scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee ◽  
Michael S. Dohan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Proper Actions ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Government ◽  
Applications Of Ai

The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policy makers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities and challenges for applications of AI. , and suggests improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare. The study helps by providing comprehensive inputs for framing policy on AI in healthcare industry in India. The study also highlights that that if the proper actions are taken to overcome the various challenges associated with applications of AI in healthcare sector in India by the government, then the healthcare sector will immensely benefit. This article has taken an attempt to provide inputs concerning to policy initiatives, challenges and recommendations for improving healthcare system of India using different applications of AI.

Health of a Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Debasish Roy Chowdhury ◽  
John Keane
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

This chapter discusses India’s health system. The Indian Constitution upholds the right of its citizens to enjoy human dignity. The country’s Supreme Court has ruled that this means the right to health is integral to the right to life and the government has a constitutional obligation to provide health facilities. But healthcare is not a fundamental right in India. There is no universal healthcare system. Instead, it has a three-tiered health system, in which the poorest go to the notionally free and suitably ramshackle public hospitals; the rich and upper middle classes access super-specialty private hospitals with hotel-like lobbies and air-conditioned suites, respectful doctors, and state-of the-art equipment; and the rest resort to low-to-middle-end private nursing homes that are a scaled-down version of the five-star corporate hospitals. The Covid-19 outbreak laid bare the denial of decent medical attention to the poor by this long-tolerated caste system of public healthcare. The chapter then looks at the relationship between democracy and healthcare. The commonplace belief that representative democracy forces competition for popular support that in turn makes contenders for power more responsive to citizens’ healthcare needs is shown not to apply to India. India’s pathetic public healthcare system and its mercenary private healthcare sector present a troubling anomaly to statistical conclusions that democracy is the nurse of good health. The murderous inequity of its healthcare system speaks of a democracy that celebrates the equality of its people and their votes, even while treating their bodies as unequal.

The privatisation of healthcare system in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Redwanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that triggered the privatisation of Bangladesh’s health sector. Design/methodology/approach This study follows systematic reviews in its undertaking and is based on an extensive review of both published and unpublished documents. Different search engines and databases were used to collect the materials. The study takes into account of various research publications, journal articles, government reports, policy and planning documents, relevant press reports/articles, and reports and discussion papers from the World Health Organization, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. Findings While Bangladesh’s healthcare sector has undergone an increasing trend towards privatisation, this move has limited benefits on the overall improvement in the health of the people of Bangladesh. The public sector should remain vital, and the government must remobilise it to provide better provision of healthcare. Research limitations/implications The paper focusses only on the public policy aspect of privatisation in healthcare of a country. Practical implications The paper examines the issue of privatisation of healthcare and concludes that privatisation not only makes services more expensive, but also diminishes equity and accountability in the provision of services. The study, first, makes a spate of observations on improving public healthcare resources, which can be of value to key decision makers and stakeholders in the healthcare sector. It also discourages the move towards private sector interventions. Originality/value This study is an independent explanation of a country’s healthcare system. Lesson learned from this study could also be used for developing public policy in similar socio-economic contexts.

scholarly journals Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics in m-Health: A Healthcare System Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Faizal khan ◽  
Sultan Refa Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Healthcare System Perspective ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Mobile health (m-health) is the term of monitoring the health using mobile phones and patient monitoring devices etc. It has been often deemed as the substantial breakthrough in technology in this modern era. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics have been applied within the m-health for providing an effective healthcare system. Various types of data such as electronic health records (EHRs), medical images, and complicated text which are diversified, poorly interpreted, and extensively unorganized have been used in the modern medical research. This is an important reason for the cause of various unorganized and unstructured datasets due to emergence of mobile applications along with the healthcare systems. In this paper, a systematic review is carried out on application of AI and the big data analytics to improve the m-health system. Various AI-based algorithms and frameworks of big data with respect to the source of data, techniques used, and the area of application are also discussed. This paper explores the applications of AI and big data analytics for providing insights to the users and enabling them to plan, using the resources especially for the specific challenges in m-health, and proposes a model based on the AI and big data analytics for m-health. Findings of this paper will guide the development of techniques using the combination of AI and the big data as source for handling m-health data more effectively.

Analysis of the operational risk factors in public hospitals in an Indian state

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Vishnu ◽  
R. Sridharan ◽  
P.N. Ram Kumar ◽  
V. Regi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Risk management in the healthcare sector is a highly relevant sub-domain and a crucial research area from the humanitarian perspective. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the managerial/supply chain risk factors experienced by the government hospitals in an Indian state. The present paper analyzes the inter-relationships among the significant risk factors and ranks those risk factors based on their criticality. Design/methodology/approach The current research focuses on 125 public hospitals in an Indian state. Questionnaire-based survey and personal interviews were conducted in the healthcare sector among the inpatients and hospital staff to identify the significant risk factors. An integrated DEMATEL–ISM–PROMETHEE method is adopted to analyze the impact potential and dependence behavior of the risk factors. Findings The analysis asserts the absence of critical risk factors that have a direct impact on patient safety in the present healthcare system under investigation. However, the results illustrate the remarkable impact potential attributed to the risk factor, namely, staff shortage in inducing other risk factors such as employee attitudinal issues, employee health issues and absenteeism altogether resulting in community mistrust/misbeliefs. Maintenance mismanagement, monsoon time epidemics, physical infrastructure limitations are also found to be significant risk factors that compromise patient satisfaction levels. Practical implications Multiple options are illustrated to mitigate significant risk factors and operational constraints experienced by public hospitals in the state. The study warrants urgent attention from government officials to fill staff vacancies and to improve the infrastructural facilities to match with the increasing demand from the society. Furthermore, this research recommends the hospital authorities to start conducting induction and training programs for the hospital employees to instill the fundamental code of conduct while working in hectic, challenging and even in conditions with limited resources. Originality/value Only limited papers are visible that address the identification and mitigation of risk factors associated with hospitals. The present paper proposes a novel DEMATEL–ISM–PROMETHEE integrated approach to map the inter-relationships among the significant risk factors and to rank those risk factors based on their criticality. Furthermore, the present study discloses the unique setting of the public healthcare system in a developing nation.

scholarly journals The Beginning of a New Era: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-425
Author(s):  
Akshara Kumar ◽  
Shivaprasad Gadag ◽  
Usha Yogendra Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
External Data ◽  
Applications Of Ai

The healthcare sector is considered to be one of the largest and fast-growing industries in the world. Innovations and novel approaches have always remained the prime aims in order to bring massive development. Before the emergence of technology, all the sectors, including the healthcare sector was dependant dependent on man power, which was time-consuming, and less accurate with lack of efficiency. With the recent advancements in machine learning, the condition is has been steadily revolutionizing. in the practice of the health care industry. Artificial Intelligence intelligence (AI) lies in the computer science department, which stresses on the intelligent machines’ creation, that work and react just like human beings. In simple words, AI is the capability of a computer program to think and learn, almost satisfying natural intelligence. It is the ability of a system to interpret the external data correctly, learn from it and finally use those learnings to execute some particular goals and tasks through adaptation. It utilizes multiple technologies to comprehend, act and understand from past experiences. Involving AI is not a science fiction that was once a very long time ago. It AI being an emerging technology has been adopted in various facets of healthcare ranging from drug discovery to patient monitoring. rapidly penetrated its wings developed itself into almost all the industries. Irrespective of the person’s background, whether he/she is a student, industry worker, an entrepreneur, or a scientist, having basic knowledge about the importance and applications of AI would be impactful. Currently, the applications of AI has have been expanding into those fields, which was once thought to be the only domain of human expertise such as health care sector. In this review article, we have shedthrown light on the present usage of AI in the healthcare sector, such as its working, and the way this system is being implemented in different domains, such as drug discovery, diagnosis of diseases, clinical trials, remote patient monitoring, and nanotechnology. We have also slightlybriefly touched upon its applications in touching other sectors as well. The public opinions have also been analyszed and discussed along with the future prospects.The main goals have been briefed. prospects. We have discussed the Along with the merits, we have also discussed about and the other side of AI, i.e. the disadvantages of this as wellin the last part of the manuscript.

scholarly journals Investment Opportunities in India's Healthcare Sector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Sarwal ◽  
Urvashi Prasad ◽  
K. Madan Gopal ◽  
Shoyabahmed Kalal ◽  
Deepyot Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
The Government

India’s healthcare industry has been growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate of around 22% since 2016. At this rate, it is expected to reach USD 372 Billion in 2022. Healthcare has become one of the largest sectors of the Indian economy, in terms of both revenue and employment. In 2015, the healthcare sector became the fifth largest employer, employing 4.7 Million people directly. As per estimates by the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) healthcare can generate 2.7 Million additional jobs in India between 2017-22 -- over 500,000 new jobs per year. India’s healthcare industry comprises hospitals, medical devices and equipment, health insurance, clinical trials, telemedicine and medical tourism. These market segments are expected to diversify as an ageing population with a growing middle class increasingly favours preventative healthcare. Moreover, the rising proportion of lifestyle diseases caused by high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, poor diet and alcohol consumption in urban areas is boosting demand for specialised care services. In addition to these demographic and epidemiological trends, COVID-19 is likely to catalyse long-term changes in attitudes towards personal health and hygiene, health insurance, fitness and nutrition as well as health monitoring and medical check-ups. The pandemic has also accelerated the adoption of digital technologies, including telemedicine. Further, there is a growing emphasis on and emergence of Public-Private Partnership models in India’s healthcare sector. The country’s relative cost competitiveness and availability of skilled labour are also making it an increasingly favoured destination for Medical Value Travel. On the policy front, the Indian Government is undertaking deep structural and sustained reforms to strengthen the healthcare sector; it has also announced conducive policies for encouraging Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In fact, India’s FDI regime has been liberalised extensively. Currently, FDI is permitted up to 100% under the automatic route (i.e., the non resident investor or Indian company does not require approval from the Government of India for the investment) in the hospital sector and in the manufacture of medical devices. In the pharmaceutical sector, FDI is permitted up to 100% in greenfield projects and 74% in brownfield projects under the automatic route. India has emerged as one of the fastest-growing emerging economies over the last two decades, receiving large FDI inflows, which have grown from USD 2.5 Billion in 2000-01 to USD 50 Billion in 2019-20. The healthcare sector, in particular, has received heightened interest from investors over the last few years, with the transaction value increasing from USD 94 Million (2011) to USD 1,275 Million (2016) – a jump of over 13.5 times. All of these factors together create several opportunities for investment in India’s healthcare industry.

scholarly journals Tantangan Implementasi Konvergensi pada Program Pencegahan Stunting di Kabupaten Prioritas

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurista Permanasari ◽  
Meda Permana ◽  
Joko Pambudi ◽  
Bunga Christitha Rosha ◽  
Made Dewi Susilawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

Stunting is one of the nutritional problems faced in the world, including Indonesia. To overcome this problem, the government conducted a program to accelerate stunting prevention in 100 priority districts / cities through specific and sensitive nutrition interventions including health and non-health stakeholders. Interventions are carried out in a convergent manner by aligning various resources to achieve the goal of preventing stunting.The convergence is carried out from the planning, budgeting, implementation, to monitoring stages. The purpose of this study is to analyse the challenges of implementing the convergence of stunting prevention programs that have been running since 2018 by local governments in priority districts / cities based on content, context, process, and actors. The research method is operational research with a research design using a qualitative approach design with in-depth interviews in 13 priority districts/cities. The health policy triangle framework is used as an approach in analyzing the results of this study which consists of content, context, process, and actors. In-depth interview sources are policy makers and program managers to accelerate stunting reduction from province to sub-district and village. The results showed that the challenge in implementing convergence was the existence of sectoral egos in each OPD (stakeholders) because of the socialization was not yet optimal so that many stakeholders did not fully understand the stunting prevention program. Information that was late in being obtained, information cut off from socialization, and difficult demographic conditions in the area where one of the causes in certain areas of the obstruction of socialization. The implementation of convergence that has not been optimal is also due to the ansence operational and technical guidelines for implementing program when the research was conducted so that the regions do not know the steps to carry out these activities. Abstrak Masalah anak pendek (stunting) merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi yang dihadapi di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan stunting, pemerintah melakukan program percepatan penanggulangan stunting di 100 kabupaten kota prioritas yang melibatkan sektor kesehatan dan non kesehatan melalui intervensi gizi spesifik dan sensitif. Penyelenggaraan intervensi dilakukan secara konvergen dengan menyelaraskan berbagai sumber daya untuk mencapai tujuan pencegahan stunting. Konvergensi dilakukan mulai dari tahap perencanaan, penganggaran, pelaksanaan, sampai monitoring. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tantangan implementasi konvergensi program pencegahan stunting yang telah berjalan sejak tahun 2018 oleh pemerintah daerah pada Kabupaten prioritas berdasarkan konten, konteks, proses, dan aktor. Metode penelitian merupakan operational research dengan desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam di 13 kabupaten prioritas. Kerangka segitiga kebijakan kesehatan digunakan sebagai pendekatan dalam menganalisis hasil penelitian ini yang terdiri dari konten, konteks, proses, dan aktor. Informan wawancara mendalam ialah para pengambil kebijakan dan pengelola program percepatan penurunan stunting dari mulai provinsi sampai kecamatan dan desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan dalam implementasi konvergensi ialah masih adanya ego sektoral pada masingmasing OPD karena masih belum optimalnya sosialisasi sehingga banyak yang belum memahami secara menyeluruh mengenai program pencegahan stunting. Informasi yang terlambat diperoleh, terputusnya informasi dari sosialisasi, serta kondisi demografi wilayah yang sulit menjadi salah satu penyebab pada beberapa daerah tertentu tehadap terhambatnya sosialisasi. Implementasi konvergensi yang belum optimal juga dikarenakan belum diperolehnya juklak dan juknis dalam melaksanakan program saat penelitian dilakukan sehingga daerah belum tahu langkah untuk melakukan kegiatan tersebut.

scholarly journals A population health perspective on artificial intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Lavigne ◽  
Fatima Mussa ◽  
Maria I. Creatore ◽  
Steven J. Hoffman ◽  
David L. Buckeridge
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Complex Field ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Health Applications ◽  
Applications Of Ai

The burgeoning field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to profoundly impact the public’s health. Yet, to make the most of this opportunity, decision-makers must understand AI concepts. In this article, we describe approaches and fields within AI and illustrate through examples how they can contribute to informed decisions, with a focus on population health applications. We first introduce core concepts needed to understand modern uses of AI and then describe its sub-fields. Finally, we examine four sub-fields of AI most relevant to population health along with examples of available tools and frameworks. Artificial intelligence is a broad and complex field, but the tools that enable the use of AI techniques are becoming more accessible, less expensive, and easier to use than ever before. Applications of AI have the potential to assist clinicians, health system managers, policy-makers, and public health practitioners in making more precise, and potentially more effective, decisions.

Policy Initiatives for Governance of Socially Sustainable Development: India’s Account of Incessant Endeavors

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-61
Author(s):  
Anil P. Dongre
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender

Societal development in a sustainable way is always treated as a better goal than the economic and political development of the society. Rather, it would be pertinent to say that without social development we cannot attend to the economic and political development of mankind. Keeping this thought alive, policy makers in India since the beginning of policy implementation after independence focused more rigorously on strategizing programs and plans for achieving socially sustainable development. This article aims to discuss policies, programs, and strategies formulated and implemented by the Government of India, subjected to social development. It elaborates on the constitutional provisions, planning endeavors, trends and analysis of the attribute of sustainable development such as education, employment policies and strategies, and gender equality and women empowering policies of the government.

scholarly journals The Effect of Information Technology on the Recruitment Process in Healthcare Organization in Makkah City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Zamil Khadija ◽  
Alsharqi Omar
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
The Government ◽  
Makkah City ◽  
The Impact

As technology advances in recruitment and selection, it provides job seekers with more options for finding a career in the healthcare industry. At the same time, it helps organizations to streamline the hiring process. Internet job sites like CareerBuilder, Monster and Hot Jobs allow job seekers to post resumes which employers can view online and select qualified candidates. In addition, online candidate-tracking systems are helpful to employers. Social media forums like Facebook and LinkedIn are useful sources when selecting proper candidates for the healthcare industry. This research set aims to analyse the role of information technology in the healthcare recruitment process. The literature review demonstrates the impact of IT on the recruitment process in the healthcare sector. Literature from different secondary sources, such as books and journals, are discussed in this research. The methodology applied in this research takes a descriptive analytical and deductive approach. In the data collection and analysis part, the data were collected from 130 human-resource employees from different healthcare organizations in Makkah city. A quantitative data analysis method has been followed in order to analyse the raw data obtained in the survey. This helps to get appropriate outcome for the research by fulfilling its research aims and objectives. The outcome results from this study were as follows: First, that using information technology will be very useful in the recruitment process, because it will provide a better outcome than traditional methods. Second, there will be improvement in the quality of recruitment when using information technology in the recruitment process. Third, there will be a small improvement in communication when IT is used in the recruitment process rather than traditional methods. Finally, using IT in the recruitment process will be much more effective than the traditional way. The recommendations made from this study are the following: As outcome is one of the major components in the healthcare industry recruitment system, the applications for providing care must not vary between institutions. In order to improve quality in the healthcare recruitment process, it is necessary to apply IT in the proper way. For instance, those applications that have security issues and may lead to data leakage of candidates must be avoided. Using social media could be useful in enhancing communication in the healthcare recruitment process. The government has an important role to play in setting up standards for organizations. In turn, following these standards could be helpful in guaranteeing the effectiveness of the system.

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