abnormalities. Smegma is whitish lump that formed from desquamation of preputial epithelial cells. Smegma and bacteria in the prepuce may cause abnormalities such as genital infections, urinary tract infections, and even malignancy. This study aims to determine the presence between phimosis, smegma, and preputial bacteria, and its relationship with inflammatory status of circumcised patient. A cross sectional analytical study for boys who underwent circumcision at Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang. The data will be analyzed using chi-square and will be calculated for the relative risk. There were 76 patients who underwent circumcision from March 2018 until August 2018. The result was found that the presence of phimosis was significantly associated with the presence of smegma and preputial bacteria (p <0.01) with a risk of 30x and 8x respectively. However, the presence of smegma and preputial bacteria in the prepuce was not significantly associated with the inflammatory status in the prepuce (p = 0.541 & p = 0.084). In conclusion, the presence of phimosis has a significant risk in the formation of smegma and the growth of preputial bacteria.

scholarly journals A clinical study of urinary tract infections in diabetics and non-diabetics patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
C. Sayee Sankar Vinod ◽  
Vishnu Anjan Nareddy ◽  
M. V. Nagabhushana
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Recurrent Uti ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The main aim of the present study is to investigate the differences in clinical, microbiological, characteristics of Urinary tract infection between diabetic and non-diabetic patients and influence of diabetes on the spectrum of URO pathogens and the antimicrobial resistance in patients with urinary tract infections.Methods: The present study is conducted from February 2018-April 2019 in Narayana general hospital. A total of 181 diabetics and 124 non-diabetics are included. A thorough history examination investigations done. The final data was analysed using statistical package SPSS. The percentages in different categories were compared using chi square test and means were compared using student ‘t’ test.Results: The mean age among diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 60.2+/-13.79 years and 53.47+/-18.56 years. Fever is the most common presenting symptom. BPH was the most common predisposing factor in both diabetes and non-diabetes followed by indwelling catherization but there was no statistically significant difference. Diabetics with UTI majority (87.14%) had glyco HBA1C >6.5% with p<0.001. The prevalence of recurrent UTI is higher in diabetics compared to non-diabetics however difference was not statistically significant. Recurrent UTI is higher in females in both diabetics and non-diabetics. The presence of E coli is significantly higher in diabetics compared to non- diabetics. The antimicrobial resistance pattern was similar in both diabetic and no-diabetic subjects in E coli with maximum sensitivity to meropenem and least to ampicillin and there is no statistically significant difference.Conclusion: The host factors found to be associated with UTI are female sex, presence of diabetes, poor glycemic control, presence of fever. No correlation was noted with age, duration of diabetes and type of treatment for diabetes. An elevated HBA1C correlates with occurrence of UTI. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most frequent uropathogen. The resistance of uropathogens to antibiotics are similar in patients with and without diabetes and non-diabetes.

scholarly journals Relationship between protein energy malnutrition and urinary tract infection in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Arief Wijaya Rosli ◽  
Syarifuddin Rauf ◽  
J. S. Lisal ◽  
Husein Albar ◽  
Dasril Daud
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Background Urinary tract infections (UTI) is a common healthproblem in children. Its occurrence depends on several predis-posing factors and individual immunocompetence. Childrenwith protein energy malnutrition (PEM) have impaired immunefunction. Thus early detection and prompt treatment of associatedinfections in children with PEM are very important.Objective To determine the relationship between PEM and theoccurrence of UTI in children.Methods This cross sectional study conducted in Dr. Wahidin Sud-irohusodo Hospital and Labuang Baji General Hospital, Makassarbetween March 1, 2007 and June 30, 2007. The target populationincluded PEM patients aged 2 to 5 years. Well-nourished patientsmatched for age and sex were selected for control group.Results Out of 220 patients, 25 had UTI consisted of 12 malesand 13 females. Eighteen of them had PEM and 7 were well-nourished subjects. There was a statistical significant difference(P=0.019) in the occurrence of UTI between children with PEMand in well- nourished children. The relationship between PEMand UTI as determined by prevalence ratio value (PR) was 2.6with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.1 to 5.9, suggested therisk of getting UTI was 2.6 times higher in children with PEM ascompared to normal controls.Conclusions The frequency of UTI in PEM was 16.4%. Chil-dren with PEM have the risk of getting UTI 2.6 times higheras compared to well-nourished children

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

Fecundity and Gonado-somatic Index of Trichiurus lepturus (Linnaeus, 1758) Along the Zamboanga del Norte Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Ma. Dulce C. Guillena
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Moon Phases ◽  
Ovary Weight ◽  
Moment Coefficient ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Somatic Index

Gonado-somatic index and fecundity are tools for measuring the sexual maturity and ability of animals to reproduce.  This study investigates the reproduction of Trichiurus lepturus. Specifically, this aimed to determine the sex ratio, the GSI, the relationship between fecundity and total length, fecundity and total weight, fecundity and ovary weight. The Descriptive Method of research was used.  Percentage and chi-square was utilized in determining the percentage of occurrence and sex ratio respectively.   Pearson r Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation was used to determine the relationships of the parameters. The study revealed that females outnumbered males and the sex ratio for different month showed significant difference.  Spawning season was observed to occur in November and December as revealed in its GSI values and it synchronized with the full and new moon phases.  Fecundity is positively correlated with body weight, body size, and ovary weight where ovary weight is observed to be the best index for fecundity.  The results of this study could be used further for formal stock assessment of cutlassfish fishery.

scholarly journals The Role of Gut, Vaginal, and Urinary Microbiome in Urinary Tract Infections: From Bench to Bedside

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Tomislav Meštrović ◽  
Mario Matijašić ◽  
Mihaela Perić ◽  
Hana Čipčić Paljetak ◽  
Anja Barešić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Urinary Microbiome ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Paradigm

The current paradigm of urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogenesis takes into account the contamination of the periurethral space by specific uropathogens residing in the gut, which is followed by urethral colonization and pathogen ascension to the urinary bladder. Consequently, studying the relationship between gut microbiota and the subsequent development of bacteriuria and UTI represents an important field of research. However, the well-established diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm for urinary tract infections (UTIs) has come into question with the discovery of a multifaceted, symbiotic microbiome in the healthy urogenital tract. More specifically, emerging data suggest that vaginal dysbiosis may result in Escherichia coli colonization and prompt recurrent UTIs, while urinary microbiome perturbations may precede the development of UTIs and other pathologic conditions of the urinary system. The question is whether these findings can be exploited for risk reduction and treatment purposes. This review aimed to appraise the three aforementioned specific microbiomes regarding their potential influence on UTI development by focusing on the recent studies in the field and assessing the potential linkages between these different niches, as well as evaluating the state of translational research for novel therapeutic and preventative approaches.

scholarly journals Serotonin and Tryptophan Serum Concentrations in Shelter Dogs Showing Different Behavioural Responses to a Potentially Stressful Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Giacomo Riggio ◽  
Chiara Mariti ◽  
Valeria Sergi ◽  
Silvana Diverio ◽  
Angelo Gazzano
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relaxation Stress ◽  
Shelter Dogs ◽  
Stress Signals ◽  
The Relationship

In mammals, serotonin (5-HT) levels depend on the availability of tryptophan (TRP). Low 5-HT concentrations have been linked to behavioural disorders in dogs. This study aimed at investigating possible differences in dogs’ serum TRP and 5-HT concentrations according to their behavioural response to a potentially stressful procedure. Thirty-nine physically healthy shelter dogs, 15 females and 24 males, mean age = 5.6 years, were categorized by a certified veterinary behaviourist according to their behavioural response to medical examination and blood collection, in: relaxation, stress signals, tension without growling, tension with growling, escape attempts, and aggression attempts. Extraction and quantification of 5-HT and TRP were performed using a HLPC method. Data were statistically analysed, applying Chi-square and Spearman tests. Results showed no significant difference in TRP (χ2 = 2.084, p = 0.555) nor 5-HT (χ2 = 0.972, p = 0.808) serum concentrations among different categories of dogs; however, some categories were underrepresented (relaxation = 20.5%, stress signals = 30.8%, tension without growling = 43.6%, tension with growling = 5.1%, escape attempts = 0%, aggression attempts = 0%). No correlation between serum TRP and 5-HT concentrations was found (ρ = 0.086, p = 0.602). Serum 5-HT levels do not seem to be associated with dogs’ behavioural response to a stressful situation nor with serum TRP concentrations. The relationship between serum TRP and 5-HT concentrations and behaviour needs further research.

scholarly journals Oral D mannose in the prevention and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Porru ◽  
Annalisa De Silvestri ◽  
Edda Buffa ◽  
Catherine Klersy ◽  
Barbara Gardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

The results of several studies reveal that antibiotics may promote treatment resistance by causing alterations in the intestinal flora. The development of a gut reservoir of resistant bacteria promotes the development of UTIs through autoinfection. This review aims to address clinical reliability, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with oral D mannose for the prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (RUTI) in females. A comprehensive MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane search was performed for English language reports published before December 2018 using the term “recurrent urinary tract infections and D mannose” was carried out. We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from January 2010 to December 2018. Eligible studies did not include non-oral therapy, local (vaginal) treatment in women with recurrent UTIs. We identified eligible original articles. A few limitations of the review are the heterogeneity of the available studies, their different rational and aim, the assumption of D mannose for prophylaxis or treatment of recurrent UTIs. Oral D mannose performs well in the prevention of UTIs recurrences, significant improvement of urinary symptoms was observed, the disease- free time was longer in the groups of patients under prophylaxis with D mannose in comparison with control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin (PAC) etc. The review has limitations, as the studies are heterogeneous, the meta-analysis requires classifications that can also be arbitrary. Furthermore, single-arm studies are not included. Some of the authors found this evidence inconclusive, which results as a limitation of the study. D mannose prolonged the recurrence-free interval of recurrent UTIs, thus reducing the prolonged or cyclical use of antibiotics, improving clinical symptoms, with a significant difference between treatment and control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin). However, most clinical trials used an association of different substances commingled with D mannose, dosages and regimens of D mannose were different. For this reason, the evidence of the efficacy of D mannose remains low.

Evaluation of a Urinary Catheter with a Preconnected Closed Drainage Bag

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane DeGroot-Kosolcharoen ◽  
Rhonda Guse ◽  
Jeffrey M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Standard System ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Catheter Drainage ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractThe incidence of hacteriuria, significant urinary tract infection, and cost associated with the use of two urinary catheter drainage systems were evaluated in a population of hospitalized adult males. A commercially available device comprised of a Foley catheter attached with a heat-shrunk plastic seal to the tubing of a closed drainage hag (preconnected system) was compared with a standard system that had the Foley catheter attached to the closed drainage hag after it had been inserted. Using a randomized prospective design, the performance of the preconnected system in 97 patients was compared with that of the standard system in 105 patients. Catheters were left in place a mean of 6.4 and 7.6 days in the respective groups. Bacteriuria occurred after catheter insertion in 11.3% of patients receiving the preconnected system and 13.3% of patients receiving the standard system (not statistically significant). When bacteriuria developed, it occurred within seven days of catheter insertion in 50% of instances, irrespective of drainage system employed, suggesting that manipulations related to catheter insertion were important in initiating bacteriuria. Significant urinary tract infections occurred in only 2% of all patients studied. The higher cost for purchasing the preconnected system was not warranted for the population of patients studied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document