Impact of Meat Consumption on the Health of People, the Animals They Eat, and the Earth's Resources

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Joyce D'Silva
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Breeding Ground ◽  
Health It ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

Food consumption has both direct, immediate impacts and longer-lasting effects on human health and wellbeing. This chapter considers the evidence behind the impact of animal foods on human health. It also reviews the impact of intensive animal production on the health and wellbeing of the animals themselves, including their breeding and conditions in which they are reared. The potential for factory farms to contribute to the global threat of antibiotic resistance and to be the breeding ground for a viral pandemic is also considered. Intensive animal farming is further adversely affecting the earth's resources of cereals, soy and water. The conclusion is that there is overwhelming evidence for a reduction in consumption of animal products on the grounds of health, the use of the earth's precious resources and the wellbeing of the animals consumed for food.

Recent Review on Subclass B1 Metallo-β-lactamases Inhibitors: Sword for Antimicrobial Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 756-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Kaushik ◽  
Manish Kaushik ◽  
Viney Lather ◽  
J.S. Dua
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Powerful Strategy

An emerging crisis of antibiotic resistance for microbial pathogens is alarming all the nations, posing a global threat to human health. The production of the metallo-β-lactamase enzyme is the most powerful strategy of bacteria to produce resistance. An efficient way to combat this global health threat is the development of broad/non-specific type of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors, which can inhibit the different isoforms of the enzyme. Till date, there are no clinically active drugs against metallo- β-lactamase. The lack of efficient drug molecules against MBLs carrying bacteria requires continuous research efforts to overcome the problem of multidrug-resistance bacteria. The present review will discuss the clinically potent molecules against different variants of B1 metallo-β-lactamase.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mouthwash on the Oropharyngeal Microbiota of Men Who Have Sex with Men: a Substudy of the OMEGA Trial

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica L. Plummer ◽  
Kate Maddaford ◽  
Gerald L. Murray ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Shivani Pasricha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Health It ◽  
Alternative Intervention ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Impact

Given the role of the oral microbiota in human health, it is important to understand if and how external factors influence its composition. Mouthwash use is common in some populations, and the use of antiseptic mouthwash has been proposed as an alternative intervention to prevent gonorrhea transmission.

scholarly journals Reduced Meat Consumption: from Multicriteria Argument Modelling to Agent-Based Social Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149
Author(s):  
Rallou Thomopoulos ◽  
Nicolas Salliou ◽  
Carolina Abreu ◽  
Vincent Cohen ◽  
Timothée Fouqueray
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

A second nutrition transition seems to be emerging towards more plant-based diets, curbing meat consumption in developed countries at the beginning of the 21st century. This shift suggests that rational arguments tend to influence an increasing number of individuals to adopt vegetarian diets. This work aimed to understand and simulate the impact of different types of messages on the choice to change food diets at the individual level, and the impact of the diffusion of opinions at the collective level. It provided two results: (1) a network of arguments around vegetarian diets is modelled using an abstract argumentation approach. Each argument, formalized by a node, was connected with other arguments by arrows, thus formalizing relationships between arguments. This methodology made it possible to formalize an argument network about vegetarian diets and to identify the importance of health arguments compared to ethical or other types of arguments. This methodology also identified key arguments as a result of their high centrality in being challenged or challenging other arguments. The results of constructing this argument network suggested that any controversy surrounding vegetarian diets will be polarized around such high centrality arguments about health. Even though few ethical arguments appeared in our network, the health arguments concerning the necessity or not of animal products for humans were indirectly connected with ethical choices towards vegetarian diets; (2) an agent-based simulation of the social diffusion of opinions and practices concerning meat consumption is then introduced. The purpose of this simulation was to capture the balance of vegetarian vs. meat-based diets. It contributes to modelling consumer choices by exploring the balance between individual values and external influences such as social pressure, communication campaigns and sanitary, environmental or ethical crises.

scholarly journals Red and processed meat consumption and purchasing behaviours and attitudes: impacts for human health, animal welfare and environmental sustainability

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2446-2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie Clonan ◽  
Paul Wilson ◽  
Judy A Swift ◽  
Didier G Leibovici ◽  
Michelle Holdsworth
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

AbstractObjectiveHigher intakes of red and processed meat are associated with poorer health outcomes and negative environmental impacts. Drawing upon a population survey the present paper investigates meat consumption behaviours, exploring perceived impacts for human health, animal welfare and the environment.DesignStructured self-completion postal survey relating to red and processed meat, capturing data on attitudes, sustainable meat purchasing behaviour, red and processed meat intake, plus sociodemographic characteristics of respondents.SettingUrban and rural districts of Nottinghamshire, East Midlands, UK, drawn from the electoral register.SubjectsUK adults (n 842) aged 18–91 years, 497 females and 345 males, representing a 35·6 % response rate from 2500 randomly selected residents.ResultsWomen were significantly more likely (P<0·01) to consume≤1 portion of meat/d compared with men. Females and older respondents (>60 years) were more likely to hold positive attitudes towards animal welfare (P<0·01). Less than a fifth (18·4 %) of the sample agreed that the impact of climate change could be reduced by consuming less meat, dairy products and eggs. Positive attitudes towards animal welfare were associated with consuming less meat and a greater frequency of ‘higher welfare’ meat purchases.ConclusionsHuman health and animal welfare are more common motivations to avoid red and processed meat than environmental sustainability. Policy makers, nutritionists and health professionals need to increase the public’s awareness of the environmental impact of eating red and processed meat. A first step could be to ensure that dietary guidelines integrate the nutritional, animal welfare and environmental components of sustainable diets.

Antibiotic resistance in grass and soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Tyrrell ◽  
Catherine M. Burgess ◽  
Fiona P. Brennan ◽  
Fiona Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the greatest threats to human health. The global overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and in agriculture has resulted in the proliferation and dissemination of a multitude of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Despite a large proportion of antibiotics being used in agriculture, little is understood about how this may contribute to the overall antibiotic resistance crisis. The use of manure in agriculture is a traditional and widespread practice and is essential for returning nutrients to the soil; however, the impact of continuous manure application on the environmental microbiome and resistome is unknown. The use of antibiotics in animal husbandry in therapeutic and sub-therapeutic doses creates a selective pressure for ARGs in the gut microbiome of the animal, which is then excreted in the faeces. Therefore, the application of manure to agricultural land is a potential route for the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from livestock to crops, animals and humans. It is of vital importance to understand the mechanisms behind ARG enrichment and its maintenance both on the plant and within the soil microbiome to mitigate the spread of this resistance to animals and humans. Understanding this link between human health, animal health, plant health and the environment is crucial to inform implementation of new regulations and practice regarding antibiotic use in agriculture and manure application, aimed at ensuring the antibiotic resistance crisis is not aggravated.

Using the transtheoretical model of behaviour change to analyse the impact of stopping exercise: a reflection

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (20) ◽  
pp. 1203-1205
Author(s):  
Lucy Scott ◽  
Tanya Andrewes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health It ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Leisure Facilities ◽  
The Impact

This article is an analytical reflection of the personal health journey of a first-year nursing student that was undertaken as part of a first-year unit of study. Focusing on social, physical and psychological aspects of health, it explores the impact of the cessation of exercise on her emotional and physical health and wellbeing. This is relevant to current practice as a result of COVID-19, which reduced opportunities for exercise for many people, whether because of self-isolation and lockdown restrictions on leisure facilities or increased workload and caring responsibilities, all of which affect health and wellbeing. The article is presented in the first person, reflecting the personal analysis it captures.

scholarly journals The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafieh Fakhlaei ◽  
Jinap Selamat ◽  
Alfi Khatib ◽  
Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis ◽  
Rashidah Sukor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Health It ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
The Impact

Honey is characterized as a natural and raw foodstuff that can be consumed not only as a sweetener but also as medicine due to its therapeutic impact on human health. It is prone to adulterants caused by humans that manipulate the quality of honey. Although honey consumption has remarkably increased in the last few years all around the world, the safety of honey is not assessed and monitored regularly. Since the number of consumers of honey adulteration have increased in recent years, their trust and interest in this valuable product has decreased. Honey adulterants are any substances that are added to the pure honey. In this regard, this paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the different types of adulteration, common sugar adulterants and detection methods, and draws a clear perspective toward the impact of honey adulteration on human health. Adulteration increases the consumer’s blood sugar, which can cause diabetes, abdominal weight gain, and obesity, raise the level of blood lipids and can cause high blood pressure. The most common organ affected by honey adulterants is the liver followed by the kidney, heart, and brain, as shown in several in vivo research designs.

scholarly journals Fighting Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital-Acquired Infections: Current State and Emerging Technologies in Disease Prevention, Diagnostics and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Avershina ◽  
Valeria Shapovalova ◽  
German Shipulin
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

Rising antibiotic resistance is a global threat that is projected to cause more deaths than all cancers combined by 2050. In this review, we set to summarize the current state of antibiotic resistance, and to give an overview of the emerging technologies aimed to escape the pre-antibiotic era recurrence. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey of &gt;150 original research and review articles indexed in the Web of Science using “antimicrobial resistance,” “diagnostics,” “therapeutics,” “disinfection,” “nosocomial infections,” “ESKAPE pathogens” as key words. We discuss the impact of nosocomial infections on the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria, give an overview over existing and developing strategies for faster diagnostics of infectious diseases, review current and novel approaches in therapy of infectious diseases, and finally discuss strategies for hospital disinfection to prevent MDR bacteria spread.

ANALISIS DETERMINAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN PERIODE 1999-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Ersalina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
World Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, Electric Consumption, and Meat Consumption on CO2 emissions of 41 countries in the world using panel data from 1999 to 2013. After analyzing 41 countries in the world data, furthermore 17 countries in Asia was analyzed with the same period. This study utilized quantitative approach with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The results of 41 countries in the world data indicates that Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, and Meat Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities which measured by CO2 emissions. Whilst the results of 17 countries in Asia data implies that Foreign Direct Investment, Energy Consumption, and Electric Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities. However, Gross Domestic Product and Meat Consumption does not affect Environmental Qualities.

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