Detection of COD in the Wastewater Treatment Process Based on Fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectrometry

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 599-602
Author(s):  
Shu Xin Du ◽  
Yuan Qing Wu ◽  
Zhi Bao Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Excitation Emission Matrix ◽  
Sedimentation Tank

In the wastewater treatment process, it is necessary to detect the concentrations of organic matter in order to monitor the operation and adjust the process parameters. Based on fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrometry, Chemical oxygen demand (COD) of effluent wastewater in the primary sedimentation tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the final sedimentation tank of Hengdian Wastewater Treatment Plant, Zhejiang Province, is detected respectively based on fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrometry. In order to compare the modeling performance, principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS), parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and multi-way partial least squares (N-PLS) are respectively used to build the calibration models between the fluorescence spectrometry and COD. Experimental results show PLS is better than PARAFAC and N-PLS in the aspect of modeling performance for detecting COD in the wastewater.

Possible impact of treated wastewater discharge on incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in river water

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Iwane ◽  
T. Urase ◽  
K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Escherichia coli and coliform group bacteria resistant to seven antibiotics were investigated in the Tama River, a typical urbanized river in Tokyo, Japan, and at a wastewater treatment plant located on the river. The percentages of antibiotic resistance in the wastewater effluent were, in most cases, higher than the percentages in the river water, which were observed increasing downstream. Since the possible increase in the percentages in the river was associated with treated wastewater discharges, it was concluded that the river, which is contaminated by treated wastewater with many kinds of pollutants, is also contaminated with antibiotic resistant coliform group bacteria and E.coli. The percentages of resistant bacteria in the wastewater treatment plant were mostly observed decreasing during the treatment process. It was also demonstrated that the percentages of resistance in raw sewage are significantly higher than those in the river water and that the wastewater treatment process investigated in this study works against most of resistant bacteria in sewage.

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of a municipal wastewater treatment plant model

2019 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 05010
Author(s):  
Paweł Król ◽  
Alberto Gallina ◽  
Michał Lubieniecki ◽  
Tadeusz Uhl ◽  
Tadeusz Żaba
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
The Relationship

Waste management is a crucial process to keep the environment in wholesome conditions. The environmental impact of solid waste and wastewater is reduced through construction of appropriate disposal installations. The objective of wastewater treatment in biological reactors is to control the process of biomaterial growth by aerating the sewage content. The process is complex, as depending on a plenty of parameters. In the last decades an effective numerical model, called the Activated Sludge Model (ASM), has been proposed for describing the biological process. The ASM is implemented in the Benchmark Simulation Model (BSM) that simulates the whole wastewater treatment process. The most important parameters in ASM are the kinetic and stoichiometric coefficients. The former describes rate-concentration dependence. The latter characterises the relationship between the components of chemical reactions taking place in the cleaning process. Above parameters are determined by on-site calibration and their importance is relevant during the development of numeric models. This paper aims to examine the influence of kinetic and stoichiometric parameters on the wastewater treatment process of a plant in Płaszów, Kraków. The analysis is carried out by a sample-based numerical procedure. It highlights the ASM parameters playing a major role in the treatment process. Results obtained from the analysis are important for future validation and optimisation processes.

scholarly journals Insight into removals of PARAFAC components from dissolved and particulate organic matter in wastewater treatment process by two-dimensional correlation and structure equation modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benxin Yu ◽  
Dongping Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yingxue Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Most particulate organic matter (POM) cannot be directly degraded in the conventional wastewater treatment, which should be transformed into dissolved organic matter (DOM) through a hydrolysis process. However, non-hydrolyzed POM in the biological treatment can limit treated efficiencies for the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) facilities. Hence an operational tool is indispensable for insight into removals of DOM and POM factions in the WWTP. In this study, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) combined parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), two-dimensional correlation (2D-COS) and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to evaluate removals of DOM and POM in a wastewater treatment plant. Results Four fluorescence components were identified in DOM and POM substances from the WWTP by EEM combined with PARAFAC, i.e., tyrosine-like (TYLF), tryptophan-like (TRLF), microbial byproduct-like (MBLF), and fulvic acid-like (FALF). In A2/O process, the TYLF and TRLF of DOM were removed to a larger extent than those of MBLF and FALF in anaerobic tank, while TYLF and MBLF of POM were removed to a great extent than those of TRLF and FALF in primary sedimentation and aerobic tanks. By the 2D-COS, a decreasing variation order of DOM fractions in the wastewater treatment process was UV-FALF → MBLF2 → Vis-FALF → TRLF → TYLF, while the decreasing order of POM fractions was Vis-FALF → UV-FALF → MBLF2 → TYLF → MBLF1 → TRLF. SEM revealed that TRLF and TYLF of DOM were degraded by anaerobic microorganism, and TRLF could be transformed partially into FALF. However, TRFL and TYLF of POM were discomposed by aerobic microorganism. Conclusions The 2D-COS and SEM can be practicable tools as EEM-PARAFAC for monitoring DOM and POM in the WWTP. The study could present a theoretical support to improving the retrofit of WWTP and formulating emission standards for organic pollutants.

scholarly journals Tetracycline Induces the Formation of Biofilm of Bacteria from Different Phases of Wastewater Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Tereza Stachurová ◽  
Kateřina Malachová ◽  
Jaroslav Semerád ◽  
Meta Sterniša ◽  
Zuzana Rybková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Sedimentation Tank

The study monitored the effect of tetracycline on bacterial biofilm formation and compared biofilm formation by resistant bacterial strains in different phases of the wastewater treatment process in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The crystal violet staining method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation. Biofilm-related bacterial properties were characterized by hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and motility tests. The relative abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tetW, tetM, tetO, tetA and tetB) in wastewaters were subsequently quantified using qPCR. The results show that the isolates from the nitrification tank produce biofilm with up to 10 times greater intensity relative to the isolates from the sedimentation tank. In isolates of Aeromonas sp. from the nitrification tank, increased biofilm production in the occurrence of tetracycline from a concentration of 0.03125 µg/mL was observed. The tetW gene showed the highest relative abundance out of all the tested genes. From the sampling points, its abundance was the highest in the sedimentation tank of the WWTP. Based on these results, it can be assumed that resistant bacteria are able to form a biofilm and sub-inhibitory tetracycline concentrations induce biofilm formation. WWTPs thus represent a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and contribute to the spread of resistance in the natural environment.

Simultaneous activated sludge wastewater treatment and odour control

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hardy ◽  
J.E. Burgess ◽  
S. Morton ◽  
R.M. Stuetz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Performance Results

Lab-scale tests were used to determine the amount of H2S that can be treated using a range of different activated sludges. Static vessels were used to study the effects of different H2S concentrations (5, 25, 50 and 75 ppm). The data indicated that odour control may be carried out using certain types of sludge, but sludge type, e.g. carbonaceous, nitrifying, with or without coagulant, affects removal efficiency. The presence of the biomass resulted in greater H2S removal than the use of wet scrubbing and the adverse effects on mixed liquor were negligible. A pilot plant was used to study the removal efficiencies of activated sludge diffusion using a typical wastewater treatment plant H2S concentration and investigated the effects that the diffusion of H2S had on the process performance. Results indicated that the levels of H2S produced by other unit processes on a wastewater treatment site (approximately 5 ppm) can be treated using activated sludge diffusion without compromising the performance of the wastewater treatment process. The only effects on the activated sludge plant observed were: (1) nitrification was interrupted briefly as H2S diffusion commenced and (2) the species' diversity in the sludge decreased.

scholarly journals Simulating the dispersion of poisonous organic chemical compounds in wastewater treatment process through the active sludge method using the TOXChem model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 025-031
Author(s):  
Masoomi Seyyed Roohollah ◽  
Azizi Mostafa ◽  
Aghlmand Reza ◽  
Gheibi Mohammad ◽  
Kian Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Gaseous Pollutants ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process

Naturally, microorganisms decompose the organic material existing in nature, both in the presence or absence of oxygen. The majority of materials such as poisonous chemical compounds, heavy metals, would prevent the treatment process from taking place, lead to the entry of these contaminants into the environment results in the emergence of numerous diseases. In the present study, using the TOXChem4.1 simulation model, attempts were made to simulate a wastewater treatment plant and then assess the dispersions of contaminants including 1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene, 1,3-Dinitropyrene, 1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene, 1,6-Dinitropyrene, and 17a-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in concentrations of a common scenario. The results of computer simulations showed that the EE2 contaminant is of the highest percentage of decomposition among others, due to its wider chemical structure. Consequently, it is clear that such contaminant is of the highest mass in the sludge exiting the treatment plant. In addition, the results of the simulations demonstrated that the highest volumes of gaseous pollutants take place in the modulation and initial sedimentation units.

Sensor fault diagnosis in a wastewater treatment process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lee ◽  
S.W. Choi ◽  
I.-B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Sensor Faults ◽  
Sensor Fault ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Reconstruction Methods

There are many sensors in a wastewater treatment process (WWTP) plant for monitoring process performance and condition. Sensor validation is essential to the success of process monitoring. In this paper, various sensor faults which can occur in WWTP are identified for taking proper remedial action at an early time. A proposed sensor fault isolation method is based on the variable reconstruction using principal component analysis (PCA). Even though several methods have been developed to identify sensor faults, they are only applicable to a static process. In other words, they cannot be successfully used to monitor severe dynamic processes such as WWTPs. We have removed this limitation by developing reconstruction methods based on a dynamic version of PCA. Artificial scenarios of sensor faults generated from the simulation benchmark have been used to validate the proposed sensor identifying methodology. Also, it is compared to a previous method to show its relative superiority in sensor fault validation in the WWTP.

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