Reallocation of Water Resources in the Arab Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 321-337
Author(s):  
Otieno Odhiambo Luther
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Equitable Distribution ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Governance Challenges

Water is an integral part of ecosystems. Water is essential to earth's living creatures and central to maintaining the earth's ecosystems. In most of the world, both water quantity and quality problems are becoming more acute, since the available water resources are being over-utilized and stressed beyond the sustainability point. The contemporary global water crises including inefficient use and lack of equitable distribution are mainly due to the crises of governance. Water governance emerged as a comprehensive framework by replacing all the existing paradigms including integrated water resource management. Though water governance focuses many aspects in ensuring sustainable use of water resources and its equitable distribution, reallocation of water resources may be the most appropriate policy option to achieve these objectives. Reallocation will systematically address the uneven distribution of water resources across the sectors and prevent excessive allocation of water to a particular sector. Based on secondary sources, this chapter analyzes the challenges involved in water governance in terms of water reallocation in the Arab countries where the allocation of water for agriculture is very high. Addressing water scarcity in the Arab region lies mainly in effectively managing the growing demand. Major water governance challenges with respect reallocation of water resources are tariff, metering, and billing, which led to the excessive use in an unprecedented manner.

Water Governance and Management in Indus Basin - Challenges & Threats

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marium Sara Minhas Bandeali
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The State ◽  
Indus Basin

Water governance and management are important challenges for the River Indus Basin in Pakistan. Water governance refers to social, political and economic factors that influence water management. The water scarcity and water security are a major concern for the state to control its water resources. The study aims to give Sindh water policy by exploring the challenges to Indus Basin in managing water resources and to identify opportunities Indus Basin can look to improve water management. Interviews were conducted from water experts and analysts having 5 years’ experience or more in the water sector of Pakistan through a semi-structured self-developed questionnaire using purposive sampling technique and transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The findings show that increasing population, climatic change and rising demand of water are major challenges Indus is facing and Indus with time is getting water-scarce therefore need strong institutions, civil society and legislatures to ensure equitable distribution of water and maintain the ecosystem. The study emphasizes that water governance and management are necessary for sustainable use of water. Pakistan, the water stress country needs to address ‘governance’ at a wider scale to solve problems in the Indus Basin for the livelihood of people. The research will benefit the state, water experts, institutions as well as civil society to promote efficient use of water in Indus Basin.

Water supply reservoirs vigilance program in Seville (southwest Spain): a useful tool for active water resource management

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
A. Díaz ◽  
A. Basanta ◽  
C. Escot
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Transfer Strategies ◽  
Four Levels

With nearly 30 years' experience of managing stored surface water for water supply, the Municipal Water and Sewage Company of Seville (EMASESA), has introduced a Water Supply Natural Resources Vigilance Program. It consists of four levels that are mutually complementary: early warning system; vigilance of raw water resources; research; and integration of limnological knowledge. Selecting the reservoir that should be used, intake depth, transfer strategies, etc, are some examples of active management that this Vigilance Program allows us to achieve. Guaranteeing high quality raw water resources, at all times, which therefore favours their treatment, is one of the priority objectives for EMASESA. This is because it not only has repercussions from an economic point of view but it also contributes to the efficient and sustainable use of water resources.

scholarly journals Trans-boundary water conflicts between Bangladesh and India: water governance practice for conflict resolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Parven ◽  
MS Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Water Conflicts

Bangladesh and India Sharing fifty-four trans-boundary rivers water that flows from India to Bangladesh. Bangladesh is mostly dependent on India for their water and has no control over the water shed management policy of the rivers. Being a smaller, weaker military and economy than India, Bangladesh cannot influence the watershed management policies and face floods and water scarcity, reducing yield production and fish productivity, an ecological imbalance in estuarine areas, saline water intrusion in the southwestern part of Bangladesh and reduced navigation. Water governance is the combination of the political, social, economic and administrative system, which manage the water resources and provide services in the different level of society. Based on the water governance definition the researchers find out the different stakeholder in the management of water governance and the lack of practices of the theoretical concept of water governance and try to indicate the possibilities of the better solutions (Conflict or cooperation) of this trans-boundary water conflicts between both countries. The paper also compared the present negotiation process with different kinds of modes of wicked problem in water resource management. The study recommends few suggestions to minimize the conflict over the utilization of trans-boundary water resources management for example, a hydro-community like EU water framework Directive that is based on the soft power of peer review rather than a penalizing measure.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (1): 79-84, June, 2018

scholarly journals Ebbs and Flows of Authority: Decentralization, Development and the Hydrosocial Cycle in Lesotho

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Workman
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Management Responsibility ◽  
Government Provision

Dominant development discourse holds that water scarcity reflects geophysical limitations, lack of infrastructure or lack of government provision. However, this paper outlines the ways in which scarcity can only be fully explained in the context of development, specifically, neoliberal economic policies and related notions of good governance. Water is Lesotho’s primary natural resource, yet many of its inhabitants remain severely water insecure. Presently, decentralization and Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) are embraced in Lesotho as a philosophy and method to engage varied stakeholders and to empower community members. Using a water committee in Qalo, Lesotho as a case study, this paper explores the micro-politics of water governance. As individuals contest who is responsible for managing water resources for the village—by aligning themselves with traditional chiefs, elected officials, or neither—they transform or reinforce specific hydro-social configurations. While decentralized resource management aims to increase equity and local ownership over resources, as well as moderate the authority of traditional chiefs, water access is instead impacted by conflicts over management responsibility for water resources. Drawing on theories of political ecology and governmentality to extend recent scholarship on IWRM, this paper re-centers the political in water governance by situating local tensions within national policies and development agendas and demonstrating how scarcity is hydro-social.

scholarly journals Achievable sustainable use and management of water resources for irrigation in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Oghenenyoreme Eyankware ◽  
Ezekiel Obinna Igwe ◽  
Christopher Ogwah ◽  
Ruth Oghenerukevwe Eyankware Ulakpa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Sustainable Use And Management ◽  
Source Of Pollution

Water resource is available in Nigeria to meet demand for domestic, agricultural and industrial use, if well enhanced and protected from various source of pollution. However, less information is available on suitability of water resources for irrigation in Nigeria. This article reviews literature of  past few years with regards to influence of geogenic and anthropogenic activities on water resource for irrigation purpose in Nigeria and also to explain the current state of suitability of water resource for irrigation studies in Nigeria and gaps in studies. It also summarizes future ways on water resource management and preventive measure for water resource pollution for irrigation. Related articles were downloaded from Google scholar in water-related issues. This paper tends to review previous article on water resource in Nigeria, and its suitability for irrigation. The primary aim of this paper is to produce a synoptic overview of the water resources in Nigeria and its suitability for irrigation. From paper reviewed it was observed that 89 % of water resources were considered suitable for irrigation. 

scholarly journals Improving New Zealand water governance: challenges and recommendations

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Eppel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
New Zealanders

Our lives and our livelihoods depend on fresh water. Our cities and the appeal of our countryside to New Zealanders and tourists alike are based on plentiful supplies of fresh water. The overwhelming majority of New Zealand’s exports – not least agricultural and horticultural – require water, and in large quantities. Indeed, in many respects water is New Zealand’s largest export. Yet the management of our fresh water has not been ideal. We have over-allocated, and badly polluted some of our water resources. Such problems point to significant weaknesses in the governance of fresh water in this country. This article explores these governance issues through a complex adaptive systems lens and outlines some possible solutions.

Towards Better Water Governance through Implementing IWRM in the Li River Basin, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Chang Bo Qin ◽  
Yang Wen Jia ◽  
Hans T.A Bressers ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Z. Su
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Departure Point

Environmental degradation and unsustainable use of water resources has become an obstacle to further economic development and the well-being of the population in the Li River basin. This paper explores the concept and principles of integrated water resources management (IWRM) in relation to their applicability to the Li River basin. The assessment on its physical and socioeconomic characteristics and its current institutional systems in the Li River Basin provides an appreciation of the whole river basin. Sectoral fragmentation and the absence of coordination mechanism (or body) are identified as the institutional factors in this study that caused water related issues. In order to overcome shortfalls of the current fragmented management system, formation of Watershed Management Committee is highly recommended as the core of reforming efforts, which is expected to coordinate effective planning and implementation of equitable, efficient and sustainable use of natural resources in the basin with a view to improving the sustainability of its economic development. Several other reform recommendations are also provided and expected to be a departure point towards better water governance in the Li River basin through the implementation of IWRM. Lastly we explore to what extent the proposed recommendations would be supported by the current national policy framework.

scholarly journals Water Systems Strategy Relation with Horticultural Crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Attia El Gayar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Horticultural Crops

Integrated water management means putting all the pieces together. Social, environmental, and technical aspects must be taken into consideration. Issues of concern include: providing forums; Reshaping planning processes; Coordination of land and water resources management; Identify the links between water sources and water quality; Develop protocols for integrated watershed management; Addressing institutional challenges; Protecting and restoring natural systems; Reformulation of existing projects; Knowing the views of society; Clarify education and communication risks; Technology standardization and policy; Form partnerships and emphasize preventive measures. The highest priority for water resource management is to increase the demand for water with limited water resources. Water resources are the foundation for sustainable development, so a sustainable approach must be based on the use and management of water resources. In the twenty-first century, the world faces a major water crisis. The problems stem from errors in the management of water resources. Consequently, the sustainable use of water resources is crucial for humanity. Sustainable development is defined as the goals of supply and today's needs without jeopardizing the goals and requirements of future generations. Long-term goals should be considered instead of short-term goals in assessing water resources. This approach forms the idea of integrated water resource management for horticultural crops. This paper describes the evolution of water use in relation to productivity, how irrigation systems have developed and managed, and a strategy to explore challenges and opportunities for water conservation in horticulture crops.

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