Makerspace

2022 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Fehintoluwa E. Omosebi ◽  
Oluwabunmi Dorcas Bakare
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Left Behind

Librarianship as a profession globally is witnessing lots of innovations and creativity at an unprecedented rate in this era of digital connectivity. One of such is the “makerspace” which has been embraced within libraries in developed countries, but its cognizance, acceptability, and implementation in most African libraries is still low of which Nigerian libraries are not an exception. The chapter discussed and gave insights on the “what,” “how,” and the “why” of the makerspace inclusion within the Nigerian library space. This is expected to prompt its adoption by putting into perspective all the generational age cohorts so as not to be left behind in the train of what is obtainable on the global landscape within the discipline knowing fully well that the nation is the giant of Africa.

An Overview of E-Government Technological Divide in Developing Countries

2015 ◽  
pp. 365-379
Author(s):  
Rafiat A. Oyekunle ◽  
H. B. Akanbi-Ademolake
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Content Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Workforce Capacity ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
And Training

This chapter presents an overview of e-Government technological divide in developing countries. Technological divide here does not consist simply of telecommunications and computer equipment (i.e. ICTs), but it is also e-Readiness (i.e. the available capacity as indicated by workforce capacity to build, deploy, and maintain ICT infrastructure), ICT literacy (using digital technology, communication tools, and/or networks appropriately to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, and create information), e-Inclusion and/or e-Exclusion (i.e. no one is left behind in enjoying the benefits of ICT), etc., which are factors also necessary in order for people to be able to use and benefit from e-Government applications. Most of the currently published works on e-Government strategies are based on successful experiences from developed countries, which may not be directly applicable to developing countries. Based on a literature review, this chapter reveals the status of e-Government technological divide in developing countries and also underscores the challenges associated with e-Government in developing countries, thus bringing to the limelight the factors that influence the growth of the technological divide and different approaches that have been put in place to overcome the divide. In conclusion, this chapter advocates education and training, local content development, enhancing network infrastructure, and capacity building, among others, as ways of bridging the divide.

International Trade or Technology? Who is Left Behind and What to do about it

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Harrison
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Left Behind

Abstract We examine globalization’s effects on those left behind in both industrial and emerging markets. While access to global markets has lifted billions out of poverty in emerging markets, the benefits have not been equally shared. Increased competition through globalization as well as skill-biased technical change have hurt less educated workers in rich and poor countries. While much of the rising inequality is often attributed to globalization alone, a brief review of the literature suggests that labor-saving technology has likely played an even more important role. The backlash has focused on the negative consequences of globalization in developed countries, and now threatens the global trading system and access to that system for emerging markets. We conclude by proposing some solutions to compensate losers from the twin forces of technical change and globalization.

scholarly journals Third Neighbor Policy Concept in Mongolia’s Geopolitics

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Bayasgalan Sanallkhundev
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trade Relation ◽  
Strategic Partner ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
International Environment ◽  
Strategic Perspective ◽  
The U.S

Since the 1900s when Mongolia fought for its independence, it was looking for an ally or a supporter on which it could rely on. One of the options was third neighbor. During the dramatic times Mongolia tried to approach Japan, as the closest possible country to have relation, and the U.S. as a country somehow caught its attention, to establish, if not diplomatic, at least trade relation. Third neighbor policy is unique, as it is associated only with Mongolia due to its unique geographic location. Looking for third neighbor, it is important for Mongolia to maintain balance between two big neighbors, and to have relationship with other developed countries. But the U.S. saw Mongolia not only as a young and a good example of democracy, and strategic partner, but also possible “ally” which lies between Russia and China. Third neighbor policy is not just an ordinary policy in foreign policy; it is a concept which is important for Mongolia, for a country which is sandwiched between two big nuclear Powers. With changing international environment Mongolia’s strategic importance never left behind. Here will be discussed that Mongolia’s third neighbor policy cannot be limited just with foreign policy or relationships with other countries. But it could have broader meaning from geo-strategic perspective, depending from international politics. I am arguing that third neighbor policy is more than just a foreign policy, it is a concept.

scholarly journals Working time reduction as the factor of solving retirement conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-340
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Zolotov ◽  
◽  
Mikhail V. Popov ◽  
Vitaly A. Lomov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Labor Relation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Time Reduction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

One of the main sources of social economic tension in Russian society became the promotion and acceptance in 2018 of the bill on retirement age increase initiated by the government. Conflict of the created situation expressed itself in a great number of protest meetings in the country againstpension reform. The aim of the article is to give a foundation of the effective way of solving the conflict caused by such reform. For this purpose its influence upon social economic state of labor relations sides is analyzed, the experience of retirement age increase in Germany and France is investigated, the perspective of solving the appeared conflict is defined. Dialectical method as the one which allows to discover the contradictions of the labor relation sides interests is realized. Table method of tendencies analysis in time worked dynamics in economically developed countries is used, the differentiation of workers age cohorts for the evaluation of the consequences of retirement reform is applied. It is found that the main source of retirement conflict in Russia is the degradation of workers position in connection with the growth of the time worked per working life in comparison with the cohort that retired before the reform. By the analysis of the innovate foreign experience the possibility of connection of retirement age increase, on the one hand, and the total number of hours worked per life, on the other hand, is discovered. It is shown that this possibility is the result of the regularity of the working time reduction which is inherent to the modern economy. The role of transition to the six hours working day in Russia as the effective way of solving retirement conflict without rejection of retirement age increase is revealed.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Electronic Waste Management in Developed Countries and Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Slamet Raharjo ◽  
Al Hadi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Electronic Waste Recycling

Electronic waste management in Indonesia is currently not a major concern for various parties and is relatively left behind when compared to developed countries. This study aims to evaluate the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia and compile recommendations for electronic waste management programs in Indonesia. This research was conducted by collecting primary data from questionnaires and collecting secondary data from the literature on electronic waste management in developed countries (United States, Japan, and Switzerland) and Indonesia. The collected data were compared and analyzed for compiling strategy in the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Recommendation programs for electronic waste management in Indonesia were established based on SWOT Matrix. The evaluation results show that the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia are lagging compared to developed countries. The management recommendation program provided is the 4R programs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remove) for electronic waste; Dropbox to collect electronic waste; Development of formal electronic waste management infrastructure; Industrial revitalization / private electronic waste recycling facilities; Development of electronic waste landfill; Application of economic instruments for electronic manufacturers; Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for electronic equipment; Trade-in for all electronic products; and cooperate with the informal sector. Keywords: Developed countries, Electronic waste, Program recommendations, SWOT analysis, Waste management.

Changing prevalence ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in the 9th district of Budapest. A retrospective endoscopic study, 1997–2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (23) ◽  
pp. 900-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Miklós Buzás ◽  
Gábor Lotz ◽  
Ferenc Schneider ◽  
Jolán Józan
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
1960S And 1970S

Background: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in developed countries is decreasing. The time-frame of this process is largely unknown. Aim: The aim of the authors was to evaluate the changes in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in their endoscopic centre. Methods: This retrospective study included 4647 patients examined between 1997 and 2012. Helicobacter pylori was determined from antral and corpus biopsies by the modified Giemsa stain and rapid urease test. The prevalence of the infection was calculated yearly for the period studied, for age decades from 18 to 85 years, birth cohorts of 10 years from 1920 to 1994 and according to diagnosis. Results: The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was 54.7%, which decreased from 71.3% in 1997 to 32.76% in 2011. Functional dyspepsia was found in 37.9%, duodenal ulcer in 25.3%, gastric ulcer in 3.8% and reflux disease in 24.2% of the patients. The mean prevalence of infection was 62.5% in birth cohorts of 10 years between 1920 and 1959, 57.4% in those between 1960 and 1969, and decreased to 39.0% and 26.7% in birth cohorts between 1970 and 1979) and between 1980 and 1989, respectively. According to age cohorts, the prevalence was 21.8% 34.9%, 46.5%, 63.7%, 63.2% and 59.2% in patients aged 18–19 years, 20–29 years, 30–39 years, 40–49 years, 50–59 years and 60–69 years, respectively. The proportion of H. pylori positive duodenal ulcers decreased from 95.9% in 1998 to 59.1% in 2011 (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the 9th district of Budapest is decreasing, especially in cohorts born in the late 1960s and 1970s, nearly 1.5 decades before the discovery of the bacterium. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 900–907.

scholarly journals No Child Left Behind: Subsidized Child Care and Children's Long-Run Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarjei Havnes ◽  
Magne Mogstad
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Impact

Many developed countries are currently considering a move toward subsidized, widely accessible child care or preschool. However, studies on how large-scale provision of child care affects child development are scarce, and focused on short-run outcomes. We analyze a large-scale expansion of subsidized child care in Norway, addressing the impact on children's long-run outcomes. Our precise and robust difference-in-differences estimates show that subsidized child care had strong positive effects on children's educational attainment and labor market participation, and also reduced welfare dependency. Subsample analyses indicate that girls and children with low-educated mothers benefit the most from child care. (JEL J13, J16)

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA INSANI (Konsep Dasar Perencanaan dan Analisis Jabatan di Perbankan Syariah)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
World Community ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT In this globalization era, there are many issues in the development of global competition, including unlimited free competition in a particular region or country. This freedom to do business has become the demands and needs of the world community from any angle. So the existence of Human Resource Management (MSDI) is very important for Islamic banking in managing and using Human Resources that function productively, effectively, and efficiently to be able to survive and compete in the global arena.Human Resources is an infinite gift from Allah SWT, but if human resources are not managed properly, then an institution or company, even the country will be left behind and could be down. An institution, company and country that is unable to progress, the problem is not the quality of the Human Resources, but on the quality of Human Resources Management, how many bad the Human Resources there, if managed properly, it will produce  institutions, companies and developed countries. To that end, human resources must be planned carefully, must be analyzed in depth related to positions(jobs) in accordance with the SDI field owned by a sharia banking, so that what is called the right man in one place wasformed.Keywords : Management, Planning, Job Analysis and Banking

scholarly journals Post-2000 Building Industry in Kabul City from Sustainability Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7833
Author(s):  
Najib Rahman Sabory ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu ◽  
Mir Sayed Shah Danish ◽  
Sayed Maqbool Sayed ◽  
Arash Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Architecture ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Year 2000

Buildings are one of the major consumers of energy and producers of greenhouse gases globally. Reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from buildings helps decrease global warming and enhances the natural environment. This can only happen by transitioning from traditional to sustainable architecture and urban planning. For decades, sustainable architecture and urban planning have been applied in many countries’ building sectors, but others among the poor and least developed countries are left behind. Kabul, the capital of one of the least developed countries, Afghanistan, has experienced a remarkable growth rate in population and building since 2001. This rapid and uncontrolled growth of building construction caused problems from different perspectives, especially from the sustainability perspective. In this paper, the current state of the building industry in Kabul is evaluated from a sustainability perspective, especially those constructed after the year 2000. This assessment helps to rate and see how sustainable each type of building is. Analysis of the collected data clarifies that buildings’ sustainability level in Kabul city is significantly low. Based on the results, recommendations provide a better future for the building industry and ensure that existing and future buildings are sufficiently sustainable to protect the environment of Kabul city and of the globe.

scholarly journals EXIT OF SENIOR AGE COHORTS FROM THE RUSSIAN LABOUR MARKET: A SURVIVAL ANALYSIS APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-49
Author(s):  
Irina A. Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Occupational Patterns ◽  
Pension Age ◽  
Skilled Staff

The paper examines individual exit trajectories of Russians from the labour market to economic inactivity using survival analysis methods based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for 1995-2015. The analysis shows that the statutory retirement age (55 for women and 60 for men) has a significant impact on the time of exit from the labour market for both sexes, but the effect is significantly higher for women, and the differences are statistically significant: the hazard rate of exit to inactivity rises by 63 percentage points when a woman reaches 55 years of age, but by only 25 percentage points when a man reaches 60.Russiashows some differences in occupational patterns of exit to pension-age inactivity: unlike many developed countries, only highly skilled staff remain in the labour market longer than others, while there is no statistically significant difference between the behaviour of middle-skilled staff and of skilled and unskilled workers. Self-employment and entrepreneurship postpone exit to inactivity as does employment at state enterprises.

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