Our Future is Still the Future of 1973: Shell's Foresight and the Petrocultural Penumbra

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (103) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Jeff Diamanti
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Futures Trading ◽  
Energy Futures ◽  
And Function ◽  
Oil Crises ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Eventual Dominance

This article argues that the economic abstraction of fossil fuels into the medium of the market after 1973 makes its force and function in the global economy difficult to see, in the way that the source of a penumbra is obscured by the distribution of its effects over the visual field, but that Shell's invention of a unique (and now widely adopted) technique for scenarios thinking on the cusp of the 1970s oil crises helps us see the emergence of that recursive futurity in media res. Hence, while the eventual dominance of energy futures trading would, by the end of the 1980s, come to hold the present and future of the global economy to the concrete and abstract materialism of fossil fuels, the focus in this essay is on a novel form of writing that same future strategically and analytically moments before the energy market is restructured. The genealogy offered is of the so-called 'decision scenario' invented by Shell and it is interesting today for its redefinition of oil from commodity to medium of the market as such, narrating an emergent concept of oil that would eventually get actualised and operationalised in the financial sector over a decade later – even as it would recede from view in discussions of neoliberalism, the post-industrial, and postmodern culture.

scholarly journals Post COVID-19 Recovery and 2050 Climate Change Targets: Changing the Emphasis from Promotion of Renewables to Mandated Curtailment of Fossil Fuels in the EU Policies

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1347
Author(s):  
Kyriakos Maniatis ◽  
David Chiaramonti ◽  
Eric van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
The European Union

The present work considers the dramatic changes the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the global economy, with particular emphasis on energy. Focusing on the European Union, the article discusses the opportunities policy makers can implement to reduce the climate impacts and achieve the Paris Agreement 2050 targets. The analysis specifically looks at the fossil fuels industry and the future of the fossil sector post COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis first revises the fossil fuel sector, and then considers the need for a shift of the global climate change policy from promoting the deployment of renewable energy sources to curtailing the use of fossil fuels. This will be a change to the current global approach, from a relative passive one to a strategically dynamic and proactive one. Such a curtailment should be based on actual volumes of fossil fuels used and not on percentages. Finally, conclusions are preliminary applied to the European Union policies for net zero by 2050 based on a two-fold strategy: continuing and reinforcing the implementation of the Renewable Energy Directive to 2035, while adopting a new directive for fixed and over time increasing curtailment of fossils as of 2025 until 2050.

POSTINDUSTRIALIZATION AND DEINDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (199) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
V.A. Noskov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
National Security ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Industrial

The purpose of the publication is to assess the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization in the economies of both developed and developing countries. The importance of the crisis of the post-industrial paradigm for the development of the world economy, the application of this experience in the process of import substitution and the unfolding reindustrialization in Russia is noted. The analysis of the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization of the economy, its macro-regional features is carried out in the context of maintaining and developing Russia's economic security. The author's understanding of the problems and prospects of the development of import substitution and reindustrialization processes in the world is proposed. Import substitution is considered as part of the strategy of economic development and ensuring the national security of the country. It is proposed to build recommendations for improving the policy of import substitution and reindustrialization carried out by Russia, taking into account the author's developments.

scholarly journals A short review on the potential of coffee husk gasification for sustainable energy in Uganda

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert John Miito ◽  
Noble Banadda
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Coffee Farmers

Agricultural biomass is widely recognized as a clean and renewable energy source, with increasing potential to replace conventional fossil fuels in the energy market. Uganda, like other developing countries, has a high dependency (91%) on wood fuel, leading to environmental degradation. With a coffee production of 233 Metric Tonnes per annum, relating to 46.6 Mega Tonnes of coffee husks from processing, transforming these husks into syngas through gasification can contribute to resolving the existing energy challenges. The objective of this article is to briefly review the energy potential of coffee husks through gasification, and how the gasification process could increase energy recoveries for coffee farmers. Previous  findings indicate that the 46.6 Mega Tonnes per year of coffee husks generated in Uganda, with a heating value of 18.34 MJ/kg, is capable of generating 24 GWh of energy. This will address a 0.7% portion of the energy situation in Uganda, while protecting the environment.

scholarly journals Formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreation and tourism activity as a sign of structural reorganization of the economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Sych ◽  
Victoria Yavorska ◽  
Kateryna Kolomiyets
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Structural Reorganization ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Industrial Civilization ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Recreation And Tourism

Changes taking place in recent decades in the global economy have led to the formation and development of new highly differentiated inter-branch complexes, rather than separated industries. In the global economy, such reorganization is marked by the formation of new sectors of the economy, one of which is a sector of socio-natural types of economic activity. At the level of regions, new integration formations are developed - regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes (IcRC). The purpose of our study is to substantiate the formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreational and tourist activities (RTA) in the conditions of radical restructuring of the economy of post-industrial civilization. Inter-sectoral complex RTA is a set of different types of activities of the population - economic and non-economic, as well as leisure forms that provide the needs of the population of the region (countries) in recreation services, health improvement, healing and tourism, accompanying social services and recreational and tourist infrastructure. The study presents an author's vision of the composition and structuring of the regional inter-sectoral complex of recreation and tourism activity. The developed model of the inter-sectoral complex RTA covers all varieties of recreational activities with all its forms - tourism, organized recreation, unorganized (amateur) mass recreation, household recreation. The geographical bases for the formation of regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes are serving recreational and tourist resources - destinations that determine the specialization of the region by types of RTA. Depending on the level of development of RTA in the region, the RTA management systems may form. At the local and regional levels, the RTA nodes will be destinations - local and regional concentration of recreational and tourist resources with appropriate infrastructure. On the global (international) level, RTA retains a network form of a territorial organization, whose nodes are world centres and areas of tourism, as well as the main areas of formation of tourist flows.

The Revitalisation of Historical Buildings as a Factor Shaping the Development of Sustainable Cities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Rzasa ◽  
Marek Ogryzek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
North East ◽  
The Social ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
And Function ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Many Polish cities have objects in them that have ceased to function in accordance with their intended use, for one reason or another. These are often post-industrial objects and former military facilities. As a result of the social, political and economic transformations that have taken place in Poland over the years after the Second World War, these objects have lost the meaning of their existence and functioning. Quite often such objects also have a historical character, which may, under Polish law, serve to hinder the possibility of them being reused. A well prepared revitalisation is often the only way for such objects to regain their earlier functionality, or gain a new one. Selected examples of the revitalisation of historic buildings located in Olsztyn (the capital of Warmia and Mazury, the Voivodeship in North-East Poland) were analysed by the authors in this article, and the effects of such actions, connected to the development of the city, were presented. The study included examples of the revitalisation of post-industrial objects and former military facilities. The analysis was performed in the years 2010–2016. The history and previous functional status of the tested objects were presented, as well as their present form and function. The authors have performed a comprehensive analysis of the compliance of new functions of objects with the idea of the sustainable development of the city. The results show the extent to which the analysed activities comply with the principles of sustainable development, in social, economic and environmental terms.

Energy and Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-206
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Energy And Environment

This chapter examines the deep Texas-California divide over energy and environmental policies. The modern Texas economy was built on energy, and the state remains the nation’s leading producer. The state’s development of fracking has revolutionized the oil and gas industry and has helped the nation break its dependence on foreign oil. Texas has also increased its production of renewable energy, but believes the global economy will rely for the foreseeable future on fossil fuels and resists restrictions on these resources. California, by contrast, has become a global leader in the fight against climate change. It has aggressively regulated carbon emissions and mandated a massive switch to renewable energy sources. California is the only state that can impose emissions regulations more strict than federal standards. As power has shifted in Washington, California has alternated between translating its environmental policies into federal law and defending its policies from federal challenge.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate mitigation strategies in the energy sector on global land use and carbon balance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Engström ◽  
Mats Lindeskog ◽  
Stefan Olin ◽  
John Hassler ◽  
Benjamin Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Terrestrial Biosphere ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change-induced damage to the global economy and secure the livelihoods of future generations requires ambitious mitigation strategies. The introduction of a global carbon tax on fossil fuels is tested here as a mitigation strategy to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations and radiative forcing. Taxation of fossil fuels potentially leads to changed composition of energy sources, including a larger relative contribution from bioenergy. Further, the introduction of a mitigation strategy reduces climate change-induced damage to the global economy, and thus can indirectly affect consumption patterns and investments in agricultural technologies and yield enhancement. Here we assess the implications of changes in bioenergy demand as well as the indirectly caused changes in consumption and crop yields for global and national cropland area and terrestrial biosphere carbon balance. We apply a novel integrated assessment modelling framework, combining a climate-economy model, a socio-economic land-use model and an ecosystem model. We develop reference and mitigation scenarios based on the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) framework. Taking emissions from the land-use sector into account, we find that the introduction of a global carbon tax on the fossil fuel sector is an effective mitigation strategy only for scenarios with low population development and strong sustainability criteria (SSP1 "Taking the green road"). For scenarios with high population growth, low technological development and bioenergy production the high demand for cropland causes the terrestrial biosphere to switch from being a carbon sink to a source by the end of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Ensuring energy efficiency and ways to develop energy security

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 11047
Author(s):  
Alexey Efimiev ◽  
Olga Kutsygina ◽  
Margarita Agafonova ◽  
Andrei Chugunov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Fuel And Energy Sector

The paper assesses the relevant problems of the global energy paradigm, with emphasis on ensuring energy security. To solve this problem, the state and prospects of world energy markets and the forecast for their development are analyzed. The paper substantiates the importance of improving energy efficiency in Russia. It also analyzes and displays the most important aspects of global energy problems, highlights the dynamics of the global balance of energy consumption, analyzes the development of renewable energy sources. The study determined the place of fuel and energy sector in the global economy. Forecasts of global electricity consumption are presented. The paper focuses on the need for measures that contribute to overcoming energy threats in the global energy market.

Problems of Russian Oil Industry Integration in Global Energy Complex

Upravlenie ◽  
10.12737/5635 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Козеняшева ◽  
Margarita Kozenyasheva ◽  
Афанасьев ◽  
Valentin Afanasev
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Global System ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Industry Integration ◽  
Post Industrial

A study of problems and prospects related to Russian oil industry integration in the global energy complex, based on assessment of relationship and subordination of global system, structural economic and energy crises, that had occurred in the late XX century, played a pivotal role in the transition to the post-industrial era and led to cardinal changes in the global economy is considered in this paper.

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