An Introduction to Survey Research

2022 ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
Colleen Halupa
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Survey Validation ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Instrument Creation ◽  
Scale Types

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an easy-to-understand overview of several important concepts for selecting and creating survey instruments for dissertations and other types of doctoral research. This chapter includes information on instrument selection, survey validation, and survey instrument creation. A review of survey scale types and important definitions and concepts related to survey research is included. A sample conceptual framework that can be used to link research questions, relevant literature, and survey questions is also provided.

Promoting Democracy in a Depressed Economy through Business Education for National Security in Enugu State.

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Emeka Promise u. ◽  
Ohagwu Gold Chiamaka
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
National Security ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Business Educators ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study was carried out to determine the measures for promoting democracy in a depressed economy through business education for national security in Enugu State. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were used for the study. The study adopted a survey research design. The population for the study was 41 business educators from four government owned tertiary institutions in Enugu State. There was no sampling since the population was manageable. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers and validated by the experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an overall index 0.72. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering research questions while hypotheses were tested using t-test. It was found that governmental measures items promoted democracy through business education for national security. The study also revealed that lecturers‟ measures also promotes democracy through business education for national security. It was recommended that: government should make adequate budgetary provision for business education. Democrats should be involved in business teacher‟s conferences and seminars.

Designing and Evaluating Survey Instruments for Research in Human Issues in Horticulture

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 554c-554
Author(s):  
Sonja M. Skelly ◽  
Jennifer Campbell Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Instruments

Survey research has a long precedence of use in the social sciences. With a growing interest in the area of social science research in horticulture, survey methodology needs to be explored. In order to conduct proper and accurate survey research, a valid and reliable instrument must be used. In many cases, however, an existing measurement tool that is designed for specific research variables is unavailable thus, an understanding of how to design and evaluate a survey instrument is necessary. Currently, there are no guidelines in horticulture research for developing survey instruments for use with human subjects. This presents a problem when attempting to compare and reference similar research. This workshop will explore the methodology involved in preparing a survey instrument; topics covered will include defining objectives for the survey, constructing questions, pilot testing the survey, and obtaining reliability and validity information. In addition to these topics some examples will be provided which will illustrate how to complete these steps. At the conclusion of this session a discussion will be initiated for others to share information and experiences dealing with creating survey instruments.

scholarly journals Responsible Urban Innovation with Local Government Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Conceptual Framework and Research Agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Juan M. Corchado ◽  
Rashid Mehmood ◽  
Rita Yi Man Li ◽  
Karen Mossberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Technological Opportunities ◽  
Made In

The urbanization problems we face may be alleviated using innovative digital technology. However, employing these technologies entails the risk of creating new urban problems and/or intensifying the old ones instead of alleviating them. Hence, in a world with immense technological opportunities and at the same time enormous urbanization challenges, it is critical to adopt the principles of responsible urban innovation. These principles assure the delivery of the desired urban outcomes and futures. We contribute to the existing responsible urban innovation discourse by focusing on local government artificial intelligence (AI) systems, providing a literature and practice overview, and a conceptual framework. In this perspective paper, we advocate for the need for balancing the costs, benefits, risks and impacts of developing, adopting, deploying and managing local government AI systems in order to achieve responsible urban innovation. The statements made in this perspective paper are based on a thorough review of the literature, research, developments, trends and applications carefully selected and analyzed by an expert team of investigators. This study provides new insights, develops a conceptual framework and identifies prospective research questions by placing local government AI systems under the microscope through the lens of responsible urban innovation. The presented overview and framework, along with the identified issues and research agenda, offer scholars prospective lines of research and development; where the outcomes of these future studies will help urban policymakers, managers and planners to better understand the crucial role played by local government AI systems in ensuring the achievement of responsible outcomes.

Externalizing Faith: Countering Individualism Through an Embodied Emphasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Dejan Aždajić
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Propositional Content ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Current Challenge ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Embodied Theology

While the importance of an embodied theology has been recognized, in light of recent literature that sees a growing modern-day shift from emancipated individuality to ideological individualism, the aim of this article is to deepen the theological reflection on the urgent need for a more intentional embodied emphasis. This strategic approach is particularly significant, since in spite of the current challenge there remains a tendency toward a disembodied, anti-liturgical orientation that prioritizes words and cognition, locating theological truth on the inside of the autonomous individual thinking subject, who remains free to either accept or reject its propositional content. Drawing from relevant literature that provides a conceptual framework, this article argues that especially in today’s context, an overt emphasis on the externalization of faith and the embodiment of theological normatives performed together in community offers more promising pedagogical effectiveness. A bodily focus is principally important since it provides an experiential platform for the communal enactment and consequent appropriation of religious knowledge, thus potentially circumventing the present challenge of increasingly rigid individualism.

scholarly journals Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 154231662199573
Author(s):  
Dennis Amego Korbla Penu ◽  
Sebastian Angzoorokuu Paalo
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
State Level ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Institutional Pluralism ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
New Institutions

Pastoralist conflicts are important global development outcomes, especially in Africa. Analysing relevant literature on this phenomenon, we identify “institutions” as a key but fragmented theme. This blurs a composite understanding of how institutions affect these conflicts and their management. Hence, this article proposes a conceptual framework that brings harmony to this discourse by analysing 172 relevant publications. The framework was then tested using evidence from interviews and policy documents collected on a typical case in Agogo, Ghana. The findings show that pastoralist conflicts in Africa are shaped from three main dimensions: institutional change, institutional pluralism, and institutional meanings. Thus, state-level institutional changes create different institutions at the community level, and stakeholders using these institutions place different evaluations on them based on obtained outcomes. These dynamics contribute to conflict management dilemmas. Hence, the study recommends that intervention efforts examine whether new institutions contradict existing ones and to resolve them before implementation.

scholarly journals The Pediatrics Milestones: Conceptual Framework, Guiding Principles, and Approach to Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Hicks ◽  
Daniel J. Schumacher ◽  
Bradley J. Benson ◽  
Ann E. Burke ◽  
Robert Englander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Good Doctor ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Rigorous Study

Abstract Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) have partnered to initiate the Pediatrics Milestone Project to further refine the 6 ACGME competencies and to set performance standards as part of the continued commitment to document outcomes of training and program effectiveness. Intervention Members of the Pediatrics Milestone Project Working Group searched the medical literature and beyond to create a synopsis of models and evidence for a developmental ontogeny of the elements for 52 subcompetencies. For each subcompetency, we created a series of Milestones, grounded in the literature. The milestones were vetted with the entire working group, engaging in an iterative process of revisions until reaching consensus that their narrative descriptions (1) included all critical elements, (2) were behaviorally based, (3) were properly sequenced, and (4) represented the educational continuum of training and practice. Outcomes We have completed the first iteration of milestones for all subcompetencies. For each milestone, a synopsis of relevant literature provides background, references, and a conceptual framework. These milestones provide narrative descriptions of behaviors that represent the ontogeny of knowledge, skill, and attitude development across the educational continuum of training and practice. Discussion The pediatrics milestones take us a step closer to meaningful outcome assessment. Next steps include undertaking rigorous study, making appropriate modifications, and setting performance standards. Our aim is to assist program directors in making more reliable and valid judgments as to whether a resident is a “good doctor” and to provide outcome evidence regarding the program's success in developing doctors.

scholarly journals INSECURITY AND NIGERIA’S SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A SURVEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
James WOJUADE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Frequency Counts

This study examined insecurity as the bane of Nigeria’s socio-economic development. The study adopted a descriptive survey research. The study was guided by two research questions. The participants for this study comprised one hundred and fifty (150) educated people/youth selected from Ona-Ara local government area of Ibadan metropolis. Insecurity as the bane of socio-economic development in Nigeria questionnaire was the instrument used for this study. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentage. Findings revealed that ethno-religious conflicts and unemployment are among the factors responsible for insecurity in Nigeria. Social dislocation, population displacement, disruption of family and communal life are some of the impacts of insecurity on Nigeria’s socio-economic development. It is recommended that government should ensure that social security programme is pursued and systematically implemented to ensure that the populace meets their basic needs.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS FOR WORK AND ENERGY TESTS APPLIED TO PHYSICS LEARNING

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 798-815
Author(s):  
Sigit Dwi SAPUTRO ◽  
TUKIRAN A. ◽  
Zainul Arifin Imam SUPARDI ◽  
Budi JATMIKO
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Indicator Analysis ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Work And Energy

Work and energy are contents traditionally addressed in the study of physics and engineering. This is because this topic is part of people's daily lives; that is, they are critical thinking skills included in 21st century learning achievements that must be mastered by students. This study aimed to make an appropriate assessment formulation to measure students' critical thinking skills in work and energy. The systematic method of review was carried out through three stages. The first step was to search for relevant literature sources through a database and books. The database used included SAGE Journals, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. There were 115 journals or proceedings that have been examined and then selected 50 articles following established criteria. The second stage determined formulating achievement indicators, and the third stage developed conceptual tests of critical thinking skills. Based on this study on the conceptual framework of the study to measure students' critical thinking skills in teaching materials for work and energy, it was concluded that (1) indicators of critical thinking skills on work and energy include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation; (2) the basic principles of making critical thinking test instruments include presenting phenomena, open-ended tests, and testing the rationality of answers; and (3) there were examples of the application of the development of the critical thinking skills test instrument for indicator analysis.

scholarly journals Doctoral Dissertation Supervision: Identification and Evaluation of Models

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngozi Agu ◽  
Christy O. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Research Supervision ◽  
Supervision Models ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Students Satisfaction

Doctoral research supervision is one of the major avenues for sustaining students’ satisfaction with the programme, preparing students to be independent researchers and effectively initiating students into the academic community. This work reports doctoral students’ evaluation of their various supervision models, their satisfaction with these supervision models, and development of research-related skills. The study used a descriptive research design and was guided by three research questions and two hypotheses. A sample of 310 Ph.D. candidates drawn from a federal university in Eastern part of Nigeria was used for this study. The data generated through the questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive statistics andt-tests. Results show that face-to-face interactive model was not only the most frequently used, but also the most widely adopted in doctoral thesis supervision while ICT-based models were rarely used. Students supervised under face-to-face interactive model reported being more satisfied with dissertation supervision than those operating under face-to-face noninteractive model. However, students supervised under these two models did not differ significantly in their perceived development in research-related skills.

Consumer confusion: a systematic review and research directions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishakha Chauhan ◽  
Mahim Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Literature ◽  
Consumer Confusion ◽  
Research Questions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to systematically review and analyse extant marketing literature on consumer confusion to propose an integrated conceptual framework and highlight important research gaps. Design/methodology/approach Systematic literature review methodology was followed for article selection. Selected articles were subjected to content analysis to derive thematic as well as descriptive results. Findings Antecedents, consequences, moderators, mediators and application of the construct in the different contexts have been reported. An integrated framework along with research questions and future directions has also been proposed. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is notably the first attempt to systematically review the marketing literature on consumer confusion. The conceptual framework and proposed research questions create a research agenda around the problem of consumer confusion and contribute towards the advancement of extant literature.

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