Online Scratch Programming With Compulsory School Children During COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Martina Benvenuti ◽  
Laura Freina ◽  
Augusto Chioccariello ◽  
Sabrina Panesi
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Secondary Teachers ◽  
School Children ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Programming Environment ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
School Year ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

In Spring 2020, the COVID-19 health emergency caused all Italian schools to close from March to the end of the school year. An intervention was organized with the aim of offering primary and lower secondary teachers the possibility to organize remote coding activities with their students. Nine workshops were held to introduce teachers to the Scratch online programming environment, and then a coding day was organized involving students from the last year of primary and lower secondary schools. The chosen activities proved to be motivating to the students, favoring social interactions and participation, and increasing their interest in coding. Teachers were positively impressed by the ease with which their students managed programming in Scratch, but some of them felt that they did not master programming well enough to autonomously support class activities. A longer teacher training period is needed.

scholarly journals The effects of school closures on SARS-CoV-2 among parents and teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. e2020834118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Vlachos ◽  
Edvin Hertegård ◽  
Helena B. Svaleryd
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Secondary Teachers ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Online Instruction ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Containment Measure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Upper Secondary Schools ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

To reduce the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), most countries closed schools, despite uncertainty if school closures are an effective containment measure. At the onset of the pandemic, Swedish upper-secondary schools moved to online instruction, while lower-secondary schools remained open. This allows for a comparison of parents and teachers differently exposed to open and closed schools, but otherwise facing similar conditions. Leveraging rich Swedish register data, we connect all students and teachers in Sweden to their families and study the impact of moving to online instruction on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. We find that, among parents, exposure to open rather than closed schools resulted in a small increase in PCR-confirmed infections (odds ratio [OR] 1.17; 95% CI [CI95] 1.03 to 1.32). Among lower-secondary teachers, the infection rate doubled relative to upper-secondary teachers (OR 2.01; CI95 1.52 to 2.67). This spilled over to the partners of lower-secondary teachers, who had a higher infection rate than their upper-secondary counterparts (OR 1.29; CI95 1.00 to 1.67). When analyzing COVID-19 diagnoses from healthcare visits and the incidence of severe health outcomes, results are similar for teachers, but weaker for parents and teachers’ partners. The results for parents indicate that keeping lower-secondary schools open had minor consequences for the overall transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in society. The results for teachers suggest that measures to protect teachers could be considered.

scholarly journals Intergenerational learning among primary and lower secondary schools

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soner Polat ◽  
Hande Çiçek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Intergenerational Learning ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
School Year ◽  
Older Teachers ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

<p>The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify on which topics intergenerational learning takes place among primary and lower secondary school teachers of different generations. If intergenerational learning is present among colleagues, the content of this learning will be specified. For this purpose, in 2013-2014 school year, in the district of İzmit in the province of Kocaeli two primary and two lower secondary schools where different generations work together were, therefore, selected and 39 teachers of three different generations in these schools were interviewed. Semi-structured interview technique was used during these face-to- face interviews. Data of the study, which was designed using phenomenological pattern, was analyzed with descriptive analysis method. The results indicated that younger teachers learn about topics such as classroom management and handling problems with parents from the experiences of their older colleagues. On the other hand, older teachers learn about the new teaching methods and techniques, teaching materials and the use of technical equipments from their younger colleagues. It was clearly seen that intergenerational learning proceed more functionally at schools where collaboration and knowledge-sharing are important values; where there aren’t any prejudices against age and where there are individuals who are open for development.</p>

scholarly journals A szórvány magyar tanköteles gyermekek családon kívüli elhelyezése Baranyában az 1941–1942-es tanévben

DÍKÉ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-173
Author(s):  
Patrícia Dominika Niklai
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
National Education ◽  
School Year ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hungarian State ◽  
Ministerial Decree

The framework for the placing of Hungarian compulsory school children outside the family was based on the 25.360/1941. Religion and Public Education Ministerial decree, which constituted new provisions from the 1941/1942 school year for the education of native Hungarian children living in non-Hungarian environment. The reason for issuing the decree was the growing demand of the nationalities for education in their native language, which the Hungarian state – after the failure of the unified education system introduced in 1935 – made available to them in 1941. This measure was supported by nationalities as well, but at the same time we must not forget that the Horthy-era represented a strong national policy, and the patriotic, national education began in elementary school. Thus, the education of Hungarian children could not be neglected while striving to fulfil the needs of nationalities. According to paragraph 1 of the 25.360/1941. Religion and Public Education Ministerial decree on the education of Hungarian children: ‘A native Hungarian compulsory school child living in Hungary, who stays in a not native Hungarian environment must be educated in a Hungarian school or class, by a traveling teacher, in a Hungarian boarding school, or in another native Hungarian environment.’ The placing of children outside the family was only necessary if there was no school with Hungarian educational language in the municipality, because in that case ‘a native Hungarian child living in the municipality (city) can only be sent by his or her tutelary to such a school, until reaching the age of compulsory schooling.’ In accordance with the decree, from the summer of 1941 the Education Inspectorate collected data on the native Hungarian compulsory school children who lived in a non-Hungarian environment to provide them enrolment elsewhere. The first version of the options listed in the decree (Hungarian school or class in municipality) is not the subject of the study, since in that case, the child remains in the family. The second version – a traveling teacher – would not cause change either, but I did not find any example of this in the archives anyway. What may be more interesting in the terms of Family law is the placing in a boarding school or with a family of a relative or acquaintance in native Hungarian environment - this is indicated by the phrase in an otherwise ‘native Hungarian environment’. I give examples of these cases – boarding school and placement in Hungarian families – from practice based on archival records.

scholarly journals English lessons in lower secondary schools in Poland: Reflections based on learner voices

Neofilolog ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (42/1) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Melanie Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
School Year ◽  
Key Stage 3 ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

This paper reports on some of the data from a large-scale study Teaching and Learning Foreign Language in lower secondary school, which began in the school year 2011-12 and traces selected groups of learners through the three years of Key Stage 3 (gimnazjum), ending in school year 2013-14. The study was conceived and is managed by the Foreign Language Section of the Educational Research Institute (ERI) in Warsaw with European funding. (see Acknowledgement). In this article the focus is on data obtained from interviews conducted with learners from class one of 120 lower secondary schools, where the students were asked to describe and give opinions about learning English in their school and to imagine an ideal lesson. The learners are the reason that lessons in school take place, but their views are rarely consulted. This study attempts to redress the balance.

MANAGING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EFFECTS APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RURAL, MIDLAND AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS MEETING NEEDS FOR EDUCATION INNOVATION IN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Le Hang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Training ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

The development of ICTs has strongly influenced many different aspects of social life, including education and training. ICTs application and management of ICTs applications has become an indispensable trend and has a profound effect on improving the quality of education and training. The author has analyzed the current state of ICTs application management in teaching in lower secondary schools in rural, midland and mountainous areas from which 6 management solutions for applying information and communication technology in teaching in lower secondary schools in accordance with the school’s practice.

MANAGING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATIONS IN THE LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN K’RONG PAC DISTRICT, DAK LAK PROVINCE IN THE CONTEXT OF TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Van Truong
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Software Management ◽  
Active Teaching ◽  
Application Management ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

The author analyze deeply management status of information and communication technologies (ICTs) application in teaching at the lower secondary schools in Krong Pac District, Dak Lak province today on the back: management status of building and using multimedia classrooms; management status of using teaching software; management status of desining and using active teaching and learning (ATL) lesson plans with using ICTs; management status of using ICTs in the examination and evaluation learning outcomes of pupils from that author proposed 6 application management solutions for ICTs in the lower secondary schools in Krong Pac district, Dak Lak province in the context of technological revolution 4.0 fit the circumstances of local practices.

CURRENT SITUATION OF MANAGEMENT AND USE OF TEACHING EQUIPMENT UNDER ORIENTATIONS FOR DEVELOPING STUDENT CAPACITY IN LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DIEN BIEN DISTRICT, DIEN BIEN PROVINCE IN THE PRESENT PERIOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Van Phuc ◽  
Ngo Quang Son
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Lower Secondary Schools

Last time, management of equipment, maintenance and use of teaching equipment in lower secondary schools in Dien Bien district, Dien Bien province has been paid more attention, making important contributions to keeping sustainably, improve the quality of education in the district. Every year the lower secondary schools have been given funding and have plans to equip additional teaching equipment. Most lower secondary schools have full-time staff in charge of teaching equipment; with equipment storage rooms, cabinets are gradually added; laboratories and classrooms have been built more and more; have a system of records of teaching equipment management established; The work of inventorying and purifying teaching equipment periodically was also concerned. The movement of innovating teaching methods has made education managers and teachers more interested in using teaching equipment effectively. The positive management measures have caused many teachers to use teaching equipment as an integral part of the lesson, helping the quality of the lessons be increasingly improved to meet the requirements of changes. New teaching methods. Education administrators, teachers, teaching equipment staff are becoming more and more serious in teaching device management. However, the reality of teaching equipment management still reveals many limitations: The management of teaching equipment in schools is still administrative and ineffective. The equipment has no overall and detailed plans; The procurement of teaching equipment is not guaranteed in terms of quantity, lack of uniformity (some are redundant, some are lacking), quality is limited (durability, accuracy is not guaranteed, some new ones are not used); preservation still has many shortcomings; lack of specialized staff; lack of storage space or insufficient storage; lack of cabinets, prices, laboratories, subject classrooms; specially managing the use of teaching equipment is not tight; Many places teachers have not paid attention to use, ineffective use. The situation of “teaching vegetarianism” is still common, teaching equipment used is still movement, mostly used only in special cases such as competitions for good teachers, lectures or when there is a delegation check; There are many cases of information technology abuse in teaching. The effective use of teaching equipment oriented student capacity development is not much. The management of the use of teaching equipment oriented to develop student competencies in the current trend of Industry Revolution 4.0 is a matter of great concern to educational managers.Thus, the task of surveying the situation of managing the effective use of teaching equipment, finding subjective and objective reasons in order to propose measures to effectively manage the use of teaching equipment in the direction of developing students’ practical capacities and contributing to improving the quality of teaching in secondary schools in Dien Bien district, Dien Bien province is a very important and necessary task today.

scholarly journals Disciplinary Approaches for Cannabis Use Policy Violations in Canadian Secondary Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Megan J. Magier ◽  
Scott T. Leatherdale ◽  
Terrance J. Wade ◽  
Karen A. Patte
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Year ◽  
Progressive Discipline

The objective of this study was to examine the disciplinary approaches being used in secondary schools for student violations of school cannabis policies. Survey data from 134 Canadian secondary schools participating in the Cannabis use, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, and Sedentary behaviour (COMPASS) study were used from the school year immediately following cannabis legalization in Canada (2018/19). Despite all schools reporting always/sometimes using a progressive discipline approach, punitive consequences (suspension, alert police) remain prevalent as first-offence options, with fewer schools indicating supportive responses (counselling, cessation/educational programs). Schools were classified into disciplinary approach styles, with most schools using Authoritarian and Authoritative approaches, followed by Neglectful and Permissive/Supportive styles. Further support for schools boards in implementing progressive discipline and supportive approaches may be of benefit.

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