Word Formation Study in Developing Naming Guidelines in the Translation of English Medical Terms Into Persian

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Effective Translation

Lack of appropriate equivalences for terms or technical words is the result of ineffective translation guidelines adopted in the translation process. This chapter provides a comparative analysis of the characteristics of Persian medical terms, using the universal naming guidelines and local naming principles in Persian. The aim of the study is to determine the similarities and differences of the compatible and incompatible terms (Persian equivalents) with respect to the applied translation procedures and the employed word formation processes. The descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis were employed to analyze the collected data which consisted of a population of 339 English medical terms and their pairs in Persian. The research was based on two theoretical frameworks, namely Sager's naming criteria and word designation principles by the Persian Language and Literature Academy to investigate the effective translation procedures and word formation parameters for the translation of English medical terms into Persian through morphosemantic comparison of the terms.

Word Formation Study in Developing Naming Guidelines in the Translation of English Medical Terms Into Persian

2018 ◽  
pp. 5136-5147
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Effective Translation

Lack of appropriate equivalences for terms or technical words is the result of ineffective translation guidelines adopted in the translation process. This study provides a comparative analysis of the characteristics of Persian medical terms, using the universal naming guidelines and local naming principles in Persian. The aim of the study is to determine the similarities and differences of the compatible and incompatible terms (Persian equivalents) with respect to the applied translation procedures and the employed word formation processes. The descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis were employed to analyse the collected data which consisted of a population of 339 English medical terms and their pairs in Persian. The research was based on two theoretical frameworks, namely Sager's naming criteria and word designation principles by the Persian Language and Literature Academy to investigate the effective translation procedures and word formation parameters for the translation of English medical terms into Persian through morphosemantic comparison of the terms.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF SUBSTANTIVISATION IN THE HUNGARIAN LANGUAGE IN COMPARISON WITH RUSSIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213
Author(s):  
Antonina Petrovna Guskova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Russian Linguistics ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Semantic Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
First Time

Recently transposition became the issue of many research papers for being a complicated and sophisticated language phenomenon, and its definition has been broadened. The issue of transposition and the degrees of verb transitivity are the most controversial and difficult ones both in Hungarian and Russian linguistics. This issue may be investigated on different language levels: lexical, syntactic, morphological and on the level of word formation. Taking into account the mobility of parts of speech boundaries in the compared languages we attempt to find the cause of words transitioning from one lexico-grammatical class into another, investigate transposition as a natural phenomenon both for the Hungarian and Russian languages, differentiate transition in parts of the speech system from other language phenomena, solve some contentious issues regarding parts of speech, for example ‘noun-adjective’ relations, and others. Despite having extensive literature concerning nominalization in Russian linguistics and some works in Hungarian linguistics, some aspects are not comprehensively covered in them. For example, different types of transitions from other parts of speech into nouns, thorough semantic and thematic categorization of substantivized words, characteristics of their functioning in texts of different functional styles, principles of creating lexicography, etc. In this article we compare the process of substantivation amidst the system of parts of speech in languages of such different structure as Hungarian and Russian. Comprehensive and comparative study of the process of transition of other parts of speech into nouns allows us to conduct a deeper investigation of each of these languages’ structure and also to reveal typological similarities and differences between them. These languages have not been explored this way so it provides scientific novelty to the research. For the first time we define the main conditions of a systematic process of transposition in Hungarian and Russian and reveal both specific and universal opportunities for transition in the compared languages. We use comparative analysis for researching semantic models of substantivized words, distinguish different types of transitions into nouns and describe structural and stylistic features. Thus, the topic of the research is the grammatical, semantic, structural and stylistic features of substantivized words in Hungarian and Russian. The objective of the study is to discover linguistic nature of substantivation of adjectives, verbs and verbal formations, numerals and pronouns, to find out specific and universal features caused by typological differences of the researched languages. To achieve this goal we need to solve the following problems: determining the place of substantivation in the system of word formation in Hungarian and Russian, discovering how much substantivation and conversion being productive ways of word formation are identical in Russian and Hungarian, distinguishing semantic models of substantivized words and compare them, comparing models of usual and occasional substantivation and determine its productivity, studying their structure which means showing peculiarities of substantivized words’ grammatical structure in Hungarian and Russian, discovering similarities and differences between them and finding adequate models. The research is based on data of dictionaries of Russian and Hungarian languages, examples of fictional texts, live speech and not the least on the idioms. Theoretical importance lies in the following: 1) the research develops the theory of transitivity as we study transposition in two languages of different structures using comparative analysis of substantivized words and taking into account grammatical, semantic and functional aspects; 2) using the materials of two languages of different structures we discover the main conditions of systematic transposition and distinguish its universal and specific features; 3) for the first time the problem of transposition is studied on the basis of Russian and Hungarian from a theoretical point of view (on the example of transition of other parts of speech into nouns); 4) we develop the methodology of a comprehensive approach to study substantivation in Hungarian and Russian which can be used when describing this phenomenon in other languages of different structures.

scholarly journals WORD-FORMATION MEANS OF VERBALIZITION OF CONCEPTS "PERSISTENCE" AND "STUBBORNNESS" IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1090
Author(s):  
Xu Lili
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Sign Property ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Russian Language

This article is devoted to the analysis of word-formation means of objectification of spiritual concepts “persistence” and “stubbornness” in the Russian language. The study of semantic features, derivational relations between lexical units in word-formation nests allows us to identify several cognitive features of the studied concepts. Comparative analysis shows similarities and differences between concepts “persistence” and “stubbornness” in terms of the word-formation means of their representation. The similarities lie in the fact that units in both word-formation nests are expressing “action, behavior” and “sign, property”. The differences are manifested in the fact that the word-formation field of the concept of "persistence" is characterized by metaphorical motivating connections in terms of describing the object, and the features of the representation of the concept of "stubbornness" in the word-formation aspect are mainly manifested in productivity in terms of the formation of verbs, in indicating the carrier of the property, and also in the high degree of its representation.

scholarly journals Substantive Suffixal Adjectives with the Semantics of Intensity in the Russian Language: A Systemic Functional Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Fangfang Liu ◽  
◽  
V.A. Kosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Additional Component ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Russian Language

Comparative analysis of substantive adjectives with the suffixes -at-, -ast-, -ist-, all having a common additional component of intensity in their derivational semantics, was performed. The adjectives were considered within a series of derivational means used to express the semantic category of intensity. The study is relevant due to the necessity to create a fundamentally new and cognitively oriented description of word-formation units of the Russian language from the standpoint of the systemic functional approach. The purpose of the study was to establish the systemic and categorical status of substantive suffixal adjectives with the semantics of intensity, as well as their functional correlations. Conclusions were made about the subcategorizing character of this meaning in the field of mutational semantics of Russian adjectives (the systemic status of its carriers is a derivational subtype with the suffix -ast- and word-formation subtypes with the suffixes -at-, -ist-). Functional features of the derivatives with each suffix were defined. Similarities and differences between them were revealed. Their systemic and functional relationship (synonymy and parallelism) was established. Zones of functional dominance were found.

A Comparative Analysis of Two Qualitative Methods: Deciding Between Grounded Theory and Phenomenology for Your Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Masoodi Marjan
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Research Students

Abstract The purpose of this article is to compare two qualitative approaches that can be used in different researches: phenomenology and grounded theory. This overview is done to (1) summarize similarities and differences between these two approaches, with attention to their historical development, goals, methods, audience, and products (2) familiarize the researchers with the origins and details of these approaches in the way that they can make better matches between their research question(s) and the goals and products of the study (3) discuss a brief outline of each methodology along with their origin, essence and procedural steps undertaken (4) illustrate how the procedures of data analysis (coding), theoretical memoing and sampling are applied to systematically generate a grounded theory (5) briefly examine the major challenges for utilizing two approaches in grounded theory, the Glaserian and Straussian. As a conclusion, this overview reveals that it is essential to ensure that the method matches the research question being asked, helps the researchers determine the suitability of their applied approach and provides a continues training for the novice researchers, especially PhD or research students who lack solid knowledge and background experience in multiple research methods.

A Sociology of Knowledge on Humanitarianism and Displacement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estella Carpi ◽  
Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Sociology Of Knowledge ◽  
Global South ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
East Region ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Postcolonial History ◽  
Middle East Region

In this chapter, the authors endeavor to build a sociology of knowledge of studies conducted on humanitarianism and war-induced displacement in the Middle East region, considering the cases of Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, and Turkey in particular. A comparative analysis suggests that similarities and differences across the literature are not always motivated by specific forms of state governmentality. In this framework, postcolonial history seems to provide partial explanations. As a result, the displacement and humanitarianism literature need to transcend the state paradigm and focus on a larger variety of social and political factors. While most scholars have examined the work of the United Nations and of international institutions in the region, the authors highlight the need to learn from multilingual literature, especially that produced in the Global South, and from a deeper investigation of the principles and modalities of crisis management developed by actors from the Global South.

National conceptual sphere as a criterion of literary translation authenticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Aigul Yessentemirova ◽  
Kuralay Urazaeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Reliable Criterion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The paper is focused on the study of literary translation as a type of rhetorical communication. The subject being analysed is that national conceptual sphere can be a reliable criterion for the authenticity of translation. The topic of the research is that national conceptual sphere regarded as a means of illocutionary influence and a source of differences in rhetorical conscience of the author of the original text as well as the translator and the addressee. A comparative analysis of Russian and Kazakh translations of Robert Burns’ ballad “John Barleycorn” is carried out. The comparison is based on the structure of rhetorical communication, national conceptual sphere, prosody parameters and genre features. The similarities and differences of the translations are specified. The similarities are shown in referential, strophic and genre proximity of the original and translations.

scholarly journals Nordic Comparative Analysis of Guidelines for Quality and Content in Early Childhood Education

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Christine Vallberg Roth
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Curriculum Studies ◽  
Construction Quality ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Comparative Nature

The article is based on a project intended to further develop understanding of similarities and differences in Nordic binding guidelines and non-binding guidance for content and quality in early childhood education. The study is of a descriptive and comparative nature and the process is based on a research tradition connected to curriculum studies. Both variation and standardisation emerge in the comparative analysis with regard to content construction. Quality is expressed and may be interpreted as operationalised as both structure and process. In relation to the study results, quality may be interpreted as primarily oriented towards institutions, activities and secondarily towards individuals. Quality is consistently related to learning (lifelong learning) and is more linear and oriented towards goal-rationality than non-linear.

scholarly journals Search in Criminal Procedure of Russia and Germany: Comparative Legal Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01159
Author(s):  
Anton Shamne
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article compares the Criminal Procedural Codes provisions of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany that regulate conducting a search as an investigative act. It also provides and compares the definitions of the concept “search” and “dwelling” given in Russian and German criminal procedural legislation. The reasons for conducting the search in general and the search of dwelling are considered, similarities and differences are revealed in relation to the status of the subject who is under the search. The author characterizes the search of dwelling and gives a comparative analysis of this investigative action as well as the notion of “urgent cases” in both countries. The authors also proposed some brief recommendations for improving the norms of the Russian Federation Criminal Procedure Code.

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