Diffusion of Innovations Among Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-62
Author(s):  
David Valle-Cruz ◽  
Rodrigo Sandoval-Almazan
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Technological Adoption ◽  
Influential Variable

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the technological adoption by state governments, based on a longitudinal study of technology in Mexico for which the authors analyzed data from all the local governments from 2010 to 2018. With this data, they proposed a ranking to classify adoption technology, using the diffusion of the innovation theory. They included in the analysis other variables such as the percentage of households with a computer, internet, and other communication technology equipment. The results show that Mexico City is the innovator; Baja California, Sonora, and Nuevo Leon are early adopters, while Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Guerrero are laggards. The most influential variable in the adoption of information technologies is illiteracy, and there is an inverse relationship between technology and illiteracy. Future research will open several paths to understand different adoption behaviors between specific technologies in each state, such as big data, artificial intelligence, internet of things, and smart cities.

The Diffusion of HRITs Across English- Speaking Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 976-983
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Olivas-Luján ◽  
Gary W. Florkowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
English Speaking

From an historical perspective, human resource (HR) activities rarely captured the respect of line executives who often view this area as “staff chores” rather than high value-added business. This, coupled with the large amount of complex information required to execute personnel tasks, partially explains why HR departments did not tend to be early adopters of information technologies (ITs). The situation has changed radically over the last decade, as personnel departments increasingly seek to offload paper-intensive, compliance-oriented processes to technology-supported flows so that they are better able to support and evolve the company’s strategy to achieve competitive advantage in an era of increased global competition. Little is known, though, about the process by which HR-related software applications and services spread from firm to firm, and ultimately country to country. In response, we draw upon a set of geographically diverse practitioner surveys and early findings of our ongoing research program (Florkowski & Olivas-Luján, 2006) to examine the diffusion of HRITs across nations. We also include suggestions for future research and definitions of terms that aid in understanding this increasingly important phenomenon.

The Diffusion of HRITs Across English- Speaking Countries

2009 ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Olivas-Luján ◽  
Gary W. Florkowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
English Speaking

From an historical perspective, human resource (HR) activities rarely captured the respect of line executives who often view this area as “staff chores” rather than high value-added business. This, coupled with the large amount of complex information required to execute personnel tasks, partially explains why HR departments did not tend to be early adopters of information technologies (ITs). The situation has changed radically over the last decade, as personnel departments increasingly seek to offload paper-intensive, compliance-oriented processes to technology-supported flows so that they are better able to support and evolve the company’s strategy to achieve competitive advantage in an era of increased global competition. Little is known, though, about the process by which HR-related software applications and services spread from firm to firm, and ultimately country to country. In response, we draw upon a set of geographically diverse practitioner surveys and early findings of our ongoing research program (Florkowski & Olivas-Luján, 2006) to examine the diffusion of HRITs across nations. We also include suggestions for future research and definitions of terms that aid in understanding this increasingly important phenomenon.

Smart Cities and Internet Technology Research for Sustainable and Inclusive Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 318-342
Author(s):  
Christina Marouli ◽  
Miltiadis D. Lytras
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Special Character ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Strategic Policy

The concept of smart cities has recently emerged to highlight the significance of innovation and information technologies in urban planning. In this chapter, after a discussion of different conceptions and important dimensions of smart cities, a wealth of information technologies that have been used in cities for a variety of services is presented. The authors advocate that smart urban solutions should be designed within a smart cities vision and strategic plan, defined by people's needs. They propose an integrated strategic policy making model for smart, sustainable and inclusive cities and they make recommendations for policies and education for smart cities. The special character of public and private spaces, the significance of everyday life, the pivotal role of open governance and meaningful citizen participation, as well as the balance between the desired surveillance for efficient resource management and freedom and creativity have been highlighted as challenges that should inform the design of smart urban solutions and future research on smart cities.

Smart Cities and Internet Technology Research for Sustainable and Inclusive Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 434-458
Author(s):  
Christina Marouli ◽  
Miltiadis D. Lytras
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Special Character ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Strategic Policy

The concept of smart cities has recently emerged to highlight the significance of innovation and information technologies in urban planning. In this chapter, after a discussion of different conceptions and important dimensions of smart cities, a wealth of information technologies that have been used in cities for a variety of services is presented. The authors advocate that smart urban solutions should be designed within a smart cities vision and strategic plan, defined by people's needs. They propose an integrated strategic policy making model for smart, sustainable and inclusive cities and they make recommendations for policies and education for smart cities. The special character of public and private spaces, the significance of everyday life, the pivotal role of open governance and meaningful citizen participation, as well as the balance between the desired surveillance for efficient resource management and freedom and creativity have been highlighted as challenges that should inform the design of smart urban solutions and future research on smart cities.

scholarly journals Behavior of budget expenditures during the election period: an analysis in panel data in the Brazilian municipalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Crispim ◽  
Luiz Alberton ◽  
Celma Duque Ferreira ◽  
Jorge Expedito de Gusmão Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Political Budget Cycle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Spending

Objective: From the political budget cycle (PDC) lens, we investigated the behavior of committed expenditures, investment spending and borrowing in the electoral period, in Brazilian municipalities with a population of 50,000 or more, in the period 2000-2016, comprising 353 clusters and 6001 observations. It was also investigated whether these municipalities meet the legal requirements on the use of budget resources in an election year. The study was motivated by the lack of consensus in the literature on the subject in question. Methodology: Four research hypotheses were built to assist in achieving the proposed objectives. Data were collected from IBGE, TSE and STN websites. Data were analyzed using the balanced panel data method, grouped by municipality and region, with Tobit regression application and Hausman, Breusch-Pagan Lagrange and F de Chow robustness tests. This method covered confidence with the interval of 99%, 77%, 79% and 84% explaining behavior between the variables. Results: The results show that there were no changes in expenditure committed before, during and after the election period, regardless of party equality and two-round election, unlike the results of some studies. As for spending on investments and borrowing in the election period, the study suggests an average increase of 9% and 68% respectively, and this is more intense when there is party equality between municipal and state governments, especially in the process of reelection. Regarding compliance with legal requirements on the use of budgetary resources in an election year, the study indicates that local governments do not comply with regulatory requirements. Contributions of the study: contributes to the specific literature, because it presents robust results on the lack of consensus on the subject in question, as well as for future research involving municipalities with smaller population and comparison between regions and countries.

Smart Cities and Internet Technology Research for Sustainable and Inclusive Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 227-251
Author(s):  
Christina Marouli ◽  
Miltiadis D. Lytras
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Special Character ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Strategic Policy

The concept of smart cities has recently emerged to highlight the significance of innovation and information technologies in urban planning. In this chapter, after a discussion of different conceptions and important dimensions of smart cities, a wealth of information technologies that have been used in cities for a variety of services is presented. The authors advocate that smart urban solutions should be designed within a smart cities vision and strategic plan, defined by people's needs. They propose an integrated strategic policy making model for smart, sustainable and inclusive cities and they make recommendations for policies and education for smart cities. The special character of public and private spaces, the significance of everyday life, the pivotal role of open governance and meaningful citizen participation, as well as the balance between the desired surveillance for efficient resource management and freedom and creativity have been highlighted as challenges that should inform the design of smart urban solutions and future research on smart cities.

scholarly journals Utilização do conceito de cidades inteligentes para repensar os processos de comunicação dos Conselhos Municipais

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1327
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira Quilice ◽  
Cleiton Martins Duarte da Silva ◽  
Naraiana Marques Jácome ◽  
Poliana Estefane Sanches
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small City ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Communication Processes

The concept of smart cities addresses how information technology can improve a city’s processes and suggests greater participation among the population in these processes. The purpose of this article was to use this concept as a support to rethink the communication processes of municipal councils, seeking ways to improve them through the use of information technologies, which would allow improving the structure for the dissemination of actions taken by the councils and increasing social control over public policy planning and implementation. For this, the communication processes of the municipal councils of a small city were analyzed. These processes were then evaluated and discussed in light of the concept of smart cities. As a result, it was found that the communication processes analyzed are flawed and need improvement, especially regarding their scope, which should include the possibility of manifestation by society. Initiatives related to the concept of smart cities that could solve the identified problems are also discussed. Based on the collected data, the requirements and functionalities for the development of a technology-based communication tool that could enable faster and more effective communication between the counselors, between the councils and society and between the councils and their government departments are suggested. Finally, it is suggested that future research assesses within the population the reasons why social participation in municipal councils is low.

scholarly journals Do Left-wing Governments Decrease Wage Inequality among Civil Servants? Empirical Evidence from the German States

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-135
Author(s):  
Björn Kauder ◽  
Manuela Krause ◽  
Niklas Potrafke
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Inequality Measures ◽  
Government Ideology ◽  
German States

We investigate whether left-wing governments decrease wage inequality among civil servants. The data are based on the salaries of civil servants in the German states. Since a reform in 2006, German state governments are allowed to design salaries of civil servants. We employ encompassing data for pay levels and professions including judges, professors, policemen, and administrators and distinguish between levels of operating experiences. We use six wage inequality measures comparing salaries across pay levels and operating experiences. The results do not suggest that left-wing governments were more active in decreasing wage inequality among civil servants than the center or right-wing governments. Cabinet members are civil servants themselves and decide on their own salaries: government ideology is also not shown to predict the salaries of cabinet members. Because left-wing governments are perceived as taking action against income and wage inequality, future research should employ data from other federal states such as the United States to examine how government ideology influences the salaries of civil servants.

scholarly journals Public Policy Analysis on Watershed Governance in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6615
Author(s):  
Tri Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi ◽  
Salahudin Salahudin ◽  
Ali Roziqin ◽  
Muhammad Kamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Institutional Control ◽  
Watershed Governance

This paper, which is focused on evaluating the policies and institutional control of the Brantas River Basin, East Java, Indonesia, aims to review government regulations on watershed governance in Indonesia. A qualitative approach to content analysis is used to explain and layout government regulations regarding planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring, evaluation, and accountability of the central and local governments in managing the Brantas watershed, East Java, Indonesia. Nvivo 12 Plus software is used to map, analyze, and create data visualization to answer research questions. This study reveals that the management regulations of the Brantas watershed, East Java, Indonesia, are based on a centralized system, which places the central government as an actor who plays an essential role in the formulation, implementation, and accountability of the Brantas watershed management. In contrast, East Java Province’s regional government only plays a role in implementing and evaluating policies. The central government previously formulated the Brantas watershed. This research contributes to strengthening the management and institutional arrangement of the central government and local governments that support the realization of good governance of the Brantas watershed. Future research needs to apply a survey research approach that focuses on evaluating the capacity of the central government and local governments in supporting good management of the Brantas watershed.

Trends in Public–Private Pay Parity in State and Local Governments

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Lewis ◽  
Rahul Pathak ◽  
Chester S. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Labor Economics ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Census Data ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Total Compensation ◽  
Economics Model ◽  
State And Local

Have state and local governments (SLGs) achieved pay parity with the private sector? The answer depends on how one defines parity. Using a standard labor economics model on U.S. Census data from 1990 to 2014, we find different patterns if we focus on pay, on pay plus benefits, or on total compensation within an occupation. All approaches indicate that pay is higher in local than in state governments and that Blacks, Hispanics, and employees without college diplomas earn higher pay in SLGs than in the private sector. In contrast, Whites, Asians, and college graduates are less likely to enjoy higher pay working in SLGs than in the private sector. Unsurprisingly, states with more liberal and Democratic legislatures pay public employees better, relative to workers in the private sector.

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