Recent Review on Subclass B1 Metallo-β-lactamases Inhibitors: Sword for Antimicrobial Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 756-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Kaushik ◽  
Manish Kaushik ◽  
Viney Lather ◽  
J.S. Dua
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Powerful Strategy

An emerging crisis of antibiotic resistance for microbial pathogens is alarming all the nations, posing a global threat to human health. The production of the metallo-β-lactamase enzyme is the most powerful strategy of bacteria to produce resistance. An efficient way to combat this global health threat is the development of broad/non-specific type of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors, which can inhibit the different isoforms of the enzyme. Till date, there are no clinically active drugs against metallo- β-lactamase. The lack of efficient drug molecules against MBLs carrying bacteria requires continuous research efforts to overcome the problem of multidrug-resistance bacteria. The present review will discuss the clinically potent molecules against different variants of B1 metallo-β-lactamase.

Surveillance and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Slaughtered Pigs in Spain

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL JESÚS ASTORGA MÁRQUEZ ◽  
AURORA ECHEITA SALABERRIA ◽  
ALFONSO MALDONADO GARCÍA ◽  
SILVIA VALDEZATE JIMENEZ ◽  
ALFONSO CARBONERO MARTINEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

The prevalence of and the antibiotic resistance shown by Salmonella isolated from pigs in Andalusia (southern Spain) is reported. Salmonella enterica was recovered from 40 (33%) of 121 sampled herds, and a total of 65 isolates were serotyped. The most common Salmonella serotypes were Typhimurium and Rissen (30.7% each); others included Derby (9.2%), Brandenburg (9.2%), Newport (7.7%), Bredeney (4.6%), Anatum (3.0%), Hadar (1.5%), and Goldcoast (1.5%). One strain (1.5%) belonging to the monophasic variant of the Typhimurium serotype (Salmonella 4,5,12:i:−) was also detected. Definitive phage type (DT) 104b was the most common Typhimurium phage type isolated. These Salmonella strains were resistant to various antimicrobial agents, including tetracycline (84.6%), streptomycin (69.2%), neomycin (63.0%), sulfonamides (61.5%), ampicillin (53.8%), and amoxicillin (53.8%). All isolates were fully susceptible to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and colistin. Thirty-nine strains (64%) resistant to four or more antimicrobial agents were defined as multidrug resistant. Multidrug resistance profiles were observed in Salmonella serotypes Typhimurium, Rissen, Brandenburg, Bredeney, a monophasic variant, Gold-coast, Hadar, and Anatum, with serotypes Typhimurium and Brandenburg showing the most complicated resistance patterns (resistant to ≥11 drugs).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from the Nasal Cavity of Camels in Samburu, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties of Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Mutua ◽  
C. G. Gitao ◽  
L. C. Bebora ◽  
F. K. Mutua
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Normal Flora

This study was designed to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from the nasal cavity of healthy camels. A total of 255 nasal samples (swabs) were collected in Isiolo, Samburu, and Nakuru counties, Kenya, from which 404 bacterial isolates belonging to various genera and species were recovered. The bacterial isolates included Bacillus (39.60%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (29.95%), Streptococcus species other than Streptococcus agalactiae (25.74%), coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (3.96%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (0.74%). Isolates were most susceptible to Gentamicin (95.8%), followed by Tetracycline (90.5%), Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol (each at 85.3%), Sulphamethoxazole (84.2%), Co-trimoxazole (82.1%), Ampicillin (78.9%), and finally Streptomycin (76.8%). This translated to low resistance levels. Multidrug resistance was also reported in 30.5% of the isolates tested. Even though the antibiotic resistance demonstrated in this study is low, the observation is significant, since the few resistant normal flora could be harboring resistance genes which can be transferred to pathogenic bacteria within the animal, to other animals’ bacteria and, most seriously, to human pathogens.

scholarly journals What Will it Take to Address the Global Threat of Antibiotic Resistance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Hoffman ◽  
Kevin Outterson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Economic Tools

Of the many global health challenges facing the world today, only a small number require global collective action. Most health challenges can be fully addressed through action at local, regional or national levels.What kind of actions must be taken to address the global threat of antibiotic resistance (ABR)? What legal, political and economic tools might be needed to achieve this level of action?In March 2015 the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation convened a workshop in Uppsala, Sweden to address these questions in partnership with the Global Strategy Lab, the Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics (JLME), the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, and ReAct — Action on Antibiotic Resistance. Eleven concise articles were commissioned to explore whether ABR depended on global collective action, and if so, what tools could help states and non-state actors to achieve it.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus Isolates Recovered in a Veterinary University Hospital

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Sancho ◽  
Sergio Alvarez-Perez ◽  
Teresa Garcia-Seco ◽  
Marta Hernandez ◽  
David Rodríguez-Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Species Level ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Level Identification

The Staphylococcus pseudintermedius group (SIG) is an emerging threat in veterinary medicine, particularly methicillin-resistant (MRSP) isolates, which are frequently associated with multidrug resistance. Reliable identification of SIG members is critical to establish correct antimicrobial treatments. However, information on the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSP in some regions is still limited. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial resistance of SIG isolates recovered from animals at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Complutense University of Madrid (Spain) during a 10-year period (2007–2016). A total of 139 selected Staphylococcus isolates were subjected to species-level identification by different bioanalytical techniques (PCR, VITEK, MALDI-TOF) and subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Methicillin-resistant isolates (n = 20) were subjected to whole genome sequencing for further characterization of their antibiotic resistance determinants. Our results showed that there was a good correlation between PCR and MALDI-TOF identification, whereas VITEK showed very divergent results, thus confirming MALDI-TOF as a good alternative for species-level identification of coagulase-positive staphylococci. Notably, S. pseudintermedius, including the epidemic MRSP genotype ST71, was the only SIG species found among canine isolates. In addition, we found a high prevalence of multidrug resistance and resistance to fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins and macrolides. Finally, diverse genes associated with antibiotic resistance were detected among MRSP isolates, although the genetic basis of some of the resistant phenotypes (particularly to fluoroquinolones) could not be determined. In conclusion, our study reveals the circulation of MRSP in the veterinary setting in Spain, thus highlighting the emerging threat posed by this bacterial group and the need for further epidemiological surveillance.

scholarly journals Whole Genome Sequence-Based Prediction of Resistance Determinants in High-Level Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni Isolates in Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Jurgita Aksomaitiene ◽  
Aleksandr Novoslavskij ◽  
Egle Kudirkiene ◽  
Ausra Gabinaitiene ◽  
Mindaugas Malakauskas
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
High Level

Spread of antibiotic resistance via mobile genetic elements associates with transfer of genes providing resistance against multiple antibiotics. Use of various comparative genomics analysis techniques enables to find intrinsic and acquired genes associated with phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter jejuni genome sequences with exceptionally high-level multidrug resistance. In this study, we used whole genome sequences of seven C. jejuni to identify isolate-specific genomic features associated with resistance and virulence determinants and their role in multidrug resistance (MDR). All isolates were phenotypically highly resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone (MIC range from 64 to ≥256 µg/mL). Besides, two C. jejuni isolates were resistant to gentamicin, and one was resistant to erythromycin. The extensive drug-resistance profiles were confirmed for the two C. jejuni isolates assigned to ST-4447 (CC179). The most occurring genetic antimicrobial-resistance determinants were tetO, beta-lactamase, and multidrug efflux pumps. In this study, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected in genomic islands carrying genes that confer resistance to MDR, underline their importance for disseminating antibiotic resistance in C. jejuni. The genomic approach showed a diverse distribution of virulence markers, including both plasmids and phage sequences that serve as horizontal gene transfer tools. The study findings describe in silico prediction of AMR and virulence genetics determinants combined with phenotypic AMR detection in multidrug-resistant C. jejuni isolates from Lithuania.

scholarly journals Bacterial Resistance in Ophthalmology – Resistance Profile, Influencing Factors and Prevention Methods. A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Matei POPA-CHERECHEANU ◽  
◽  
Alina POPA-CHERECHEANU ◽  
Dan George DELEANU ◽  
Mihai Aurelian GHITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Topical Antibiotics ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
New Treatments

Ocular infections vary greatly in severity. Studies have tried to identify certain patterns related to the ocular microbiome in the studied populations in order to identify risk populations, new treatments and prophylaxis guidelines. However, it is critical to determine which antibiotics should be used in various situations and where alternatives to antibiotics are appropriate. Results of many studies show that high levels of antibiotic resistance in ophthalmology and multidrug resistance continue to be a reality and a challenge today. Iodine-povidone and chlorhexidine are two major antiseptics used in ophthalmology. It is hoped that future reports show good results without the use of antibiotics will encourage ophthalmologists to limit the use of topical antibiotics, reducing the rate of antimicrobial resistance.

Impact of Meat Consumption on the Health of People, the Animals They Eat, and the Earth's Resources

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Joyce D'Silva
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Breeding Ground ◽  
Health It ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

Food consumption has both direct, immediate impacts and longer-lasting effects on human health and wellbeing. This chapter considers the evidence behind the impact of animal foods on human health. It also reviews the impact of intensive animal production on the health and wellbeing of the animals themselves, including their breeding and conditions in which they are reared. The potential for factory farms to contribute to the global threat of antibiotic resistance and to be the breeding ground for a viral pandemic is also considered. Intensive animal farming is further adversely affecting the earth's resources of cereals, soy and water. The conclusion is that there is overwhelming evidence for a reduction in consumption of animal products on the grounds of health, the use of the earth's precious resources and the wellbeing of the animals consumed for food.

scholarly journals MLST Genotypes and Antibiotic Resistance ofCampylobacterspp. Isolated from Poultry in Grenada

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Stone ◽  
Margaret Davis ◽  
Katherine Baker ◽  
Tom Besser ◽  
Rohini Roopnarine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Host Species ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Sequence Types

This study determined whether multilocus sequence types (MLST) ofCampylobacterfrom poultry in 2 farms in Grenada, West Indies, differed by farm, antimicrobial resistance and farm antibiotic use. Farm A used fluoroquinolones in the water and Farm B used tetracyclines. The E-test was used to determine resistance of isolates to seven antibiotics. PCR of theIpxAgene confirmed species and MLST was used to characterize 38 isolates. All isolates were eitherC. jejuniorC. coli. Farm antibiotic use directly correlated with antimicrobial resistance ofCampylobacterisolates. Almost 80% of the isolates from Farm A were fluoroquinolone resistant and 17.9% of the isolates from Farm B were fluoroquinolone resistant. AllCampylobacterisolates from Farm A were tetracycline sensitive, whereas 35.7% of isolates from Farm B were tetracycline resistant. Six previously recognized sequence types (STs) and 2 novel STs were identified. Previously recognized STs were those overwhelmingly reported from poultry and humans globally. Isolates with the same ST did not always have the same antibiotic resistance profile. There was little ST overlap between the farms suggesting that within-farm transmission ofCampylobactergenotypes may dominate. MLST typing was useful for trackingCampylobacterspp. among poultry units and can help elucidateCampylobacterhost-species population structure and its relevance to human health.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to antibiotics in escherichiae isolated in a multidisciplinary medical centre

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Nadezda S. Kozlova ◽  
Natalia E. Barantsevich ◽  
Elena P. Barantsevich
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
High Level

Relevance. Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial strains currently presents a very important problem.  Aim of the study: Study of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, isolated in a multidisciplinary centre.  Materials and Methods. Susceptibility of 151 E. coli strains to 15 antibiotics was studied by microdilution method. Results. The majority of the studied strains were resistant to antibiotics, including: ampicillin (57.0%), ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin (42.4% each), III and IV generation cephalosporins (37.1% and 34.4%, respectively) and gentamycin (29.1%). The highest activity against E. coliwas shown for carbapenems (resistance to erthapenem – 2.6%, meropenem – 0.7%), in particular, for imipenem – no strains resistant to this drug were isolated. Resistance to amikacin and phosphomycin was low: 3.3% and 1.3% respectively. Wide diversity of antibiotic resistance spectra was revealed in studied strains, with a high level of multidrug resistance (48.0%). Conclusion. Study of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents in E. coli, isolated in a multidisciplinary centre, showed predominance of resistant strains with a high level of multidrug resistance. The appearance of carbapenem-resistant strains in a multidisciplinary centre presents a rising problem.

Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance Through Nanoantibiotics

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-86
Author(s):  
Krishnanand Nagarajan ◽  
Sathish Kumar Perumal ◽  
Sathish Kumar Marimuthu ◽  
Selvamani Palanisamy ◽  
Latha Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Global Threat

In recent years, the irrational use of antibiotics has escalated the evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. The infectious diseases caused by these MDR bacterial strains remain a major threat to human health and have emerged as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The WHO and CDC have expressed serious concern regarding the continued increase in the development of multidrug resistance among bacteria. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a severe global threat of growing concern to human health and economic burden. Bacteria have developed the ability to resist antimicrobials by altering target site/enzyme, inactivation of the enzyme, decreasing cell permeability, increasing efflux due to over-expression of efflux pumps, target protection, target overproduction, and many other ways. The shortage of new antimicrobials and rapid rise in antibiotic resistance demands pressing need to develop alternate antibacterial agents.

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